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IEEE/ACM Joint Conference on Digital Libraries(JCDL)

作者： Benjamin B. Bederson Bongshin Lee Catherine Plaisant Hyunmo Kang Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD USA Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Computer Science Department/UMIACS University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Networks have remained a challenge for information retrieval and visualization because of the rich set of tasks that users want to accomplish. This paper demonstrates a tool, NetLens, to explore a content-actor paired network data model. The NetLens interface was designed to allow users to pose a series of elementary queries and iteratively refine visual overviews and sorted lists. This enables the support of complex queries that are traditionally hard to specify in node-link visualizations. NetLens is general and scalable in that it applies to any dataset that can be represented with our abstract content-actor data model

关键词： Educational institutions Data visualization computer networks Data models User interfaces Graphical user interfaces Software libraries Law Legal factors computer science

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Comparison of silhouette shape descriptors for example-based human pose recovery

Comparison of silhouette shape descriptors for example-based...

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International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition

作者： R. Poppe M. Poel Department of Computer Science Human Media Interaction Group University of Twente Enschede Netherlands

Automatically recovering human poses from visual input is useful but challenging due to variations in image space and the high dimensionality of the pose space. In this paper, we assume that a human silhouette can be extracted from monocular visual input. We compare three shape descriptors that are used in the encoding of silhouettes: Fourier descriptors, shape contexts and Hu moments. An example-based approach is taken to recover upper body poses from these descriptors. We perform experiments with deformed silhouettes to test each descriptor's robustness against variations in body dimensions, viewpoint and noise. It is shown that Fourier descriptors and shape context histograms outperform Hu moments for all deformations

关键词： Shape humans Noise robustness Noise shaping Biological system modeling Encoding Testing Data mining computer science Performance evaluation

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Overcoming World in Miniature Limitations by a Scaled and Scrolling WIM

Overcoming World in Miniature Limitations by a Scaled and Sc...

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IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI)

作者： C.A. Wingrave Y. Haciahmetoglu D.A. Bowman Department of Computer Science Center for Human Computer Interaction Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

The World In Miniature (WIM) technique has effectively allowed users to interact and travel efficiently in Virtual Environments. However, WIM fails to work in worlds with tasks at various levels of scale. Such an example is using the WIM to arrange furniture and then leaving the room to travel the city using the WIM for navigation and wayfinding. To address this problem, scaling and scrolling were added to the WIM to create the Scaled Scrolling World In Miniature (SSWIM). The interface and testbed were iteratively created under expert evaluation and multiple formative user evaluations led to the final design. The WIM and SSWIM were then compared inside three differently sized cities by users who located a sphere and traveled into it to read the label at the sphere’s center. Users were administered two standard psychology tests to account for spatial orientation (Cube Comparison Test) and spatial scanning (Maze Tracing Test) factors. The results show that the SSWIM’s added functionality, and hence complexity, caused no significant hit in user performance and additionally that users were able to use SSWIM effectively after a short instructional period. To better understand the effect of experience, a follow-up experiment was performed showing performance plateaued after ten to fifteen minutes of use.

关键词： Testing Cities and towns Visualization computer science human computer interaction Virtual environment Navigation Psychology User interfaces Graphical user interfaces

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A Storytelling Robot: Modeling and Evaluation of human-like Gaze Behavior

A Storytelling Robot: Modeling and Evaluation of Human-like ...

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IEEE-RAS International Conference on humanoid Robots

作者： Bilge Mutlu Jodi Forlizzi Jessica Hodgins Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University USA Human-Computer Interaction Institute and School of Design Carnegie Mellon University USA Robotics Institute and Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424401992

Engaging storytelling is a necessary skill for humanoid robots if they are to be used in education and entertainment applications. Storytelling requires that the humanoid robot be aware of its audience and able to direct its gaze in a natural way. In this paper, we explore how human gaze can be modeled and implemented on a humanoid robot to create a natural, human-like behavior for storytelling. Our gaze model integrates data collected from a human storyteller and a discourse structure model developed by Cassell and her colleagues for human-like conversational agents (1994). We used this model to direct the gaze of a humanoid robot, Honda's ASIMO, as he recited a Japanese fairy tale using a pre-recorded human voice. We assessed the efficacy of this gaze algorithm by manipulating the frequency of ASIMO's gaze between two participants and used pre and post questionnaires to assess whether participants evaluated the robot more positively and did better on a recall task when ASIMO looked at them more. We found that participants performed significantly better in recalling ASIMO's story when the robot looked at them more. Our results also showed significant differences in how men and women evaluated ASIMO based on the frequency of gaze they received from the robot. Our study adds to the growing evidence that there are many commonalities between human-human communication and human-robot communication

关键词： humanoid robots Educational robots human robot interaction Frequency Speech Robotics and automation computer science computer science education Application software human voice

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A model for interoperability in computer supported collaborative learning

A model for interoperability in computer supported collabora...

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6th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2006

作者： Kahrimanis, Georgios Papasalouros, Andreas Avouris, Nikolaos Retalis, Simeon Human-Computer Interaction Group ECE Department University of Patras Greece Software Engineering Lab. National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Dep. of Technology Education and Digital Systems University of Piraeus Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0769526322

computer Supported Collaborative Learning activities involve combination of complex software tools that often need to interoperate in a wider context of learning. This paper proposes a data model that accommodates requirements of typical collaborative learning situations and facilitates interoperability of tools and interchange of products of collaboration and evaluation data. The model has been tested against various typical tools used for both synchronous and asynchronous collaboration of groups of students. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： E-learning

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A general framework for biclustering gene expression data

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Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 2006年第4期4卷 911-933页

作者： Li, Haifeng Chen, Xin Zhang, Keshu Jiang, Tao Center of Excellence in Genomic Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 United States School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Human Interaction Research Lab Motorola Inc. Temep AZ 85282 United States Department of Computer Science University of California Riverside CA 92521 United States

A large number of biclustering methods have been proposed to detect patterns in gene expression data. All these methods try to find some type of biclusters but no one can discover all the types of patterns in the data. Furthermore, researchers have to design new algorithms in order to find new types of biclusters/patterns that interest biologists. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for biclustering that, in general, can be used to discover all computable patterns in gene expression data. The method is based on the theory of Kolmogorov complexity. More precisely, we use Kolmogorov complexity to measure the randomness of submatrices as the merit of biclusters because randomness naturally consists in a lack of regularity, which is a common property of all types of patterns. On the basis of algorithmic probability measure, we develop a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to search for biclusters. Our method can also be easily extended to solve the problems of conventional clustering and checkerboard type biclustering. The preliminary experiments on simulated as well as real data show that our approach is very versatile and promising. © 2006 Imperial College Press.

关键词： Biclustering Gene expression Kolmogorov complexity

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Protein subcellular localization prediction using a hybrid of similarity search and Error-Correcting Output Code techniques that produces interpretable results

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In Silico Biology 2006年第5期6卷 419-433页

作者： Doderer, Mark Yoon, Kihoon Salinas, John Kwek, Stephen Department of Computer Science Human Genome (HuGe) Lab The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249-0667 6900 N. Loop 1604 West United States

In silico prediction of protein subcellular localization based on amino acid sequence can reveal valuable information about the protein's innate roles in the cell. Unfortunately, such prediction is made difficult because of complex protein sorting signals. Some prediction methods are based on searching for similar proteins with known localization, assuming that known homologs exist. However, it may not perform well on proteins with no known homolog. In contrast, machine learning-based approaches attempt to infer a predictive model that describes the protein sorting signals. Alas, in doing so, it does not take advantage of known homologs (if they exist) by doing a simple "table lookup". Here, we capture the best of both worlds by combining both approaches. On a dataset with 12 locations, similarity-based and machine learning independently achieve an accuracy of 83.8% and 72.6%, respectively. Our hybrid approach yields an improved accuracy of 85.9%. We compared our method with three other methods' published results. For two of the methods, we used their published datasets for comparison. For the third we used the 12 location dataset. The Error Correcting Output Code algorithm was used to construct our predictive model. This algorithm gives attention to all the classes regardless of number of instances and led to high accuracy among each of the classes and a high prediction rate overall. We also illustrated how the machine learning classifier we use, built over a meaningful set of features can produce interpretable rules that may provide valuable insights into complex protein sorting mechanisms. © 2006 IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blast Decision tree Error correcting output code Similarity search Subcellular localization prediction

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Vertical vergence calibration for augmented reality displays

Vertical vergence calibration for augmented reality displays

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IEEE Virtual Reality 2006 Conference

作者： Livingston, Mark A. Ellis, Stephen R. White, Sean M. Virtual Reality Lab. Naval Research Laboratory United States Human Information Processing Research Branch NASA Ames Research Center United States Department of Computer Science Columbia University United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424402239

Stereo and bi-ocular head-mounted displays (HMDs) require the user to fuse two,images into a coherent picture of the three-dimensional world, The human visual system performs this task constantly, but when the input images contain both real and graphical depictions, the problem becomes more difficult. A vertical disparity in the,graphics causes diplopia for user's trying to fuse the real and virtual objects simultaneously. We implement three methods, to measure and correct this disparity and assess them with,a collection of a single model of optical see-through HMD.

关键词： augmented reality head-mounted display vergence

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Engineering in three dimensions: Immersive virtual environments, interactivity, and 3D user interfaces for engineering applications

Engineering in three dimensions: Immersive virtual environme...

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GeoCongress 2006

作者： Bowman, Doug A. Ray, Andrew A. Gutierrez, Marte S. Mauldon, Matthew Dove, Joseph E. Westman, Erik Setareh, Mehdi Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction 660 McBryde Hall Blacksburg VA 24061 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech 200 Patton Hall Charles E. Via Jr. Blacksburg VA 24061 Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering Virginia Tech 100 Holden Hall Blackburg VA 24061 Department of Architecture Virginia Tech 201 Cowgill Hall Blacksburg VA 24061

ISBN: (纸本)0784408033

In recent years, engineering disciplines have begun to experience a revolution based on the use of information technology. In particular, the use of computer graphics and visualization have allowed engineers to gain unprecedented insight into both spatial and abstract datasets, resulting in better designs, more in-depth understanding, and more efficient analysis. In this paper, we argue that many engineering datasets are best visualized in three dimensions because of their inherent three-dimensional (3D) spatial properties. Traditional 3D visualizations are still limited, however. In order to mitigate these limitations, we describe two additional technologies that will further increase the benefits of 3D engineering visualizations. First, immersive virtual environments (VEs) allow an engineer to "get inside" the data and view it naturally, resulting in greater spatial understanding and potentially greater insight. Second, interactive visualizations allow the user to navigate within the 3D space, change the visualization parameters, query objects, and even test design ideas, clearly adding value to the visualization. When these two technologies are combined, a need arises for 3D user interfaces (3D UIs), which provide interactivity within an immersive VE. Throughout our discussion of these technologies, we draw upon our own experience with two interactive VEs for engineering - AMADEUS and Virtual-SAP. Copyright ASCE 2006.

关键词： Information technology

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Workshop on SIGCHI public policy

Workshop on SIGCHI public policy

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Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 2006

作者： Bederson, Benjamin B. Lazar, Jonathan Johnson, Jeff Hochheiser, Harry Karat, Clare-Marie Human-Computer Interaction Lab Computer Science Dept. University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Towson University 8000 York Road Towson MD 21252 United States UI Wizards Inc. 231 Moscow St. San Francisco CA 94112 United States 333 Cassell Drive Baltimore MD 21224 United States Hawthorne NY 10532 United States

In this paper we describe the goals of a one-day workshop to be held at CHI 2006 whose goal is to form an action plan for the SIGCHI U.S. Public Policy committee for the next year.

ISBN: (纸本)1595932984

In this paper we describe the goals of a one-day workshop to be held at CHI 2006 whose goal is to form an action plan for the SIGCHI U.S. Public Policy committee for the next year.

关键词： Public policy

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