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A Dual-Prompting for Interpretable Mental Health Language Models 9

A Dual-Prompting for Interpretable Mental Health Language Mo...

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9th Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology, CLPsych 2024

作者： Jeon, Hyolim Yoo, Dongje Lee, Daeun Son, Sejung Kim, Seungbae Han, Jinyoung Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Human-AI Interaction Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul Korea Republic of Computer Science & Engineering Department University of South Florida TampaFL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798891760806

Despite the increasing demand for AI-based mental health monitoring tools, their practical utility for clinicians is limited by the lack of interpretability. The CLPsych 2024 Shared Task1 aims to enhance the interpretability of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in mental health analysis, by providing evidence of suicidality through linguistic content. We propose a dual-prompting approach: (i) Knowledge-aware evidence extraction by leveraging the expert identity and a suicide dictionary with a mental health-specific LLM;and (ii) Evidence summarization by employing an LLM-based consistency evaluator. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of combining domain-specific information, revealing performance improvements and the approach’s potential to aid clinicians in assessing mental state progression. ©2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Predicting the Noticeability of Dynamic Virtual Elements in Virtual Reality 24

Predicting the Noticeability of Dynamic Virtual Elements in ...

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Proceedings of the CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Zhipeng Li Yi Fei Cheng Yukang Yan David Lindlbauer Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States and Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University China Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400703300

While Virtual Reality (VR) systems can present virtual elements such as notifications anywhere, designing them so they are not missed by or distracting to users is highly challenging for content creators. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel approach to predict the noticeability of virtual elements. It computes the visual saliency distribution of what users see, and analyzes the temporal changes of the distribution with respect to the dynamic virtual elements that are animated. The computed features serve as input for a long short-term memory (LSTM) model that predicts whether a virtual element will be noticed. Our approach is based on data collected from 24 users in different VR environments performing tasks such as watching a video or typing. We evaluate our approach (n = 12), and show that it can predict the timing of when users notice a change to a virtual element within 2.56 sec compared to a ground truth, and demonstrate the versatility of our approach with a set of applications. We believe that our predictive approach opens the path for computational design tools that assist VR content creators in creating interfaces that automatically adapt virtual elements based on noticeability.

关键词： Computational interaction Mixed Reality Virtual Reality

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How are ML-Based Online Content Moderation Systems Actually Used? Studying Community Size, Local Activity, and Disparate Treatment 22

How are ML-Based Online Content Moderation Systems Actually ...

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5th ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, FAccT 2022

作者： Wang, Leijie Zhu, Haiyi Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450393522

Machine learning-based predictive systems are increasingly used to assist online groups and communities in various content moderation tasks. However, there are limited quantitative understandings of whether and how different groups and communities use such predictive systems differently according to their community characteristics. In this research, we conducted a field evaluation of how content moderation systems are used in 17 Wikipedia language communities. We found that 1) larger communities tend to use predictive systems to identify the most damaging edits, while smaller communities tend to use them to identify any edit that could be damaging;2) predictive systems are used less in content areas where there are more local editing activities;3) predictive systems have mixed effects on reducing disparate treatment between anonymous and registered editors across communities of different characteristics. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical implications for future human-centered moderation algorithms. © 2022 Owner/Author.

关键词： Online systems

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Evaluating the Feasibility of Predicting Information Relevance During Sensemaking with Eye Gaze Data

Evaluating the Feasibility of Predicting Information Relevan...

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International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Ibrahim A. Tahmid Lee Lisle Kylie Davidson Kirsten Whitley Chris North Doug A. Bowman Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech US Department of Defense

Eye gaze patterns vary based on reading purpose and complexity, and can provide insights into a reader’s perception of the content. We hypothesize that during a complex sensemaking task with many text-based documents, we will be able to use eye-tracking data to predict the importance of documents and words, which could be the basis for intelligent suggestions made by the system to an analyst. We introduce a novel eye-gaze metric called ‘GazeScore’ that predicts an analyst’s perception of the relevance of each document and word when they perform a sensemaking task. We conducted a user study to assess the effectiveness of this metric and found strong evidence that documents and words with high GazeScores are perceived as more relevant, while those with low GazeScores were considered less relevant. We explore potential real-time applications of this metric to facilitate immersive sensemaking tasks by offering relevant suggestions.

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Opportunities for Serious Game Technologies to Engage Children with Autism in a Pakistani Sociocultural and Institutional Context: An investigation of the design space for serious game technologies to enhance engagement of children with autism and to facilitate external support provided 34

Opportunities for Serious Game Technologies to Engage Childr...

引用

34th Australian computer-human interaction Conference: Connected Creativity, OzCHI 2022

作者： Muneeb, Sara Sitbon, Laurianne Ahmad, Faizan Research Center for Human Computer Interaction Comsats University Islamabad Lahore Campus Pakistan Department of Computer Science Queensland University of Technology Australia Department of Computer Science School of Technologies Cardiff Metropolitan University United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700248

Usability and design of serious game technologies have been widely investigated as academic interventions tools for children with autism. However, besides the technology, the sociocultural and institutional context also impacts the gameplay activities of children with autism as well as the external support provided by instructors. Therefore, this paper investigates i) the impact of sociocultural and institutional context over the engagement of children with autism with serious game technologies, ii) the types of external support children with autism are offered or require during gameplay session, and iii) the type of rewards and encouragers that can act as unbiased support to increase the engagement of the children with autism during gameplay. This paper investigates these factors with an inductive analysis of educational gameplay activities of 23 children with autism in Lahore, Pakistan. Our study found that sociocultural and institutional context has substantial impact over the gameplay activities of children with autism. Children required both physical and verbal support during the gameplay activities, and institutional context influences the behavior of instructors as well. Finally, dynamic animations, rewards and encouragers can keep the children engaged for longer in the gameplay. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Serious games

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Spaces to Think: A Comparison of Small, Large, and Immersive Displays for the Sensemaking Process

Spaces to Think: A Comparison of Small, Large, and Immersive...

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International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Lee Lisle Kylie Davidson Leonardo Pavanatto Ibrahim A. Tahmid Chris North Doug A. Bowman Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech Department of Computer Science Sanghani Center Virginia Tech

Analysts need to process large amounts of data in order to extract concepts, themes, and plans of action based upon their findings. Different display technologies offer varying levels of space and interaction methods that change the way users can process data using them. In a comparative study, we investigated how the use of single traditional monitor, a large, high-resolution two-dimensional monitor, and immersive three-dimensional space using the Immersive Space to Think approach impact the sensemaking process. We found that user satisfaction grows and frustration decreases as available space increases. We observed specific strategies users employ in the various conditions to assist with the processing of datasets. We also found an increased usage of spatial memory as space increased, which increases performance in artifact position recall tasks. In future systems supporting sensemaking, we recommend using display technologies that provide users with large amounts of space to organize information and analysis artifacts.

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Personalization Trade-offs in Designing a Dialogue-based Information System for Support-Seeking of Sexual Violence Survivors 22

Personalization Trade-offs in Designing a Dialogue-based Inf...

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2022 CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2022

作者： Kim, Hyeok Hwang, Youjin Lee, Jieun Kwon, Youngjin Park, Yujin Lee, Joonhwan Computer Science Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Human-Computer Interaction+Design Lab. Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391573

The lack of reliable, personalized information often complicates sexual violence survivors' support-seeking. Recently, there is an emerging approach to conversational information systems for support-seeking of sexual violence survivors, featuring personalization with wide availability and anonymity. However, a single best solution might not exist as sexual violence survivors have different needs and purposes in seeking support channels. To better envision conversational support-seeking systems for sexual violence survivors, we explore personalization trade-offs in designing such information systems. We implement a high-fidelity prototype dialogue-based information system through four design workshop sessions with three professional caregivers and interviewed with four self-identified survivors using our prototype. We then identify two forms of personalization trade-offs for conversational support-seeking systems: (1) specificity and sensitivity in understanding users and (2) relevancy and inclusiveness in providing information. To handle these trade-offs, we propose a reversed approach that starts from designing information and inclusive tailoring that considers unspecified needs, respectively. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Information systems

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Tactile Comfort: Lowering Heart Rate Through interactions with a Pocket Robot

Tactile Comfort: Lowering Heart Rate Through Interactions wi...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Morten Roed Frederiksen Kasper Stoy Maja Matarić Interaction Lab at the University of Southern California Computer Science Department The IT-University of Copenhagen

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

Children diagnosed with anxiety disorders are taught a range of strategies to navigate situations of heightened anxiety. Techniques such as deep breathing and repetition of mantras are commonly employed, as they are known to be calming and reduce elevated heart rates. Although these strategies are often effective, their successful application relies on prior training of the children for successful use when faced with challenging situations. This paper investigates a pocket-sized companion robot designed to offer a relaxation technique requiring no prior training, with a focus on immediate impact on the user’s heart rate. The robot utilizes a tactile game to divert the user’s attention, thereby promoting relaxation. We conducted two studies with children who were not diagnosed with anxiety: a 14-day pilot study with two children (age 8) and a main study with 18 children (ages 7-8). Both studies employed a within-subjects design and focused on measuring heart rate during tactile interaction with the robot and during non-use. Interacting with the robot was found to significantly lower the study participants’ heart rate (p<0.01) compared to the nonuse condition, indicating a consistent calming effect across all participants. These results suggest that tactile companion robots have the potential to enhance the therapeutic value of relaxation techniques.

关键词： Heart rate Training Pediatrics Atmospheric measurements Navigation Anxiety disorders Games Particle measurements Rhythm Robots

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CLUE HOG: An Immersive Competitive Lock-Unlock Experience using Hook On Go-Go Technique for Authentication in the Metaverse

CLUE HOG: An Immersive Competitive Lock-Unlock Experience us...

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Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), IEEE Conference on

作者： Alexander Giovannelli Francielly Rodrigues Shakiba Davari Ibrahim A. Tahmid Logan Lane Cherelle Connor Kylie Davidson Gabriella N. Ramirez Brendan David-John Doug A. Bowman Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA

This paper presents our solution to the 2023 3DUI Contest challenge. Our goal was to provide an immersive VR experience to engage users in privately securing and accessing information in the Metaverse while improving authentication-related interactions inside our virtual environment. To achieve this goal, we developed an authentication method that uses a virtual environment's individual assets as security tokens. To improve the token selection process, we introduce the HOG interaction technique. HOG combines two classic interaction techniques, Hook and Go-Go, and improves approximate object targeting and further obfuscation of user password token selections. We created an engaging mystery-solving mini-game to demonstrate our authentication method and interaction technique.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Metaverse Conferences Authentication Passwords User interfaces Observers

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A Communication-Focused Framework for Understanding Immersive Collaboration Experiences

A Communication-Focused Framework for Understanding Immersiv...

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Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), IEEE Conference on

作者： Jerald Thomas Sang Won Lee Alexander Giovannelli Logan Lane Doug Bowman Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA

The ability to collaborate with other people across barriers created by time and/or space is one of the greatest features of modern communication. Immersive technologies are positioned to enhance this ability to collaborate even further. However, we do not have a firm understanding of how specific immersive technologies, or components thereof, alter the ability for two or more people to communicate, and hence collaborate. In this work-in-progress position paper, we propose a new framework for immersive collaboration experiences and provide an example of how it could be used to understand a hybrid collaboration among two co-located users and one remote user. We are seeking feedback from the community before conducting a formal evaluation of the framework. We also present some future work that this framework could facilitate.

关键词： Social computing Solid modeling Three-dimensional displays Conferences Computational modeling Collaboration Virtual reality

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