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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ahmed, Aram M. Hassan, Bryar A. Rashid, Tarik A. Noori, Kaniaw A. Saeed, Soran Ab.M. Ahmed, Omed H. Umar, Shahla U. Computer Science and Engineering Department University of Kurdistan Hewlêr Erbil Iraq Department of Computer Science College of Science Charmo University Chamchamal Sulaimani Iraq Database Technology Department Technical College of Informatics Sulaimani Polytechnic University Sulaimani Iraq Department of Information Technology University of Human Development Sulaymaniyah Iraq Network Department College of Computer Science and Information Technology Kirkuk University Kirkuk Iraq

This paper presents a multi-objective version of the Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm called the Grid-based Multiobjective Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm (GMOCSO). Convergence and diversity preservation are the two main goals pursued by modern multi-objective algorithms to yield robust results. To achieve these goals, we first replace the roulette wheel method of the original CSO algorithm with a greedy method. Then, two key concepts from Pareto Archived Evolution Strategy Algorithm (PAES) are adopted: the grid system and double archive strategy. Several test functions and a real-world scenario called the Pressure vessel design problem are used to evaluate the proposed algorithm's performance. In the experiment, the proposed algorithm is compared with other well-known algorithms using different metrics such as Reversed Generational Distance, Spacing metric, and Spread metric. The optimization results show the robustness of the proposed algorithm, and the results are further confirmed using statistical methods and graphs. Finally, conclusions and future directions were presented.. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Pressure vessels

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Code Review Automation Via Multi-task Federated LLM - An Empirical Study

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kumar, Jahnavi Chimalakonda, Sridhar Research in Intelligent Software & Human Analytics Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati India

Code review is a crucial process before deploying code to production, as it validates the code, provides suggestions for improvements, and identifies errors such as missed edge cases. In projects with regular production releases, the effort required for peer code-reviews remains high. Consequently, there has been significant interest from software engineering (SE) researchers in automating the code review process. Previous research on code review automation has typically approached the task as three independent sub-tasks: review necessity prediction, review comment generation, and code refinement. Our study attempts to (i) leverage the relationships between the sub-tasks of code review automation, by developing a multi-task model that addresses all tasks in an integrated manner, and (ii) increase model robustness on unseen data via collaborative large language model (LLM) modeling, while retaining the proprietary nature of code, by using federated learning (FL). The study explores five simple techniques for multi-task training, including two sequential methods, one parallel method, and two cumulative methods. The results indicate that sequentially training a federated LLM (FedLLM) for our code review multi-task use case is less efficient in terms of time, computation, and performance metrics, compared to training separate models for each task. Because sequential training demonstrates catastrophic forgetting, alternatively cumulative fine-tuning for multi-task training performs better than training models for individual tasks. This study highlights the need for research focused on effective fine-tuning of multi-task FedLLMs for SE tasks. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Coding errors

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What Do Developers Feel About Fast-Growing Programming Languages? An Exploratory Study

What Do Developers Feel About Fast-Growing Programming Langu...

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IEEE/ACM International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC)

作者： Jahnavi Kumar Sridhar Chimalakonda Department of Computer Science and Engineering Research in Intelligent Software & Human Analytics Lab Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati India

ISBN: (数字)9798400705861

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352276

The developer community has witnessed an unprecedented surge in recent years, with over 100 million active developers on the GitHub platform in 2023. Along with it, there is a significant rise and adoption of new programming languages, frameworks and tools. The study aims to comprehend how developers perceive these fastgrowing programming languages by performing emotion analysis of developer’s comments posted in various software artifacts such as pull requests, issues and commits of GitHub repositories. In this regard, we employed a fine-tuned small ‘Large Language Model’ (sLLM) to detect emotions, leveraging a balanced dataset from existing literature complemented with additional manual annotations from our collected data. We have analyzed 10 fast-growing programming languages, examining 1.8 million comments from 4.1 million non-code artifacts. To further validate our findings, we have performed a qualitative survey and analysis with 28 developers. Our study reveals insights into the developers emotion associated with these fast-growing languages. Notably, “Surprise’’ is the predominant emotion associated with these languages. CCS CONCEPTS • Software and its engineering $\rightarrow$ General programming languages.

关键词： Surveys computer languages Annotations Software Data models Surges Software development management

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RJoules: An Energy Measurement Tool for R 23

RJoules: An Energy Measurement Tool for R

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Proceedings of the 38th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering

作者： Rajrupa Chattaraj Sridhar Chimalakonda Research in Intelligent Systems and Human Analytics Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350329964

With the exponential growth of data, the demand for effective data analysis tools has increased significantly. R language, known for its statistical modeling and data analysis capabilities, has become one of the most popular programming languages among data scientists and researchers. As the importance of energy-aware software systems continues to rise, several studies investigate the impact of source code and different stages of machine learning model training on energy consumption. However, existing studies in this domain primarily focus on programming languages like Python and Java, resulting in a lack of energy measuring tools for other programming languages such as R. To address this gap, we propose "RJoules", a tool designed to measure the energy consumption of R code snippets. We evaluate the correctness and performance of RJoules by applying it to four machine learning algorithms on three different systems. Our aim is to support developers and practitioners in building energy-aware systems in R. The demonstration of the tool is available at https://***/yMKFuvAM-DE and related artifacts at https://***/RJoules/.

关键词： energy measurement

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Secure Resource Management in Cloud Computing: Challenges, Strategies and Meta-Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Saxena, Deepika Swain, Smruti Rekha Kumar, Jatinder Patni, Sakshi Gupta, Kishu Singh, Ashutosh Kumar Lindenstruth, Volker Division of Information Systems University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu9650006 Japan Department of Computer Science The University of Economics and Human Sciences Warsaw01-043 Poland Department of Computer Applications National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Kurukshetra136119 India Department of Computing Gachon University Seongnam461701 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung804 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Bhopal Bhopal462003 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Goethe University Frankfurt60438 Germany

Secure resource management (SRM) within a cloud computing environment is a critical yet infrequently studied research topic. This paper provides a comprehensive survey and comparative performance evaluation of potential cyber threat countermeasure strategies that address security challenges during cloud workload execution and resource management. Cybersecurity is explored specifically in the context of cloud resource management, with an emphasis on identifying the associated challenges. The cyber threat countermeasure methods are categorized into three classes: defensive strategies, mitigating strategies, and hybrid strategies. The existing countermeasure strategies belonging to each class are thoroughly discussed and compared. In addition to conceptual and theoretical analysis, the leading countermeasure strategies within these categories are implemented on a common platform and examined using two real-world virtual machine (VM) data traces. Based on this comprehensive study and performance evaluation, the paper discusses the trade-offs among these countermeasure strategies and their utility, providing imperative concluding remarks on the holistic study of cloud cyber threat countermeasures and secure resource management. Furthermore, the study suggests future methodologies that could effectively address the emerging challenges of secure cloud resource management. © 2025, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Cloud security

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Chunked Attention-Based Encoder-Decoder Model for Streaming Speech Recognition

Chunked Attention-Based Encoder-Decoder Model for Streaming ...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Mohammad Zeineldeen Albert Zeyer Ralf Schlüter Hermann Ney Computer Science Department Machine Learning and Human Language Technology RWTH Aachen University Germany AppTek GmbH Germany

We study a streamable attention-based encoder-decoder model in which either the decoder, or both the encoder and decoder, operate on pre-defined, fixed-size windows called chunks. A special end-of-chunk (EOC) symbol advances from one chunk to the next chunk, effectively replacing the conventional end-of-sequence symbol. This modification, while minor, situates our model as equivalent to a transducer model that operates on chunks instead of frames, where EOC corresponds to the blank symbol. We further explore the remaining differences between a standard transducer and our model. Additionally, we examine relevant aspects such as long-form speech generalization, beam size, and length normalization. Through experiments on Librispeech and TED-LIUM-v2, and by concatenating consecutive sequences for long-form trials, we find that our streamable model maintains competitive performance compared to the non-streamable variant and generalizes very well to long-form speech.

关键词：

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Polysemy through the lens of psycholinguistic variables: a dataset and an evaluation of static and contextualized language models 13

Polysemy through the lens of psycholinguistic variables: a d...

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13th Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics, StarSEM 2024

作者： Bruera, Andrea Zamani, Farbod Poesio, Massimo Cognition and Plasticity Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany Department of Computing Goldsmiths University of London United Kingdom CogSci Research Group School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761063

Polysemes are words that can have different senses depending on the context of utterance: for instance, ‘newspaper’ can refer to an organization (as in ‘manage the newspaper’) or to an object (as in ‘open the newspaper’). Contrary to a large body of evidence coming from psycholinguistics, polysemy has been traditionally modelled in NLP by assuming that each sense should be given a separate representation in a lexicon (e.g. WordNet). This led to the current situation, where datasets used to evaluate the ability of computational models of semantics miss crucial details about the representation of polysemes, thus limiting the amount of evidence that can be gained from their use. In this paper we propose a framework to approach polysemy as a continuous variation in psycholinguistic properties of a word in context. This approach accommodates different sense interpretations, without postulating clear-cut jumps between senses. First we describe a publicly available English dataset that we collected, where polysemes in context (verb-noun phrases) are annotated for their concreteness and body sensory strength. Then, we evaluate static and contextualized language models in their ability to predict the ratings of each polyseme in context, as well as in their ability to capture the distinction among senses, revealing and characterizing in an interpretable way the models’ flaws. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Semantics

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In-the-loop or on-the-loop? interactional arrangements to support team coordination with a planning agent

In-the-loop or on-the-loop? Interactional arrangements to su...

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作者： Fischer, Joel E. Greenhalgh, Chris Jiang, Wenchao Ramchurn, Sarvapali D. Wu, Feng Rodden, Tom The Mixed Reality Laboratory School of Computer Science University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Agents Interaction and Complexity Group Department of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

In this paper, we present the study of interactional arrangements that support the collaboration of headquarters (HQ), field responders, and a computational planning agent in a time-critical task setting created by a mixed-reality game. interactional arrangements define the extent to which control is distributed between the collaborative parties. We provide 2 field trials, one to study an "on-the-loop" arrangement in which HQ monitors and intervenes in agent instructions to field players on demand and the other, to study a version that places HQ more tightly "in-the-loop." The studies provide an understanding of the sociotechnical collaboration between players and the agent in these interactional arrangements by conducting interaction analysis of video recordings and game log data. The first field trial focuses on the collaboration of field responders with the planning agent. Findings highlight how players negotiate the agent guidance within the social interaction of the collocated teams. The second field trial focuses on the collaboration between the automated planning agent and the HQ. We find that the human coordinator and the agent can successfully work together in most cases, with human coordinators inspecting and "correcting" the agent-proposed plans. Through this field trial-driven development process, we generalise interaction design implications of automated planning agents around the themes of supporting common ground and mixed-initiative planning. © 2017 The Authors. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Mixed reality

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A Detailed Review and Study of Implementation of Security System Design for Machine Learning-Based Software Systems: Issues And Challenges 3

A Detailed Review and Study of Implementation of Security Sy...

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3rd International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in Engineering, ICACITE 2023

作者： Lourens, Melanie Tripathi, Vikas Alanya-Beltran, Joel Akram, Shaik Vaseem Bhaskar, Bandi Firos, A. Durban University of Technology Department of Human Resources Management Berea Durban South Africa Graphic Era Deemed to be University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Uttarakhand Dehradun India Universidad Tecnológica del Perú Peru Uttaranchal University Uttaranchal Institute of Technology India SR University School of CS& AI Telangana Warangal India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Arunachal Pradesh Doimukh791112 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399264

The rapidly growing technology specially in the field of software, Machine Learning (ML) has played an important role in a range of tasks, including voice, video, and computer vision. It is currently being utilised in software systems to automate the crucial processes more and more. Machine learning-based modern software systems (MLBSS) are currently difficult to build safely, which will severely limit the uses in security and safety-critical domains. Recently, majority of articles are published and still research work is going on the safety problems for ML and Deep Learning (DL), which place a strong prominence on the models and data both, adversaries' threats have been taken into consideration. In this paper, we address the prospect that system bugs or external adversarial assaults might lead to security vulnerabilities for machine learning-based software systems, and we propose that safe development techniques ought to be applied throughout the whole lifecycle. We conclude by providing a thorough study of the security for MLBSS, which includes a comprehensive analysis based on a review of the structure of three distinctive features in terms of security issues. The entire state-of-the-art for MLBSS secure development is also provided. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： computer software

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Efficient Training of Neural Transducer for Speech Recognition 23

Efficient Training of Neural Transducer for Speech Recogniti...

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23rd Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, INTERSPEECH 2022

作者： Zhou, Wei Michel, Wilfried Schlüter, Ralf Ney, Hermann Human Language Technology and Pattern Recognition Computer Science Department RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany AppTek GmbH 52062 Aachen Germany

As one of the most popular sequence-to-sequence modeling approaches for speech recognition, the RNN-Transducer has achieved evolving performance with more and more sophisticated neural network models of growing size and increasing training epochs. While strong computation resources seem to be the prerequisite of training superior models, we try to overcome it by carefully designing a more efficient training pipeline. In this work, we propose an efficient 3-stage progressive training pipeline to build highly-performing neural transducer models from scratch with very limited computation resources in a reasonable short time period. The effectiveness of each stage is experimentally verified on both Librispeech and Switchboard corpora. The proposed pipeline is able to train transducer models approaching state-of-the-art performance with a single GPU in just 2-3 weeks. Our best conformer transducer achieves 4.1% WER on Librispeech test-other with only 35 epochs of training. Copyright © 2022 ISCA.

关键词： Speech recognition

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