Many failures in long-term collaboration occur because of a lack of activity awareness. Activity awareness is a broad concept that involves awareness of synchronous and asynchronous interactions over extended time per...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1581138571
Many failures in long-term collaboration occur because of a lack of activity awareness. Activity awareness is a broad concept that involves awareness of synchronous and asynchronous interactions over extended time periods. We describe a procedure to evaluate activity awareness and collaborative activities in a controlled setting. The activities used are modeled on real-world collaborations documented earlier in a field study. We developed an experimental method to study these activity awareness problems in the laboratory. Participants worked on a simulated long-term project in the laboratory over multiple experimental sessions with a confederate, who partially scripted activities and probes. We present evidence showing that this method represents a valid model of real collaboration, based on participants' active engagement, lively negotiation, and awareness difficulties. We found that having the ability to define, reproduce, and systematically manipulate collaborative situations allowed us to assess the effect of realistic conditions on activity awareness in remote collaboration. Copyright 2004 ACM.
Biodiversity databases have recently become widely available to the public and to other researchers. To retrieve information from these resources, users must understand the underlying data schemas even though they oft...
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This paper presents work aimed at supporting the design of temporal aspects of socio-technical systems. Time design is a framework for (a) analysing and representing temporal properties of the work domain, (b) generat...
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This paper presents work aimed at supporting the design of temporal aspects of socio-technical systems. Time design is a framework for (a) analysing and representing temporal properties of the work domain, (b) generating design options that support timely, flexible and dependable function servicing, and (c) providing knowledge about the characteristics and biases of human temporal control behaviour. In support of the latter end, two microworld experiments that investigated temporal control decisions in a supervisory control task are presented. These experiments manipulated event rate, the duration of event rate blocks, the availability of online and offline event rate information, and the accuracy of this information. The studies identified conditions where attention to temporal information decreased and the use of conservative temporal control strategies increased
Heuristic evaluation method comparison is important for developing new heuristic sets, to ensure effectiveness and utility. However, comparing different sets of heuristics requires a common baseline upon which a compa...
Heuristic evaluation method comparison is important for developing new heuristic sets, to ensure effectiveness and utility. However, comparing different sets of heuristics requires a common baseline upon which a comparison can be made, usually some set of usability problems from a particular interface. This is often accomplished by having evaluators perform system evaluation to produce a set of usability problems for each method in question. A problem arises in that different methods produce different sets of problems, thus introducing validity concerns and ambiguity in resolution of disparate problem sets. We address this problem by illustrating a new comparison technique in which predetermined usability issues are presented to the evaluators up front, followed by assessment of thoroughness, reliability, and cost for the target methods. Comparison of method effectiveness is simplified, and validity concerns are ameliorated.
This paper contains a description of the creation of Concept Maps in facilitated sessions to promote idea generation and group decision-making. A number of issues pertain to facilitated Concept Mapping, including the ...
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Particle filtering is a very popular technique for sequential state estimation problem. However its convergence greatly depends on the balance between the number of particles/hypotheses and the fitness of the dynamic ...
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This paper describes the use of the Wizard of Oz (WOz) method in the design of computer vision based action games controlled with body movements. A WOz study was carried out with 34 children of ages 7 to 9 in order to...
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The fundamental question for an information-rich virtual environment is how to access and display abstract information. We investigated two existing navigation techniques: hand-centered object manipulation extending r...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780384156
The fundamental question for an information-rich virtual environment is how to access and display abstract information. We investigated two existing navigation techniques: hand-centered object manipulation extending ray-casting (HOMER) and go-go navigation, and two text layout techniques: within-the-world display (WWD) and heads-up display (HUD). Four search tasks were performed to measure participants' performance in a densely packed environment. HUD enabled significantly better performance than WWD and the go-go technique enabled better performance than the HOMER technique for most of the tasks. We found that using HOMER navigation combined with the WWD technique was significantly worse than other combinations for difficult naive search tasks. Users also preferred the combination of go-go and HUD for all tasks.
The performances of blind source separation (BSS) are still not satisfiable to apply to the real environments. The major obstacle may seem the finite filter length of the assumed mixing model and the nonlinear sensor ...
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The performances of blind source separation (BSS) are still not satisfiable to apply to the real environments. The major obstacle may seem the finite filter length of the assumed mixing model and the nonlinear sensor noises. This paper presents a two-step speech enhancement method with stereo microphone inputs. The first is an ordinary frequency-domain BSS step, and the second is the removal of the remaining cross-channel interference by a spectral cancellation approach using a probabilistic source absence/presence detection technique. Our experimental results show good separation enhancement performances on the real recordings of speech and music signals compared to the conventional BSS methods.
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