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Sleep and Biological Rhythms 2016年第1期5卷 A1-A189页

作者： J. Ferrie M. Shipley F. Cappuccio E. Brunner M. Miller M. Kumari M. Marmot A. Coenen J. L. Castillo F. Araya G. Bustamante L. Montecino C. Torres S. Oporto J. Gronli E. Fiske R. Murison B. Bjorvatn E. Sorensen R. Ursin C. M. Portas S. Rajaraman A. Gribok N. Wesensten T. Balkin J. Reifman N. Dursunoglu S. Ozkurt S. Baser O. Delen S. Sarikaya P. Sadler P. Mitchell D. Françon M. Decobert B. Herve A. Richard G. Griebel P. Avenet B. Scatton G. L. Fur D. Eckert A. Jordan A. Wellman S. Smith A. Malhotra D. White D. Bruck I. Thomas A. Kritikos W. Oertel K. Stiasny-Kolster D. Garcia-Borreguero W. Poewe B. Hoegl R. Kohnen E. Schollmayer J. Keffel C. Trenkwalder A. Valle S. Roizenblatt F. Fregni P. Boggio S. Tufik K. Ward L. Robertson L. Palmer P. Eastwood D. Hillman J. Lee S. Mukherjee V. de Padova G. Barbato G. Ficca I. Zilli P. Salzarulo M. Veldi T. Hion V. Vasar M. Kull L. Nowak J. Davis Y. Latzer O. Tzischinsky S. Crowley M. Carskadon M. Anca-Herschkovitsch D. Frey J. Ortega C. Wiseman C. Farley K. Wright A. Campbell A. Neill K. Spiegel R. Leproult E. Tasali N. Scherberg E. van Cauter A. T. Noradina N. A. Karim I. Norlinah A. A. Raymond R. Sahathevan B. Hamidon E. Werth R. Poryazova R. Khatami C. Bassetti R. G. Beran L. Ainley G. Holand J. Duncan H. Kinney B. Davis B. Hood S. Frey C. Schmidt M. Hofstetter P. Peigneux C. Cajochen W.-P. Hu J.-D. Li C. Zhang L. Boehmer J. Siegel Q.-Y. Zhou Y. Sagawa H. Kondo T. Takemura H. Kanayama Y. Kaneko M. Sato T. Kanbayashi Y. Hishikawa T. Shimizu A. Viola L. James L. Schlangen D.-J. Dijk R. Andretic Y.-C. Kim K.-A. Han F. Jones R. Greenspan L. Sanford L. Yang X. Tang K. Dieter E. Uta H. Sven M. Richard N. Oyane S. Pallesen F. Holsten Y. Inoue M. Fujita N. Emura K. Kuroda N. Uchimura A. Johnston J. Astbury G. Kennedy K. Hoedlmoser M. Schabus T. Pecherstorfer S. Moser G. Gruber P. Anderer W. Klimesch N. Naidoo M. Ferber A. Pack D. Neu O. Mairesse G. Hoffmann A. Dris L. Lambrecht P. Linkowski P. Verbanck O. Le Bon N. Matsuura M. Yamao N. Adachi R. Aritomi Y. Komada H. Tanaka S. Shirak University College London London UK University College London London USA Warwick Medical School London UK Warwick Medical School Coventry USA Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen Netherlands Department of Neurology University of Chile Santiago Chile Neurology Service Hospital del Salvador Santiago Chile Family Health Center Juan Pablo II Santiago Chile Department of Biomedicine Section on Physiology Univeristy of Bergen Bergen Norway Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care Univeristy of Bergen Bergen Norway Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care University of Bergen Bergen Norway Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Haukeland University Hospital Univeristy of Bergen Bergen Norway Department of Biomedicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick Frederick USA Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring USA Department of Behavioral Biology Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring USA Faculty Department of Pulmonology Pamukkale University Medical Denizli Turkey University of Ballarat Ballarat Australia Sanofi-Aventis Recherche et Developpement Paris France Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston USA The University of Queensland Adelaide Australia School of Psychology University of Queensland Brisbane Australia The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia Victoria University Melbourne Australia Department of Psychology Victoria University Melbourne Australia School of Psychology Victoria University Melbourne Australia Philips-Universität Marburg Germany Philips-Universitaet-Marburg Marburg Germany Instituto de Investigaciones del Sueno Madrid Spain Universitätsklinik für Neurologie Innsbruck Austria Universitaetsklinik fuer Neurologie Innsbruck Austria IMEREM GmbH Nuernberg Germany Schwarz Pharma AG Monheim Germany

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The Biomechanics and Energetics of human Running Using an Elastic Knee Exoskeleton

The Biomechanics and Energetics of Human Running Using an El...

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IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics

作者： Grant Elliott Gregory S. Sawicki Andrew Marecki Hugh Herr Biomechatronics Group Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 Human PoWeR Lab Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering North Carolina State University University of North Carolina Raleigh NC 27695 Biomechatronics Group Mechanical Engineering Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 Biomechatronics Group

ISBN: (纸本)9781467360210

While the effects of series compliance on running biomechanics are well documented, the effects of parallel compliance are known only for the simpler case of hopping. As many practical exoskeletal and orthotic designs act in parallel with the leg, it is desirable to understand the effects of such an intervention. Spring-like forces offer a natural choice of perturbation for running, as they are both biologically motivated and energetically inexpensive to implement. To this end, we investigate the hypothesis that the addition of an external elastic element at the knee during the stance phase of running results in a reduction in knee extensor activation so that total joint quasi-stiffness is maintained. An exoskeletal knee brace consisting of an elastic element engaged by a clutch is used to provide this stance phase extensor torque. Motion capture of five subjects is used to investigate the consequences of running with this device. No significant change in leg stiffness or total knee stiffness is observed due to the activation of the clutched parallel knee spring. However, this pilot data suggests differing responses between casual runners and competitive long-distance runners, whose total knee torque is increased by the device. Such a relationship between past training and effective utilization of an external force is suggestive of limitations on the applicability of assistive devices.

关键词： Biomechanics Energetics human

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ProxiScientia: Toward real-time visualization of task and developer dependencies in collaborating software development teams

ProxiScientia: Toward real-time visualization of task and de...

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2012 5th International Workshop on Co-operative and human Aspects of Software Engineering, CHASE 2012

作者： Borici, Arber Blincoe, Kelly Schroter, Adrian Valetto, Giuseppe Damian, Daniela Software Engineering Global Interaction Lab University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada Department of Computer Science Drexel University Philadelphia PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467318242

This paper introduces ProxiScientia, a visualization tool that provides awareness support to developers, as they engage in collaborative software development activities. ProxiScientia leverages streams of fine-grained events that are generated by team members as they interact with software artifacts in their development environments. The main goal of the tool is to make each developer aware of coordination needs and opportunities as they arise, by depicting ego-centered views of the developers and tasks that most closely impact their work, and showing how they change in real time. In this paper, we illustrate the conceptualization of ProxiScientia and discuss its initial evaluation. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Visualization

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"Dead China-make" phones off the grid: Investigating and designing for mobile phone use in rural Africa 12

"Dead China-make" phones off the grid: Investigating and des...

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Designing Interactive Systems Conference, DIS '12

作者： Wyche, Susan P. Murphy, Laura L. Center for Human-Computer Interaction Computer Science Department Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA 24060 United States Department of Global Health Systems and Development School of Public Health Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450312103

Mobile phone users in rural parts of the developing world, especially Africa, adapt to lack of electricity, poverty, remote locations, unpredictable services, and second-hand technology. Meanwhile, the technology developers are forging ahead, designing for "smartphones," high-speed data packets, and Internet access, not the "dumb" phones and parsimonious voice calls of the rural householder. We draw from fieldwork in Kenya with mobile phone owners to relate specific practices and issues facing rural users. Problems such as "spoiled" phone batteries and "China-makes" suggest larger design implications. We use our findings to motivate a design agenda for the rural poor built on the assumption of off-grid use and limited power, simple cheap phones, and Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) protocol. A key part of this agenda calls for developing usable technologies aimed at the infrastructure rather than mobile phone interface level. © 2012 ACM.

关键词： Developing countries

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StaTube: Facilitating state management in instant messaging systems 12

StaTube: Facilitating state management in instant messaging ...

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6th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied interaction, TEI 2012

作者： Hausen, Doris Boring, Sebastian Lueling, Clara Rodestock, Simone Butz, Andreas Human-Computer-Interaction Group University of Munich Amalienstr. 17 80333 Munich Germany Interactions Lab Department of Computer Science University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450311748

Instant messaging systems, such as Skype, offer text, audio and video channels for one-on-one and group conversations, both for personal and professional communication. They are commonly used at a distance, i.e., across countries and continents. To avoid disrupting other tasks, they display personal states to signal others when to contact someone and when not. This mechanism, however, heavily relies on users setting their own state correctly. In an online survey with 46 participants we found that neglecting state updates leads to unwanted messages, either because the state is incorrect or others disrespect it because they assume it to be wrong anyway. We address this situation with the StaTube, a tangible object offering (1) peripheral interaction for setting one's own state and (2) peripheral awareness of selected others' state. In an in-situ evaluation we found first indicators that (1) peripheral interaction fosters more frequent state updates and more accurate state information, and (2) that our participants felt more aware of their contacts' states due to the physical ambient representation. © 2012 ACM.

关键词： Audio systems

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On the relationship between changes in distributed system behavior and group dynamics

On the relationship between changes in distributed system be...

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International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems

作者： Shaimaa Lazem Denis Gračanin Steve Harrison Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA

What, if any, are the effects of the changes in distributed systems behavior on the social dynamics of distributed groups? The rapid evolution of cloud infrastructures, portable devices and multimedia services has enabled cooperation among strangers in online environments that lack quality of service guarantees. Group members experience delays and inconsistencies in the shared state. Previous research on delays focuses on tightly-coupled tasks and assumes that individual and group interests are aligned. In reality, individual participation in a group depends on how a participant weighs the value and the cost of cooperation. That tension is well captured in mixed-motive tasks (e.g., a social trap). A study was conducted, where 15 groups performed a loosely-coupled task that simulates social traps. Group members experienced a gradual degradation of system performance in the form of complex delays. Groups exhibited different adaptation patterns to the changes in the system behavior. There is no guarantee that group adaptation will always keep the status quo. System interventions are needed to maintain group dynamics.

关键词： Delay Games Radiation detectors Avatars Vehicle dynamics Servers laboratories

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Representing our information structures for research and for everyday use

Representing our information structures for research and for...

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30th ACM Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2012

作者： Jones, William Anderson, Kenneth M. Whittaker, Steve Information School University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 United States Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder CO 803090430 United States Human-Computer Interaction University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450310161

We argue for a methodology and supporting infrastructure that promotes a cross-study investigation of information structure to advance the science of personal information management. Moreover, we observe that the infrastructure to support a methodology of scientific inquiry may have direct application to users as they struggle to manage their information. Research on information structure reaches towards a new age in information management wherein organizing information structures grow and change over time based on the internal needs of their owners and not the external demands of tools. © 2012 ACM.

关键词： Information management

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Towards automatically detecting whether student learning is shallow

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11th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, ITS 2012

作者： Baker, Ryan S. J. D. Gowda, Sujith M. Corbett, Albert T. Ocumpaugh, Jaclyn Department of Social Science and Policy Studies Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA United States Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642309496

Recent research has extended student modeling to infer not just whether a student knows a skill or set of skills, but also whether the student has achieved robust learning - learning that leads the student to be able to transfer their knowledge and prepares them for future learning (PFL). However, a student may fail to have robust learning in two fashions: they may have no learning, or they may have shallow learning (learning that applies only to the current skill, and does not support transfer or PFL). Within this paper, we present an automated detector which is able to identify shallow learners, who are likely to need different intervention than students who have not yet learned at all. This detector is developed using a step regression approach, with data from college students learning introductory genetics from an intelligent tutoring system. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Students

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The effects of virtual character animation on spatial judgments

The effects of virtual character animation on spatial judgme...

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IEEE Annual International Symposium Virtual Reality

作者： Eric D. Ragan Curtis Wilkes Yong Cao Doug A. Bowman Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University USA

Inaccurate perception of distances is a known problem within virtual environments. We hypothesize that the inclusion of virtual characters within these environments can improve an observer's ability to judge distances and achieve accurate spatial understanding. We have conducted an empirical study using a desktop display of a small scale environment to evaluate the validity of this concept. We investigated whether the presence and quantity of virtual human characters, as well as the naturalness of their locomotion animations, could improve egocentric and exocentric distance estimations. Preliminary results suggest that static or properly animated characters could improve exocentric estimations, and properly animated characters could reduce egocentric distance compression errors.

关键词： Animation Virtual environments humans Legged locomotion Observers Data mining

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Poster: Design considerations for fabric-based input for surface design

Poster: Design considerations for fabric-based input for sur...

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IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI)

作者： Anamary Leal Doug A. Bowman Center for Human-Computer Interaction and Department of Computer Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University USA

Fabric is a dynamic, flexible surface material that holds promise to represent many different kinds of surfaces. We explore how we can use such a flexible material as an interactive 3D input device for various kinds of surface design, such as garment and 3D model design. We discuss our fabric-based interactive system and key design considerations for using fabric-based input. In an evaluation of how domain-specific experts use fabric-based input, and how use changes over time, we found that while tracking issues dominated, participants were successful in drawing initial rough sketches of 3D and 2D creations using fabric-based input.

关键词： Fabrics Three dimensional displays User interfaces Clothing Surface roughness Rough surfaces

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