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Digital Fabrication Technology in the Library: Where We Are and Where We Are Going

Bulletin of the Association for Information science and Technology 2016年第1期42卷

作者： Stephanie C. Prato public librarian Lauren Britton PhD candidate MLIS Syracuse University. She is a graduate of the School of Information Studies at Syracuse University (2012). She is committed to providing community members with tools opportunities and experiences that will enable them to be self-motivated lifelong learners. Stephanie is interested in creating dynamic hands-on learning opportunities in libraries especially around making STEM topics and digital creation. With experience in youth services technology and instruction she delights in helping people of all ages discover what the 21st century public library can do. Information science and technology at Syracuse University. Her research lies at the intersection of human computer interaction and social theory with particular interest in feminist science and technology studies and ubiquitous computing. Lauren's dissertation work explores the relationship between the human body and embedded/implanted technology. Lauren is a student researcher with the BITS Lab at Syracuse University.

EDITOR'S SUMMARY Makerspaces are environments where crafters and techies can come together to create, share and learn. Many libraries support the maker movement by providing access to a variety of technologies from sewing machines and looms to recording equipment and production tools, an expansion of services that is in line with promoting literacy, community and lifelong learning. About one third of makerspaces charged a fee or required membership in 2013, though some, including libraries and museums, are supported by major funding agencies. Digital fabrication technology or 3D printers are increasingly available through library-based makerspaces and extend opportunities for STEM education, but libraries face challenges from high initial and ongoing costs, user training and even encouraging users in 3D thinking and design. 3D printers can be a powerful stimulus for creativity, learning and sharing, even promoting jobs and community development.

关键词： digital modeling and fabrication makerspaces 3D printers library and archival services access to resources diffusion of innovation lifelong learning creativity communities

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Who Blocks Who: Simultaneous Segmentation of Occluded Objects

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Journal of computer science & Technology 2013年第5期28卷 890-906页

作者：王楠艾海舟汤锋 Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Multimedia Interaction and Understanding Lab HP Labs

In this paper we present a simultaneous segmentation algorithm for multiple highly-occluded objects, which combines high-level knowledge and low-level information in a unified framework. The high-level knowledge provides sophis- ticated shape priors with the consideration of blocking relationship between nearby objects. Different from conventional layered model which attempts to solve the full ordering problem, we decompose the problem into a series of pairwise ones and this makes our algorithm scalable to a large number of objects. Objects are segmented in pixel level with higher-order soft constraints from superpixels, by a dual-level conditional random field. The model is optimized alternately by object layout and pixel-wise segmentation. V^e evaluate our system on different objects, i.e., clothing and pedestrian, and show impressive segmentation results and significant improvement over state-of-the-art segmentation algorithms.

关键词： object segmentation occlusion reasoning object graph conditional random field random forest,

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An interface for remote robotic manipulator control that reduces task load and fatigue

An interface for remote robotic manipulator control that red...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Robot and human Interactive Communication: "Living Together, Enjoying Together, and Working Together with Robots!", IEEE RO-MAN 2013

作者： Singh, Ashish Seo, Stela H. Hashish, Yasmeen Nakane, Masayuki Young, James E. Bunt, Andrea Human-Computer Interaction Lab Computer Science University of Manitoba Canada University of Manitoba Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781479905072

Remote control robots are being found in an increasing number of application domains, including search and rescue, exploration, and reconnaissance. There is a large body of HRI research that investigates interface design for remote navigation, control, and sensor monitoring, while aiming for interface enhancements that benefit the remote operator such as improving ease of use, reducing operator mental load, and maximizing awareness of a robot's state and remote environment. Even though many remote control robots have multi-degree-of-freedom robotic manipulator arms for interacting with the environment, there is only limited research into easy-to-use remote control interfaces for such manipulators, and many commercial robotic products are still using simplistic interface technologies such as keypads or gamepads with arbitrary mappings to arm morphology. In this paper, we present an original interface for the remote control of a multi-degree of freedom robotic arm. We conducted a controlled experiment to compare our interface to an existing commercial keypad interface and detail our results that indicate our interface was easier to use, required less cognitive task load, and enabled people to complete tasks more quickly. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Initial results from a critical review of research on technology for older and disabled people

Initial results from a critical review of research on techno...

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15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on computers and Accessibility, ASSETS 2013

作者： Gallagher, Bláithín Petrie, Helen Human Computer Interaction Research Group Department of Computer Science University of York United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450324052

In light of changing demographics and an ageing population, research on new technologies to support older people and people with disabilities in independent living is vital. This paper will present the results to date of a review, currently being undertaken, of recent research on new and emerging technologies designed for older people and people with disabilities. The review covers research published between 2005 and 2012 in a range of international peer-reviewed journals and conferences, in the areas of technology, human-computer interaction, disability and assistive devices. On the basis of this review of research, we are exploring what problems of older and disabled people are being addressed by researchers and developers;whether the research is motivated by user needs;the methodologies used and outcomes presented. First results will be presented in the poster. © Copyright 2010 ACM.

关键词： Assistive technology

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Sensory stimuli in gaming interaction: The potential of games in the intervention for children with cerebral palsy

Sensory stimuli in gaming interaction: The potential of game...

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IEEE Games Media Entertainment (GEM)

作者： Eliza Oliveira Glauco Sousa Tatiana Aires Tavares Patricia Tanner LAVID - Digital Video Applications Lab Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB) João Pessoa Brazil Human Computer Interaction Department State University of New York at Oswego Oswego USA

One of the challenges that children with cerebral palsy (CP) face is their inability to enjoy playing. Due to their motor disabilities, it is very difficult for these children to play with toys as other kids do. Therefore, disabilities resulting from CP can make childhood games very burdensome. Currently, computer systems are increasingly dedicated to providing users with more sophisticated sensory experiences. Also, games have explored the individual skills of people, in terms of action, interaction and immersion of the game users. Providing these disabled users with an engaging environment could ultimately help them explore the world of movement and motor skills. In this paper, we approach these features by exploring gaming interaction and the potential of sensory stimuli. Our main goal is to discuss the importance of designing games that are considerate of children with cerebral palsy. Many games work with interactivity, but interactivity, alone, is not enough when the goal is to achieve more than entertainment. A better approach may consider sensory stimulation as a gaming interaction. The best way to do this is to introduce synesthesia into the design. Accordingly, we will discuss synesthetic features in virtual environments prior to describing the scenario of how this concept may affect children with cerebral palsy. Accompanying this discussion, a review of related works is described in order to understand the potential use of games in the intervention of children with cerebral palsy.

关键词： Games Pediatrics Virtual reality Image color analysis Painting Muscles

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Web accessibility for older adults: Effects of line spacing and text justification on reading web pages

Web accessibility for older adults: Effects of line spacing ...

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15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on computers and Accessibility, ASSETS 2013

作者： Petrie, Helen Kamollimsakul, Sorachai Power, Christopher Human Computer Interaction Research Group Department of Computer Science University of York United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450324052

Numerous guidelines for making websites more accessible for older users have been proposed, but few provide evidence from such users for their recommendations This study investigated effects of line spacing and text justification on younger (24 - 31 years) and older (65 - 78 years) adults' performance and preferences in web reading tasks. The three levels of line spacing (single, 1.5, and double) and 2 types of text justification (left only and left-right) were studied. Neither variable had a significant effect on performance measures, although both younger and older adults preferred 1.5 or double spacing over single spacing. There were no significant differences in preferences for left versus left-right justification. These results suggest that contrary to common recommendations, 1.5 or double spacing should be recommended for all users, not only older users and that no recommendation is needed on text justification. Copyright 2013 ACM.

关键词： Websites

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Motif simplification: Improving network visualization readability with fan, connector, and clique glyphs 13

Motif simplification: Improving network visualization readab...

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31st Annual CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems: Changing Perspectives, CHI 2013

作者： Dunne, Cody Shneiderman, Ben Department of Computer Science Human-Computer Interaction Lab. University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450318990

Analyzing networks involves understanding the complex relationships between entities, as well as any attributes they may have. The widely used node-link diagrams excel at this task, but many are difficult to extract meaning from because of the inherent complexity of the relationships and limited screen space. To help address this problem we introduce a technique called motif simplification, in which common patterns of nodes and links are replaced with compact and meaningful glyphs. Well-designed glyphs have several benefits: they (1) require less screen space and layout effort, (2) are easier to understand in the context of the network, (3) can reveal otherwise hidden relationships, and (4) preserve as much underlying information as possible. We tackle three frequently occurring and high-payoff motifs: fans of nodes with a single neighbor, connectors that link a set of anchor nodes, and cliques of completely connected nodes. We contribute design guidelines for motif glyphs;example glyphs for the fan, connector, and clique motifs;algorithms for detecting these motifs;a free and open source reference implementation;and results from a controlled study of 36 participants that demonstrates the effectiveness of motif simplification. Copyright 2013 ACM.

关键词： Visualization

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Game-based learning system using graduated-interval recall method

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International Conference on IT Convergence and Security, ICITCS 2012

作者： Jin, Ming Kim, Yoon Sang Human Interaction Lab. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Korea Tech. Cheonan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9789400758599

Currently, research is actively being conducted on applying games to education. However, existing game-based learning systems mainly focus on how to increase learning motivation and enhance engagement, while achieving less success on how to make further improvements on the effectiveness of learning. To improve on these points, this paper proposes a game-based learning system using graduated-interval recall method to organize game contents and learning courses with appropriate review intervals according to learners' status. The proposed system has been verified through comparative learning effectiveness tests between two learning groups, in which one group engaged in learning with the proposed system and the other with an existing system. © 2013 Springer science+Business Media.

关键词： Learning systems

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Recognizing Slow Eye Movement for Driver Fatigue Detection with Machine Learning Approach

Recognizing Slow Eye Movement for Driver Fatigue Detection w...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Yingying Jiao Yong Peng Bao-Liang Lu Xiaoping Chen Shanguang Chen Chunhui Wang Department of Computer Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering China Astronaut Research and Training Center

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914821

Slow eye movement (SEM) regarded as a sign of onset of sleep is very significant for detecting driver fatigue, but its characteristics and detection algorithm have been rarely involved in the study of driver fatigue detection. In this study, some new features were extracted based on wavelet singularity analysis and statistics to detect SEMs. Six subjects participated in this simulated driving experiment, and for each subject, a more than 2 hours electro-oculogram (EOG) session was recorded. Each session was divided into SEM epochs and non-SEM epochs according to the common judgments made by the two of three experts by the visual recognition criteria of SEMs. Regarding the problem of detecting SEMs as an imbalance classification problem, and through the under-sampling and over-sampling methods a 2s horizontal electro-oculogram (HEO) signal could finally be recognized as the category of SEMs or non-SEMs with the classifiers SVM, GELM, and KNN respectively. Results prove that the proposed features was a little better than the wavelet energy features, and through the combination of the wavelet energy features and the new features based on wavelet singularity analysis and statistics, the classification results were improved obviously.

关键词： Continuous wavelet transforms Feature extraction Wavelet analysis Sleep Fatigue

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Volume cracker: A bimanual 3D interaction technique for analysis of raw volumetric data 13

Volume cracker: A bimanual 3D interaction technique for anal...

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1st ACM Symposium on Spatial User interaction, SUI 2013

作者： Laha, Bireswar Bowman, Doug A. Department of Computer Science Center for Human Computer Interaction Virginia Tech 2202 Kraft Drive Blacksburg VA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450321419

Analysis of volume datasets often involves peering inside the volume to understand internal structures. Traditional approaches involve removing part of the volume through slicing, but this can result in the loss of context. Focus+context visualization techniques can distort part of the volume, or can assume prior definition of a region of interest or segmentation of layers of the volume. We propose a new bimanual 3D interaction technique, called Volume Cracker (VC), which allows the user to crack open a raw volume like a book to analyze the internal structures. VC preserves context by always displaying all the voxels, and by connecting the sub-volumes with curves joining the cracked faces. We discuss the design choices that we made, based on observations from prior user studies, input from domain scientists, and design studios. We also report the results of a user study comparing VC with a standard desktop interaction technique and a standard 3D bimanual interaction technique. The study used tasks from two categories of a generic volume analysis task taxonomy. We found VC had significant advantages over the other two techniques for search and pattern recognition tasks. Copyright © ACM 2013.

关键词： Virtual reality

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