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SSRN 2022年

作者： Huang, Tiantian Xu, Denan Zhang, Hang Bai, Ou Aravelli, Aparna Zhou, Xiaoxiao Han, Bin School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430070 China Human Cyber-Physical Systems Laboratory The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University Florida33174 United States Applied Research Center Florida International University Florida33174 United States Guangdong Intelligent Robotics Institute Dongguan523808 China

Complete compliance of soft robots is a trending research topic. One significant aspect is the control element. In the current work, a flexible electro-rheological (ER) valve development is chosen due to the advantage of its dynamic power density, convenient electronic control mode and no mechanical moving parts. These properties enable the ER valve to be miniaturized and easily integrated into a fluid-driven soft robot. However, the integration effect of the existing flexible ER valve configuration in soft robots is not ideal. In this study, a novel concentric semi-cylindrical flexible giant ER (GER) valve with a dual flowing direction is proposed for a soft robot to enable a larger deformation bending motion with multiple motion modes. The resulting valve has an overall volume of 50 mm 3 , a mass of 0.88 g, and a maximum controlling pressure of 84 kPa with a pressure change rate of 13.9, which is suitable for most soft robot applications. The pressure difference calculation method for the concentric semi-cylindrical GER valve is discussed. The effects of size, voltages, and flow rates on the valve’s static and dynamic performances, as well as the characteristics of the two pressure regulation modes, are investigated through simulations and experiments. The seamless integration and flexibility of the proposed valve are demonstrated by controlling a typical network actuator with six motion modes. Finally, a soft robot composed of two actuators is fabricated and realized the grasping of multiple everyday objects using different motion modes. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanofluidics

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MACHINE-LEARNING-BASED DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN SUICIDE ATTEMPT AND SUICIDE IDEATION IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER USING CORTICAL FUNCTIONAL NETWORK

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IBRO Neuroscience Reports 2023年 15卷 S784-S784页

作者： Kuk-In Jang Sungkean Kim Jihoon Kim Chany Lee Se-Hoon Shim Ji Sun Kim Korea Brain Research Institute Cognitive Science Research Group Daegu Korea Republic of Hanyang University Human-computer Interaction Ansan Korea Republic of Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital Department Of Psychiatry Cheonan Korea Republic of

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Tracing Origins: Coreference-aware Machine Reading Comprehension

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Huang, Baorong Zhang, Zhuosheng Zhao, Hai Institute of Corpus Studies and Applications Shanghai International Studies University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

Machine reading comprehension is a heavily-studied research and test field for evaluating new pre-trained language models (PrLMs) and fine-tuning strategies, and recent studies have enriched the pre-trained language models with syntactic, semantic and other linguistic information to improve the performance of the models. In this paper, we imitate the human reading process in connecting the anaphoric expressions and explicitly leverage the coreference information of the entities to enhance the word embeddings from the pre-trained language model, in order to highlight the coreference mentions of the entities that must be identified for coreference-intensive question answering in QUOREF, a relatively new dataset that is specifically designed to evaluate the coreference-related performance of a model. We use two strategies to fine-tune a pre-trained language model, namely, placing an additional encoder layer after a pre-trained language model to focus on the coreference mentions or constructing a relational graph convolutional network to model the coreference relations. We demonstrate that the explicit incorporation of coreference information in the fine-tuning stage performs better than the incorporation of the coreference information in pre-training a language model. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Dual-Consistency semi-supervised learning with uncertainty quantification for covid-19 lesion segmentation from CT images

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Yanwen Luo, Luyang Lin, Huangjing Chen, Hao Heng, Pheng-Ann Imsight AI Research Lab Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) characterized by atypical pneumonia has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Automatically segmenting lesions from chest Computed Tomography (CT) is a promising way to assist doctors in COVID-19 screening, treatment planning, and follow-up monitoring. However, voxel-wise annotations are extremely expert-demanding and scarce, especially when it comes to novel diseases, while an abundance of unlabeled data could be available. To tackle the challenge of limited annotations, in this paper, we propose an uncertainty-guided dual-consistency learning network (UDC-Net) for semi-supervised COVID-19 lesion segmentation from CT images. Specifically, we present a dual-consistency learning scheme that simultaneously imposes image transformation equivalence and feature perturbation invariance to effectively harness the knowledge from unlabeled data. We then quantify the segmentation uncertainty in two forms and employ them together to guide the consistency regularization for more reliable unsupervised learning. Extensive experiments showed that our proposed UDC-Net improves the fully supervised method by 6.3% in Dice and outperforms other competitive semi-supervised approaches by significant margins, demonstrating high potential in real-world clinical practice. 2 © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Coronavirus

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OXnet: Deep omni-supervised thoracic disease detection from chest X-rays

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Luo, Luyang Chen, Hao Zhou, Yanning Lin, Huangjing Heng, Pheng-Ann Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Imsight AI Research Lab Shenzhen China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most typical diagnostic X-ray examination for screening various thoracic diseases. Automatically localizing lesions from CXR is promising for alleviating radiologists' reading burden. However, CXR datasets are often with massive image-level annotations and scarce lesion-level annotations, and more often, without annotations. Thus far, unifying different supervision granularities to develop thoracic disease detection algorithms has not been comprehensively addressed. In this paper, we present OXnet, the first deep omni-supervised thoracic disease detection network to our best knowledge that uses as much available supervision as possible for CXR diagnosis. We first introduce supervised learning via a one-stage detection model. Then, we inject a global classification head to the detection model and propose dual attention alignment to guide the global gradient to the local detection branch, which enables learning lesion detection from image-level annotations. We also impose intra-class compactness and inter-class separability with global prototype alignment to further enhance the global information learning. Moreover, we leverage a soft focal loss to distill the soft pseudo-labels of unlabeled data generated by a teacher model. Extensive experiments on a large-scale chest X-ray dataset show the proposed OXnet outperforms competitive methods with significant margins. Further, we investigate omni-supervision under various annotation granularities and corroborate OXnet is a promising choice to mitigate the plight of annotation shortage for medical image diagnosis.2 © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Deep learning

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SoftHGNN: Soft Hypergraph Neural Networks for General Visual Recognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lei, Mengqi Wu, Yihong Li, Siqi Zheng, Xinhu Wang, Juan Gao, Yue Du, Shaoyi BNRist THUIBCS BLBCI School of Software Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Guangzhou China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Ultrasound the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Department of Ultrasound the Second Affiliated Hospital Xi’an Jiaotong University China State Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence National Engineering Research Center for Visual Information and Applications Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Visual recognition relies on understanding both the semantics of image tokens and the complex interactions among them. Mainstream self-attention methods, while effective at modeling global pair-wise relations, fail to capture high-order associations inherent in real-world scenes and often suffer from redundant computation. Hypergraphs extend conventional graphs by modeling high-order interactions and offer a promising framework for addressing these limitations. However, existing hypergraph neural networks typically rely on static and hard hyperedge assignments, leading to excessive and redundant hyperedges with hard binary vertex memberships that overlook the continuity of visual semantics. To overcome these issues, we present Soft Hypergraph Neural Networks (SoftHGNNs), which extend the methodology of hypergraph computation, to make it truly efficient and versatile in visual recognition tasks. Our framework introduces the concept of soft hyperedges, where each vertex is associated with hyperedges via continuous participation weights rather than hard binary assignments. This dynamic and differentiable association is achieved by using the learnable hyperedge prototype. Through similarity measurements between token features and the prototype, the model generates semantically rich soft hyperedges. By using these soft hyperedges as the medium for message aggregation and dissemination, SoftHGNN models various high-order semantic relationships within visual features. To further enhance efficiency when scaling up the number of soft hyperedges, we incorporate a sparse hyperedge selection mechanism that activates only the top-k important hyperedges, along with a load-balancing regularizer to ensure adequate and balanced hyperedge utilization. Experimental results across three tasks on five datasets demonstrate that SoftHGNN efficiently captures high-order associations in visual scenes, achieving significant performance improvements. The source code of our framework is availa

关键词： computer vision

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Sustainability in the Internet of Production: Interdisciplinary Opportunities and Challenges

Sustainability in the Internet of Production: Interdisciplin...

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International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)

作者： Sebastian Bernhard Sebastian Pütz Calvin Röhl Ralph Baier Philipp Brauner Ester Christou Hannah Dammers Roman Flaig Leon M. Gorißen Jan-Christoph Heilinger Christian Hinke István Koren Dirk Lüttgens Michael Millan Kai Müller Alexander Schollemann Luisa Vervier Thomas Gries Alexander Mertens Saskia K. Nagel Frank T. Piller Günther Schuh Martina Ziefle Verena Nitsch Carmen Leicht-Scholten Gender and Diversity in Engineering RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Human-Computer Interaction Center RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute for Technology and Innovation Management RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institut für Textiltechnik RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Chair for Laser Technology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Human Technology Center/Applied Ethics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Chair of Process and Data Science RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

The vision of the Internet of Production (loP) is focused on optimizing manufacturing processes, with the help of Industry 4.0 technologies (14Ts). However, considering global megatrends such as climate change and the need to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is a growing imperative for the manufacturing industry to become more sustainable. This opens the door to transforming the IoP into an Internet of Sustainable Production (loSP). Accordingly, this paper proposes a novel four-step loSP-framework that establishes an Information System (IS) allowing researchers and practitioners to acknowledge and adapt to the interconnected nature of sustainability. Further, to test its applicability, an inter- and cross-disciplinary perspective is adopted to illustrate case-related challenges, opportunities, and pathways - revealed by the proposed framework - in the example of a digital economy for sustainability data, strategic design of global production networks, human-robot collaboration, digital photonic production, and the textile industry. Together, the framework demonstrates the usefulness of generating holistic information on the interconnected nature of sustainability derived from process-specific and contextualized data, while simultaneously assessing the framework's utilization for sustainability, as well as the sustainability of its use.

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AlloHaptic: Robot-Mediated Haptic Collaboration for Learning Linear Functions*

AlloHaptic: Robot-Mediated Haptic Collaboration for Learning...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Hala Khodr Soheil Kianzad Wafa Johal Aditi Kothiyal Barbara Bruno Pierre Dillenbourg Computer Human Interaction in Learning and Instruction Laboratory (CHILI) Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia University of New South Wales Sydney Australia MOBOTS Group in BIOROB EPFL Lausanne

ISBN: (数字)9781728160757

ISBN: (纸本)9781728160764

Collaborative learning appears in a joint intellectual efforts of individuals to understand an object of knowledge collectively. In their search for understanding the problems, meanings, and solutions, learners employ different multi-modal strategies. In this work, we explore the role of force feedback in learners interaction with tangible hand-held robots. We designed a collaborative learning environment to provide embodied intuitions on linear mathematical functions combined with graphical representations and ran a first study involving 24 participants. Our analysis shows a positive learning gain for our learning activity. Moreover, to explore the link between different types of force feedback and learners' collaboration, we designed a focus group study with 12 participants. Our results suggest that the haptic communication channel affects the collaboration dynamic differently according to the nature of the learning task. We finish by proposing design insights for future exploration of haptic in collaborative learning.

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Learning meters of arabic and english poems with recurrent neural networks: A step forward for language understanding and synthesis

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Yousef, Waleed A. Ibrahime, Omar M. Madbouly, Taha M. Mahmoud, Moustafa A. Human Computer Interaction Laboratory Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Helwan University Egypt

Recognizing a piece of writing as a poem or prose is usually easy for the majority of people;however, only specialists can determine which meter a poem belongs to. In this paper, we build Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models that can classify poems according to their meters from plain text. The input text is encoded at the character level and directly fed to the models without feature handcrafting. This is a step forward for machine understanding and synthesis of languages in general, and Arabic language in particular. Among the 16 poem meters of Arabic and the 4 meters of English the networks were able to correctly classify poem with an overall accuracy of 96.38% and 82.31% respectively. The poem datasets used to conduct this research were massive, over 1.5 million of verses, and were crawled from different nontechnical sources, almost Arabic and English literature sites, and in different heterogeneous and unstructured formats. These datasets are now made publicly available in clean, structured, and documented format for other future research. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this research is the first to address classifying poem meters in a machine learnin g approach, in general, and in RNN featureless based approach, in particular. In addition, the dataset is the first publicly available dataset ready for the purpose of future computational research. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Global guidance network for breast lesion segmentation in ultrasound images

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Xue, Cheng Zhu, Lei Fu, Huazhu Hu, Xiaowei Li, Xiaomeng Zhang, Hai Heng, Pheng-Ann Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Shenzhen People's Hospital Second Clinical College of Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality and Human Interaction Technology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Automatic breast lesion segmentation in ultrasound helps to diagnose breast cancer, which is one of the dreadful diseases that affect women globally. Segmenting breast regions accurately from ultrasound image is a challenging task due to the inherent speckle artifacts, blurry breast lesion boundaries, and inhomogeneous intensity distributions inside the breast lesion regions. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated remarkable results in medical image segmentation tasks. However, the convolutional operations in a CNN often focus on local regions, which suffer from limited capabilities in capturing long-range dependencies of the input ultrasound image, resulting in degraded breast lesion segmentation accuracy. In this paper, we develop a deep convolutional neural network equipped with a global guidance block (GGB) and breast lesion boundary detection (BD) modules for boosting the breast ultrasound lesion segmentation. The GGB utilizes the multi-layer integrated feature map as a guidance information to learn the long-range non-local dependencies from both spatial and channel domains. The BD modules learn additional breast lesion boundary map to enhance the boundary quality of a segmentation result refinement. Experimental results on a public dataset and a collected dataset show that our network outperforms other medical image segmentation methods and the recent semantic segmentation methods on breast ultrasound lesion segmentation. Moreover, we also show the application of our network on the ultrasound prostate segmentation, in which our method better identifies prostate regions than state-of-the-art networks. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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