This paper presents a multi-biometric verification system that combines speaker verification, fingerprint verification with face identification. Their respective equal error rates (EER) are 4.3%, 5.1% and the range of...
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This paper presents a multi-biometric verification system that combines speaker verification, fingerprint verification with face identification. Their respective equal error rates (EER) are 4.3%, 5.1% and the range of (5.1% to 11.5%) for matched conditions in facial image capture. Fusion of the three by majority voting gave a relative improvement of 48% over speaker verification (i.e. the best-performing biometric). Fusion by weighted average scores produced a further relative improvement of 52%. We propose the use of fuzzy logic decision fusion, in order to account for external conditions that affect verification performance. Examples include recording conditions of utterances for speaker verification, lighting and facial expressions in face identification and finger placement and pressure for fingerprint verification. The fuzzy logic framework incorporates some external factors relating to face and fingerprint verification and achieved an additional improvement of 19%.
The fundamental question for an information-rich virtual environment is how to access and display abstract information. We investigated two existing navigation techniques: hand-centered object manipulation extending r...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780384156
The fundamental question for an information-rich virtual environment is how to access and display abstract information. We investigated two existing navigation techniques: hand-centered object manipulation extending ray-casting (HOMER) and go-go navigation, and two text layout techniques: within-the-world display (WWD) and heads-up display (HUD). Four search tasks were performed to measure participants' performance in a densely packed environment. HUD enabled significantly better performance than WWD and the go-go technique enabled better performance than the HOMER technique for most of the tasks. We found that using HOMER navigation combined with the WWD technique was significantly worse than other combinations for difficult naive search tasks. Users also preferred the combination of go-go and HUD for all tasks.
Software architects have techniques to deal with many quality attributes such as performance, reliability, and maintainability. Usability, however, has traditionally been concerned primarily with presentation and not ...
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Software architects have techniques to deal with many quality attributes such as performance, reliability, and maintainability. Usability, however, has traditionally been concerned primarily with presentation and not been a concern of software architects beyond separating the user interface from the remainder of the application. In this tutorial, we present usability-supporting architectural patterns. Each pattern describes a usability concern that is not supported by separation alone. For each concern, a usability-supporting architectural pattern provides the forces from the characteristics of the task and environment, the human, and the state of the software to motivate an implementation independent solution cast in terms of the responsibilities that must be fulfilled to satisfy the forces. Furthermore, each pattern includes a sample solution implemented in the context of an overriding separation based pattern such as J2EE Model View Controller.
Search is an important factor in the visual inspection process. Previous studies have shown that the use of feedforward, or prior, information improves inspection performance. Although prior information on the nature ...
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Search is an important factor in the visual inspection process. Previous studies have shown that the use of feedforward, or prior, information improves inspection performance. Although prior information on the nature of the defects that may be present and their possible locations has been widely used in visual inspection training, research has also shown positive results when process measures are used. One such process measure is visual search strategy. In an initial study, a dynamic display depicting an expert inspector's search strategy in the form of her visual scanpaths was presented to novice inspectors and resulted in a significant improvement in their inspection performance. A second study then compares three types of displays of visual search strategy: a static display, a dynamic display, and a hybrid display utilizing both static and dynamic presentation elements. The static display presents a static image that shows the regions of interest and scanpaths, essentially the systematic pattern in which the expert inspector performs the search. The dynamic feedforward display presents a cursor (a yellow dot) that moves across the screen and mimics the sequential indices (eye movement pattern) of the expert inspector. The cursor color changes to red at the location of a defect. The hybrid display is similar to the dynamic display, but also leaves a trace as the cursor moves along to the next area of interest. Thus, the history of the manner in which the expert inspector performed the search up to the current area of interest can be viewed in this display. The search task is machine paced and consists of inspecting 40 simulated Printed Circuit Board (PCB) images. Each board may have zero, one, two or three defects. A randomized complete block design is employed with the subjects' scores in a pilot study as the blocking factor. There are three groups of participants for the three types of displays. All of the groups receive the same feedforward information. The onl
Aircraft inspection is vital in assuring safety and reliability of the air transportation system. The human inspector performing visual inspection of aircrafts is the backbone of this process. Training is critical in ...
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Aircraft inspection is vital in assuring safety and reliability of the air transportation system. The human inspector performing visual inspection of aircrafts is the backbone of this process. Training is critical in achieving effective inspection performance. Studies of industrial inspection have established that feedforward training improves performance. Experienced inspectors are known to adopt a more effective inspection strategy than novice inspectors. Providing information regarding the search strategy of an expert, to novice inspectors may accelerate their adoption of a more effective search strategy. This paper describes an experimental study of the effect of providing such feedforward training on the inspection performance of novice inspectors.
We explore and extend the metaphor of "piles" to include computationally-enriched piles, portable regions of automation in Dynapad, a multiscale workspace. We describe these collection-management tools and h...
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We explore and extend the metaphor of "piles" to include computationally-enriched piles, portable regions of automation in Dynapad, a multiscale workspace. We describe these collection-management tools and how their design was informed by observing people organizing collections of personal digital photographs
A new interactive floorspace has been developed which uses modular nodes connected together to create a pressure-sensitive area of varying size and shape, giving it the potential to be integrated into an interactive e...
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The reflectance of fabric surface is commonly represented by a 4D bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). To generate the BRDF from measured data by a gonioreflectometer with 2 degrees of freedom of th...
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A course on pervasive computing should be structured around key functions throughout a systems development process to cover common underlying concerns throughout science and engineering disciplines - development of de...
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A course on pervasive computing should be structured around key functions throughout a systems development process to cover common underlying concerns throughout science and engineering disciplines - development of design rationale, prototyping, evaluation, and component reuse. However, broader considerations of usage context and appreciation for research and methodological contributions from other disciplines must be strongly factored into course planning. To achieve both goals, we suggest learning objectives, a general strategy and approach using case-based learning.
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