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arXiv 2019年

作者： Luo, Ying Zhao, Hai Zhang, Zhuosheng Tang, Bingjie The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Minhang District Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Minhang District Shanghai China MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence AI Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Minhang District Shanghai China The Department of Computer Science University of Southern California United States

In this paper, we report our discovery on named entity distribution in a general word embedding space, which helps an open definition on multilingual named entity definition rather than previous closed and constraint definition on named entities through a named entity dictionary, which is usually derived from human labor and replies on schedule update. Our initial visualization of monolingual word embeddings indicates named entities tend to gather together despite of named entity types and language difference, which enable us to model all named entities using a specific geometric structure inside embedding space, namely, the named entity hypersphere. For monolingual cases, the proposed named entity model gives an open description of diverse named entity types and different languages. For cross-lingual cases, mapping the proposed named entity model provides a novel way to build a named entity dataset for resource-poor languages. At last, the proposed named entity model may be shown as a handy clue to enhance state-of-the-art named entity recognition systems generally. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

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Selfies as social movements: Influences on participation and perceived impact on stereotypes

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Proceedings of the ACM on human-computer interaction 2017年第CSCW期1卷 1-21页

作者： Liu, Fannie Ford, Denae Parnin, Chris Dabbish, Laura Human-Computer Interaction Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave. PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Campus Box 8206 890 Oval Dr. RaleighNC27695 United States

A new kind of online movement has emerged on social media: identity hashtag movements, through which individuals share "selfies" and personal stories to elucidate the experiences of marginalized social groups. These movements have the potential to counteract bias and enable social justice, but are enacted in a forum rife with identity and boundary management concerns. To understand this type of movement, we present a qualitative study of #ILookLikeAnEngineer, a hashtag created to challenge engineering stereotypes. We interviewed 32 people, including participants and non-participants of the movement, about their experiences with the hashtag. We found that personally identifiable participation promoted feelings of empowerment and strengthened connections within the marginalized community. At the same time, the personal and professional identity focus raised ambiguity about the boundaries of the collective and the movement's ability to change stereotypes. We discuss implications for online collective action and the use of social media for addressing stereotypes. © 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Social networking (online)

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Not just functional, nutritious, but also experiential: Designing eating experiences for space travel 69

Not just functional, nutritious, but also experiential: Desi...

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69th International Astronautical Congress: #InvolvingEveryone, IAC 2018

作者： Obrist, Marianna Tu, Yunwen Yao, Lining Velasco, Carlos Sussex Computer Human Interaction Lab School of Engineering and Informatics University of Sussex Chichester 1 BrightonBN1 9QJ United Kingdom Food Design 322 Crestview Circle Daly CityCA United States Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science 5000 Forbes Ave PittsburghPA15213 United States Center for Multisensory Marketing Department of Marketing BI Norwegian Business School Nydalsveien 37 Oslo0484 Norway

In light of short- and long-term space travels to the Moon and Mars, it is essential to design nutritious foods, but also to make eating an enjoyable experience. To date, though, most research on space food design emphasizes the functional and nutritional aspects of food, but there are no systematic studies that focus is on the human experience of eating in space. We know however that food has a multi-dimensional and multisensorial role in societies and that sensory, hedonic, and social features of eating and food design should not be underestimated. We present, how research in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) can provide a user-centered design approach to co-create innovative ideas around the future of food and eating in space, balancing functional and experiential factors. Based on our research and inspired by advances in human food-interaction design, we developed three design concepts that integrate and tackle four crucial challenges for 'Eating in Space': to be functional, sensorial, emotional, and social. Moreover, we consider the environmental/atmospheric perspective in our design concepts. We can particularly capitalize on recent technological advances around digital fabrication, food 3D printing technology, and virtual and augmented reality to enable the design and integration of multisensory eating experiences. We also highlight that in future space travels, the target users will diversify. Thinking about future target users, we need to look at astronauts (current users, paid to do the job) but also beyond and consider paying customers (non-astronauts) who will be able to book a space holiday to the Moon or Mars. To create the right conditions for space travelling and to satisfy those users, we need to innovate beyond the initial excitement of designing an 'eating like an astronaut' experience and design for experiences beyond the novelty of the situation. To do so we can draw upon prior HCI research in human food-interaction design and build

关键词： human computer interaction

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Correction to: Integrating Social Assistive Robots, IoT, Virtual Communities and Smart Objects to Assist at-Home Independently Living Elders: the MoveCare Project

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International Journal of Social Robotics 2022年第9期14卷 2045-2045页

作者： Luperto, Matteo Monroy, Javier Renoux, Jennifer Lunardini, Francesca Basilico, Nicola Bulgheroni, Maria Cangelosi, Angelo Cesari, Matteo Cid, Manuel Ianes, Aladar Gonzalez-Jimenez, Javier Kounoudes, Anastasis Mari, David Prisacariu, Victor Savanovic, Arso Ferrante, Simona Borghese, N. Alberto Applied Intelligent System Lab Department of Computer Science University of Milan Milano Italy Machine Perception and Intelligent Robotics Group (MAPIR) Department of System Engineering and Automation University of Malaga and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga–IBIMA Malaga Spain Machine Perception and Interaction Lab Örebro University Örebro Sweden NearLab Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Milano Italy AB.Acus SRL Milan Italy University of Manchester Manchester UK IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri University of Milan Milan Italy Junta de Extremadura Merida Spain Korian Milan Italy SignalGeneriX Limassol Cyprus EURECAT Barcelona Spain University of Oxford Oxford UK Smart Com Ljubjana Slovenia

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The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children

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Nature Communications 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Reiner, Robert C. Welgan, Catherine A. Troeger, Christopher E. Baumann, Mathew M. Weiss, Daniel J. Deshpande, Aniruddha Blacker, Brigette F. Miller-Petrie, Molly K. Earl, Lucas Bhatt, Samir Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Aghaali, Mohammad Aji, Budi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Saqib Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Saeed Amugsi, Dickson A. Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Ansari, Fereshteh Anvari, Davood Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Atout, Maha Moh’d Wahbi Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Badawi, Alaa Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Bedi, Neeraj Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bijani, Ali Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Butt, Zahid A. Car, Josip Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel C. Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Coelho, Camila H. Cook, Aubrey J. Damiani, Giovanni Daoud, Farah Gela, Jiregna Darega Darwish, Amira Hamed Daryani, Ahmad Das, Jai K. Davis Weaver, Nicole Deribe, Kebede Desalew, Assefa Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dorostkar, Fariba Dubljanin, Eleonora Duko, Bereket Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura Effiong, Andem El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enany, Shymaa Fattahi, Nazir Feigin, Valery L. Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A. Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Foroutan, Masoud Frostad, Joseph Jon Fukumoto, Takeshi Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gebrekrstos, Hailemikael Gebrekidan G. K. Gebremeskel, Leake Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Gething, Peter W. Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Gubar Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Population Health Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom Iran Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Jenderal Soedirman University Purwokerto Indonesia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center Department of Veterans Affairs St Louis MO United States Institute of Health Research University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Health Policy and Management Kuwait University Safat Kuwait International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding National University of Malaysia Bandar Tun Razak Malaysia Department of Epidemiology Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Medical Research Center

Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Biogeography Epidemiology Infectious diseases Malaria

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Instructions for creating passwords: How do they help in password creation 31

Instructions for creating passwords: How do they help in pas...

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31st International BCS human computer interaction Conference: Digital Make Believe, HCI 2017

作者： Althubaiti, Saja Petrie, Helen Human Computer Interaction Research Group Department of Computer Science University of York YorkYO10 5GH United Kingdom

User instructions in the form of password policy or creation suggestion play an important role in helping users understand and comply with the requirements of a password creation system (PCS). Current implementations of user instructions are very varied and May cause users confusion as they move from one PCS to another which can in turn affect their password choice. Therefore, this paper investigates what kinds of instructions are provided by PCSs to support users in creating passwords and how the most frequently used instructions affect users’ password creation behaviour. An analysis of a total of 95 instructions were extracted from 27 PCSs was undertaken. Based on this analysis, an online study with 117 respondents investigated how the most frequently used instructions affect users’ password creation behaviour. The results revealed that current implementations of user instructions for password policy and creation suggestion in the PCSs do not match users’ need in creating passwords. Users prefer declarative policy before they interact with a PCS. However, they prefer procedural policy during and after their interaction with a PCS. For creation suggestions, users prefer declarative suggestions before, during and after interaction with a PCS. © Althubaiti et al.

关键词： Authentication

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Perceptions of the risks of password related activities 31

Perceptions of the risks of password related activities

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31st International BCS human computer interaction Conference: Digital Make Believe, HCI 2017

作者： Merdenyan, Burak Petrie, Helen Human Computer Interaction Research Group Department of Computer Science University of York YorkYO10 5GH United Kingdom

Many studies have investigated people’s risky password related activities such as writing down passwords, sharing them with other people and re-using them across accounts, but few studies have investigated people’s perceptions of the risks of these activities. This paper reports on an online survey with 129 people rating the risks of 11 different password related activities in four domains (social networking, email, eBanking and eCommerce). There were fewer differences between the perceived riskiness of activities due to domain than expected, but differences between the activities and the numbers of respondents who said they would engage in the different activities. There were interesting patterns of differences in the ratings of the riskiness, severity of the consequences, usefulness and likelihood of encountering the different activities, which May help explain why people undertake risky password activities. © Merdenyan et al.

关键词： Risk perception

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Dual co-matching network for multi-choice reading comprehension

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhang, Shuailiang Zhao, Hai Wu, Yuwei Zhang, Zhuosheng Zhou, Xi Zhou, Xiang Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence AI Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China CloudWalk Technology Shanghai China

Multi-choice reading comprehension is a challenging task to select an answer from a set of candidates when given passage and question. This work proposes dual co-matching network which models the relationship among passage, question and answer bidirectionally. The experimental results on RACE, ROCStories and COIN Shared Task 1 show that our model obtains state-of-the-art results and even the single model outperforms the human performance on RACE dataset. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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DCMN+: Dual Co-matching network for multi-choice reading comprehension

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

Multi-choice reading comprehension is a challenging task to select an answer from a set of candidate options when given passage and question. Previous approaches usually only calculate question-aware passage representation and ignore passage-aware question representation when modeling the relationship between passage and question, which obviously cannot take the best of information between passage and question. In this work, we propose dual co-matching network (DCMN) which models the relationship among passage, question and answer options bidirectionally. Besides, inspired by how human solve multi-choice questions, we integrate two reading strategies into our model: (i) passage sentence selection that finds the most salient supporting sentences to answer the question, (ii) answer option interaction that encodes the comparison information between answer options. DCMN integrated with the two strategies (DCMN+) obtains state-of-the-art results on five multi-choice reading comprehension datasets which are from different domains: RACE, SemEval-2018 Task 11, ROCStories, COIN, MCTest. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词：

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Design, Development and Control of a Three Flexible-Fingers Gripper Based On Hand Gesture

Design, Development and Control of a Three Flexible-Fingers ...

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RSI/ISM International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ICROM)

作者： Rasoul Sadeghian Pooyan Sedigh Parastoo Azizinezhad Shahrooz Shahin Mehdi Tale Masouleh Human and Robot Interaction Laboratory Tehran Iran Department of Biomedical Engineering Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Faculty of Electrical and Computer Science Robotic Engineering Tehran North Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Human and Robot Interaction Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781728101286;9781728101279

In this paper, the process of design, and construction of a flexible gripper with three fingers is presented. The fingers of the proposed gripper are fabricated using a 3D printing device. The gripper is controlled remotely by an autonomous glove which is designed to help people with disability. In order to ameliorate the movement accuracy of the gripper a Fuzzy-PID controller is implemented on the system. The result of experimental tests demonstrate a decrease of the gripper movement error to less than 2 degrees in average. An ultrasonic sensor is set on the gripper's body to improve the grasping process by detecting the distance of the object to the gripper. The fabricated fingers are flexible and provides the ability of grasping the objects with irregular shapes. The experimental test approves the significant performance of the gripper in term of grasping complex shape objects.

关键词： Grippers Grasping Flexible printed circuits Robot sensing systems Shape Kalman filters

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