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2013 5th International Workshop on Social Software Engineering, SSE 2013

作者： Blincoe, Kelly Valetto, Giuseppe Damian, Daniela Computer Science Department Drexel University Philadelphia PA United States Software Engineering Global Interaction Lab. University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450323130

In this paper, we describe a way to identify the critical coordination needs that exist in a software development project through post-mortem content analysis and manual coding of task pairs. Our coding scheme provides guidelines on how to score the strength of the relationship of task pairs based on four characteristics. Such a method and coding scheme has the potential to become a research tool that can be used within the community of researchers and practitioners interested in the sociotechnical aspects of software development to identify coordination needs for their analysis in future studies. We seek community feedback to help improve the proposed coding scheme. Copyright 2013 ACM.

关键词： Software design

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Do all task dependencies require coordination? The role of task properties in identifying critical coordination needs in software projects 2013

Do all task dependencies require coordination? The role of t...

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2013 9th Joint Meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering, ESEC/FSE 2013

ISBN: (纸本)9781450322379

Several methods exist to detect the coordination needs within software teams. Evidence exists that developers' awareness about coordination needs improves work performance. Distinguishing with certainty between critical and trivial coordination needs and identifying and prioritizing which specific tasks a pair of developers should coordinate about remains an open problem. We investigate what work dependencies should be considered when establishing coordination needs within a development team. We use our conceptualization of work dependencies named Proximity and leverage machine learning techniques to analyze what additional task properties are indicative of coordination needs. In a case study of the Mylyn project, we were able to identify from all potential coordination requirements a subset of 17% that are most critical. We define critical coordination requirements as those that can cause the most disruption to task duration when left unmanaged. These results imply that coordination awareness tools could be enhanced to make developers aware of only the coordination needs that can bring about the highest performance benefit. Copyright 2013 ACM.

关键词： Software design

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Poster: Volume Cracker: A bimanual 3D interaction technique for analysis of raw volumetric data

Poster: Volume Cracker: A bimanual 3D interaction technique ...

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IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI)

作者： Bireswar Laha Doug A. Bowman Center for Human-Computer Interaction and Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467360975

Volume data analysis often involves finding structures inside the volume. Segmentation is the standard method, but it is quite time-consuming. Alternate approaches remove context, assume prior definition of ROI or segments, or distort part of the volume. We propose a new bimanual 3D interaction technique, called Volume Cracker (VC), which allows the user to crack open a volume like a book to analyze the internal structures. VC preserves context by always displaying all the voxels, and by connecting the sub-volumes with curves joining the cracked faces. We discuss the various design choices that we made, based on observations from our prior user studies with volume datasets, inputs from domain scientists, and numerous design studios and brainstorming sessions. We also report the results of a user study comparing VC with a standard desktop interaction technique and a standard 3D bimanual interaction technique. The study used tasks from two categories of a volume analysis task taxonomy that we are designing in consultation with domain scientists. We found VC had significant advantages over the other two techniques for search and pattern recognition tasks.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Context Pattern recognition Data analysis Standards Data visualization Usability

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Embedding participatory design into designs for learning: An Untapped Interdisciplinary Resource?

Embedding participatory design into designs for learning: An...

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10th International Conference on computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, CSCL 2013

作者： Bonsignore, Elizabeth Ahn, June Clegg, Tamara Guha, Mona Leigh Yip, Jason C. Druin, Allison Hourcade, Juan Pablo University of Maryland Human-Computer Interaction Lab. 2117 Hornbake Bldg College Park MD 20742 United States Dept. of Computer Science University of Iowa 14 MacLean Hall Iowa City IA 52242 United States

Given the rapid evolution of social networks and online communities, interest in participatory cultures - online and offline social spaces with low barriers to entry and support for creating and sharing knowledge - is increasing. Design-based research (DBR) that invites children to share in the process of designing the technologies that support their learning is a natural extension of this participatory cultures movement. In this symposium, we establish a rationale for using Participatory Design (PD) techniques that can inform and enrich the process of designing technologies that support collaborative learning. We provide empirical examples from our own research of the ways in which PD can be incorporated into learner-centered technology designs. Our experiences demonstrate that PD is not only a key contributor in the design of learning technologies themselves, it can also be valuable resource that sheds light on the learning processes of the children who use them. © ISLS.

关键词： Design

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Experimental Evaluation of Automatic Hint Generation for a Logic Tutor

Experimental Evaluation of Automatic Hint Generation for a L...

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作者： Stamper, John Eagle, Michael Barnes, Tiffany Croy, Marvin Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC United States Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA United States Department of Philosophy University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA United States

We have augmented the Deep Thought logic tutor with a Hint Factory that generates data-driven, context-specific hints for an existing computer aided instructional tool. We investigate the impact of the Hint Factory's automatically generated hints on educational outcomes in a switching replications experiment that shows that hints help students persist in a deductive logic proofs tutor. Three instructors taught two semester-long courses, each teaching one semester using a logic tutor with hints, and one semester using the tutor without hints, controlling for the impact of different instructors on course outcomes. Our results show that students in the courses using a logic tutor augmented with automatically generated hints attempted and completed significantly more logic proof problems, were less likely to abandon the tutor, performed significantly better on a post-test implemented within the tutor, and achieved higher grades in the course. © 2013 IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data mining

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Impact of prior knowledge and teaching strategies on learning by teaching 16

Impact of prior knowledge and teaching strategies on learnin...

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Workshops at the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, AIED 2013

作者： Rodrigo, Ma. Mercedes T. Ong, Aaron Bringula, Rex Basa, Roselle S. Dela Cruz, Cecilo Matsuda, Noboru Ateneo Laboratory for the Learning Sciences Department of Information Systems and Computer Science Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City Philippines University of the East Manila Philippines Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

We investigate cognitive factors that are predictive of learning gains when students learn to solve equations by teaching a synthetic peer, called SimStudent. Previous empirical studies showed that prior knowledge is strongly predictive of post-test scores. However, in a recent study in the Philippines that replicated our previous study in the USA, there were students with low priorknowledge who tutored their SimStudent better than other equally low prior students. In this paper, we analyze both process data (tutoring interactions) and outcome data (test scores) to understand what makes learning by teaching more effective. The results imply a presence of individual behavioral differences beyond the difference in the prior knowledge that might have affected SimStudent's learning, which in turn had non-trivial influence on tutor learning.

关键词： Students

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Experiments on motivational feedback for crowdsourced workers

Experiments on motivational feedback for crowdsourced worker...

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7th International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, ICWSM 2013

作者： Lee, Tak Yeon Dugan, Casey Geyer, Werner Ratchford, Tristan Rasmussen, Jamie Shami, N. Sadat Lupushor, Stela Human-Computer Interaction Lab. Computer Science Dept. University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States IBM T.J. Watson Research Cambridge MA United States IBM Armonk NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781577356103

This paper examines the relationship between motivational design and its longitudinal effects on crowdsourcing systems. In the context of a company internal web site that crowdsources the identification of Twitter accounts owned by company employees, we designed and investigated the effects of various motivational features including individual / social achievements and gamification. Our 6-month experiment with 437 users allowed us to compare the features in terms of both quantity and quality of the work produced by participants over time. While we found that gamification can increase workers' motivation overall, the combination of motivational features also matters. Specifically, gamified social achievement is the best performing design over a longer period of time. Mixing individual and social achievements turns out to be less effective and can even encourage users to game the system. Copyright © 2013, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

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Adaptive interaction: Autility maximization approach to understanding human interaction with technology

Synthesis Lectures on Human-Centered Informatics

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Synthesis Lectures on human-Centered Informatics 2013年第1期6卷 1-113页

作者： Payne, Stephen J. Howes, Andrew Department of Computer Science University of Bath United Kingdom Department of Human-Computer Interaction School of Computer Science University of Birmingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781627051354

This lecture describes a theoretical framework for the behavioural sciences that holds high promise for theory-driven research and design in human-computer *** framework is designed to tackle the adaptive, ecological, and bounded nature of human behaviour. It is designed to help scientists and practitioners reason about why people choose to behave as they do and to explain which strategies people choose in response to utility, ecology, and cognitive information processing mechanisms. A key idea is that people choose strategies so as to maximise utility given constraints. The framework is illustrated with a number of examples including pointing, multitasking, skimreading, online purchasing, Signal Detection Theory and diagnosis, and the influence of reputation on purchasing decisions. Importantly, these examples span from perceptual/motor coordination, through cognition to social interaction. Finally, the lecture discusses the challenging idea that people seek to find optimal strategies and also discusses the implications for behavioral investigation in HCI. © 2013 by Morgan & Claypool. All rights reserved.

关键词： human computer interaction

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Web spam detection: New approach with hidden Markov models

Web spam detection: New approach with hidden Markov models

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9th Asia Information Retrieval Societies Conference on Information Retrieval Technology, AIRS 2013

作者： Torabi, Ali Asghar Taghipour, Kaveh Khadivi, Shahram Human Language Technology Lab. Department of Computer Engineering and IT Amirkabir University of Technology Iran Department of Computer Science National University of Singapore 13 Computing Drive Singapore 117417 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9783642450679

Web Spam is the result of a number of methods to deceive search engine algorithms so as to obtain higher ranks in the search results. Advanced spammers use keyword and link stuffing methods to create farms of spam pages. Most of the recent works in the web spam detection literature utilize graph based methods to enhance the accuracy of this task. This paper is basically a probabilistic approach that uses content and link based features to detect the web spam pages. Since we observe there is a high connectivity between web spam pages, we adopt a method based on Hidden Markov Model to exploit conditional dependency of a sequence of hosts and their spam/normal class distribution of each host. Experimental results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the performance of baseline classifier. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Hidden Markov models

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Accessing peer social interaction: Using authorable virtual peer technology as a component of a group social skills intervention program

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ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 2014年第1期6卷 1-29页

作者： Tartaro, Andrea Cassell, Justine Ratz, Corina Lira, Jennifer Nanclares-Nogués, Valeria Furman University Computer Science Department 3300 Poinsett Highway GreenvilleSC29609 United States Carnegie Mellon University Human Computer Interaction Institute 5000 Forbes Avenue PittsburghPA15213 United States Chicago School of Professional Psychology 325 N. Wells Street ChicagoIL60654 United States Francis W. Parker School 330 West Webster Avenue ChicagoIL60614 United States Pediatric Developmental Center Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center 836 W. Wellington Avenue ChicagoIL60657 United States

Autism spectrum and related communication and social disorders can severely affect some children's ability to engage in peer social interaction. In this article, we describe and evaluate an Authorable Virtual Peer (AVP), technology designed to help children access peer interactions by supporting them in developing critical social skills. Children interact with the AVP in three ways: (1) engaging in face-to-face interaction with a life-sized, computer-animated child;(2) creating new social behaviors for the AVP;and (3) controlling the AVP using a graphical user interface to select appropriate responses while the AVP interacts with another person. Our evaluation suggests that when an AVP is used as an activity during a social group intervention, a common intervention approach used with children with social and communication difficulties, that children's use of specific social behaviors critical to successful social interaction increases during role-play of common social situations with another child. © 2014 ACM.

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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