Classroom BRIDGE supports activity awareness by facilitating planning and goal revision in collaborative, project-based middle school science. It integrates large-screen and desktop views of project times to support i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781581136364
Classroom BRIDGE supports activity awareness by facilitating planning and goal revision in collaborative, project-based middle school science. It integrates large-screen and desktop views of project times to support incidental creation of awareness information through routine document transactions, integrated presentation of awareness information as part of workspace views, and public access to subgroup activity. It demonstrates and develops an object replication approach to integrating synchronous and asynchronous distributed work for a platform incorporating both desktop and large-screen devices. This paper describes an implementation of these concepts with preliminary evaluation data, using timeline-based user interfaces.
Touch is the most intimate and inherently private human sense and provides the potential for discrete, low social weight humancomputerinteraction. This paper presents initial research findings on issues of integrati...
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Dynamic queries facilitate rapid exploration of information by real-time visual display of both query formulation and results. Dynamic query sliders are linked to the main visualization to filter data. A common altern...
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Dynamic queries facilitate rapid exploration of information by real-time visual display of both query formulation and results. Dynamic query sliders are linked to the main visualization to filter data. A common alternative to dynamic queries is to link several simple visualizations, such as histograms, to the main visualization with a brushing interaction strategy. Selecting data in the histograms highlights that data in the main visualization. We compare these two approaches in an empirical experiment on DataMaps, a geographic data visualization tool. Dynamic query sliders resulted in better performance for simple range tasks, while brushing histograms was better for complex trend evaluation and attribute relation tasks. Participants preferred brushing histograms for understanding relationships between attributes and the rich information they provided.
The experience of preparing interface design knowledge to be reusable allows reflection on the process, potential and general challenges of effectively and efficiently using this knowledge in design tasks. With an int...
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The experience of preparing interface design knowledge to be reusable allows reflection on the process, potential and general challenges of effectively and efficiently using this knowledge in design tasks. With an interest in crafting a catalog for design claims that would implement recent reuse theory in the human-computerinteraction field, we developed and implemented a unique process of creating reusable content for notification systems - interfaces used for multitasking. This process, which we describe and illustrate, extends previous work on capturing metadata related to design claims. The data and metadata are stored in the catalog, which is intended to be accessible to other designers for reuse in other domains. The multitask nature of our catalog subject matter highlights a major challenges faced in reuse: the generalization specific and contextual information (claims). The challenge of balancing abstraction with specificity to ensure both meaningful and domain-independent data is also addressed. We believe that our approach can generalize to other reuse projects that strive for cross-domain knowledge application.
With recent troubles in U.S. elections, there has been a nationwide push to update voting systems. Municipalities are investing heavily in electronic voting systems, many of which use a touch screen. These systems off...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781581136302
With recent troubles in U.S. elections, there has been a nationwide push to update voting systems. Municipalities are investing heavily in electronic voting systems, many of which use a touch screen. These systems offer the promise of faster and more accurate voting, but the current reality is that they are fraught with usability and systemic problems. This paper surveys issues relating to usability of electronic voting systems and reports on a series of studies, including one with 415 voters using new systems that the State of Maryland purchased. Our analysis shows these systems work well, but have several problems, and many voters have concerns about them.
The Informedia Digital Video Library user interface summarizes query results with a collage of representative keyframes. We present a user study in which keyframe occlusion caused difficulties. To use the screen space...
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The Informedia Digital Video Library user interface summarizes query results with a collage of representative keyframes. We present a user study in which keyframe occlusion caused difficulties. To use the screen space most efficiently to display images, both occlusion and wasted whitespace should be minimized. Thus optimal choices will tend toward constant density displays. However, previous constant density algorithms are based on global density, which leads to occlusion and empty space if the density is not uniform. We introduce an algorithm that considers the layout of individual objects and avoids occlusion altogether. Efficiency concerns are important for dynamic summaries of the Informedia Digital Video Library, which has hundreds of thousands of shots. Posting multiple queries that take into account parameters of the visualization as well as the original query reduces the amount of work required. This greedy algorithm is then compared to an optimal one. The approach is also applicable to visualizations containing complex graphical objects other than images, such as text, icons, or trees.
Data analysis and visualization is strongly influenced by noise and noise filters. There are multiple sources of "noise" in microarray data analysis, but signal/noise ratios are rarely optimized, or even con...
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Data analysis and visualization is strongly influenced by noise and noise filters. There are multiple sources of "noise" in microarray data analysis, but signal/noise ratios are rarely optimized, or even considered. Here, we report a noise analysis of a novel 13 million oligonucleotide dataset - 25 human U133A (/spl sim/500,000 features) profiles of patient muscle biopsies. We use our recently described interactive visualization tool, the hierarchical clustering explorer (HCE) to systemically address the effect of different noise filters on resolution of arrays into "correct" biological groups (unsupervised clustering into three patient groups of known diagnosis). We varied probe set interpretation methods (MAS 5.0, RMA), "present call" filters, and clustering linkage methods, and investigated the results in HCE. HCE's interactive features enabled us to quickly see the impact of these three variables. Dendrogram displays showed the clustering results systematically, and color mosaic displays provided a visual support for the results. We show that each of these three variables has a strong effect on unsupervised clustering. For this dataset, the strength of the biological variable was maximized, and noise minimized, using MAS 5.0, 10% present call filter, and average group linkage. We propose a general method of using interactive tools to identify the optimal signal/noise balance or the optimal combination of these three variables to maximize the effect of the desired biological variable on data interpretation.
A software agent is being built to help naive users effectively perform the search tasks without feeling intimidated or overwhelmed by the technology or the tool. The display of information as well as the content of i...
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A software agent is being built to help naive users effectively perform the search tasks without feeling intimidated or overwhelmed by the technology or the tool. The display of information as well as the content of it can either be too much (the problem of precision) or too little (the recall problem) which in turn can leave a naive user feel frustrated with the search. This agent's aim is to assist these users with their search goals. The overall strategy is to understand the search goal and then "push" and "pull" information to match the needs.
A long-standing goal in image-based modeling and rendering is to capture a scene from camera images and construct a sufficient model to allow photo-realistic rendering of new views. With the confluence of computer gra...
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A long-standing goal in image-based modeling and rendering is to capture a scene from camera images and construct a sufficient model to allow photo-realistic rendering of new views. With the confluence of computer graphics and vision, the combination of research on recovering geometric structure from un-calibrated cameras with modeling and rendering has yielded numerous new methods. Yet, many challenging issues remain to be addressed before a sufficiently general and robust system could be built to (for instance) allow an average user to model their home and garden from camcorder video. This tutorial aims to give researchers and students in computer graphics a working knowledge of relevant theory and techniques covering the steps from real-time vision for tracking and the capture of scene geometry and appearance, to the efficient representation and real-time rendering of image-based models. It also includes hands-on demos of real-time visual tracking, modeling and rendering systems.
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