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Generalized hybrid LiFi-WiFi UniPHY learning framework towards intelligent UAV-based indoor networks

International Journal of Intelligent networks 2024年第1期5卷 255-266页

作者： Ahmad, Rizwana Anwar, Dil Nashin Bany Salameh, Haythem Elgala, Hany Ayyash, Moussa Almajali, Sufyan El-Khazali, Reyad Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department University of Cambridge United Kingdom Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University at Albany-State University of New York United States Artificial Intelligence Research Center Al Ain University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Telecommunications Engineering Department Yarmouk University Irbid Jordan Department of Computing Information and Technology Chicago State University ChicagoIL United States Department of Computer Science Princess Sumaya University for Technology Amman Jordan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Advancements in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, along with indoor hybrid LiFi-WiFi networks (HLWN), promise the development of cost-effective, energy-efficient, adaptable, reliable, rapid, and on-demand HLWN-capable indoor flying networks (IFNs). To achieve this, a unified physical layer (UniPHY) capable of simultaneous control communication, data transfer, and sensing is crucial. However, traditional block-based decoders, designed independently for LiFi and WiFi, perform poorly in complex and hybrid LiFi-WiFi-enabled UniPHY systems. In this study, we propose an end-to-end learning framework based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for UniPHY, which can be trained to serve hybrid LiFi-WiFi transmissions to improve error performance and simplify UAV hardware. In this work, the performance of the proposed framework is assessed and compared with that of the conventional independent block-based communication system. Furthermore, a comprehensive summary of optimal hyper-parameters for efficient training of our learning framework has been provided. It is shown that, with optimal hyper-parameters, the proposed CNN-based framework outperforms the conventional block-based approach by providing a signal-to-noise ratio gain of approximately 7 dB for the LiFi channel and 23 dB for the WiFi channel. In addition, we evaluate the complexity and training convergence for loss and accuracy. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Data transfer

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OUT-OF-DOMAIN UNLABELED DATA IMPROVES GENERALIZATION 12

OUT-OF-DOMAIN UNLABELED DATA IMPROVES GENERALIZATION

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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Saberi, Amir Hossein Movasaghinia, Mohammad Hosein Najafi, Amir Motahari, Seyed Abolfazl Heidari, Alireza Khalaj, Babak H. Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Sharif Center for Information Systems and Data Science Iran Sharif Institute for Convergence Science & Technology Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

We propose a novel framework for incorporating unlabeled data into semi-supervised classification problems, where scenarios involving the minimization of either i) adversarially robust or ii) non-robust loss functions have been considered. Notably, we allow the unlabeled samples to deviate slightly (in total variation sense) from the in-domain distribution. The core idea behind our framework is to combine Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) with self-supervised training. As a result, we also leverage efficient polynomial-time algorithms for the training stage. From a theoretical standpoint, we apply our framework on the classification problem of a mixture of two Gaussians in Rd, where in addition to the m independent and labeled samples from the true distribution, a set of n (usually with n m) out of domain and unlabeled samples are given as well. Using only the labeled data, it is known that the generalization error can be bounded by ∝ (d/m)1/2. However, using our method on both isotropic and non-isotropic Gaussian mixture models, one can derive a new set of analytically explicit and non-asymptotic bounds which show substantial improvement on the generalization error compared to ERM. Our results underscore two significant insights: 1) out-of-domain samples, even when unlabeled, can be harnessed to narrow the generalization gap, provided that the true data distribution adheres to a form of the "cluster assumption", and 2) the semi-supervised learning paradigm can be regarded as a special case of our framework when there are no distributional shifts. We validate our claims through experiments conducted on a variety of synthetic and real-world datasets. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polynomial approximation

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Applying Competition-Based Learning to Stimulate Students' Practical and Competitive AI Ability in a Machine Learning Curriculum

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IEEE Transactions on Education 2024年第2期67卷 256-265页

作者： Chang, Hui-Tzu Lin, Chia-Yu National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Center for Institutional Research and Data Analytics Hsinchu30010 Taiwan National Central University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taoyuan City320317 Taiwan

Contribution: This study incorporates competition-based learning (CBL) into machine learning courses. By engaging students in innovative problem-solving challenges within information competitions, revealing that students' participation in online problem-solving competitions can improve their information technology, and showcase competitions can enhance their competition ability. Background: The CBL model seamlessly integrates project-based learning and competition, placing a strong emphasis on both collective learning and outcomes. This approach cultivates motivation among team members, driving them to enhance their learning and translate knowledge into practical experience. Research Questions: The objective is to examine the disparities in the development of theoretical knowledge, information technology, AI practical ability, and competition ability among students participating in online problem-solving competitions and showcase competitions, and discusses the potential moderating effect of competition type on the relationships between variables in the hypothetical model. Methodology: The study involved 74 students enrolled in machine learning course at a university. The students were given theoretical knowledge and information technology pretests and posttests in the 2nd and 17th weeks, respectively. In the 18th week, the students presented their projects using slideshows and were graded by judges while also submitting their final competition proposal and slides. Findings: Students in online problem-solving competitions can enhance their information technology, while those participating in showcase competitions can improve their competitive ability. Moreover, the competition type was found to moderate the relationships among theoretical knowledge, information technology, and AI model accuracy. The findings suggest that incorporating CBL into machine learning courses effectively cultivates students' AI practical and competitive abilities. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Competition

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Activation Distance and Capacity Analysis for Ambient Backscatter Communications with Sensitivity Constraint and Beamforming

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China Communications 2024年第11期21卷 257-266页

作者： Mu Yunping Fan Dian Wang Gongpu Xu Yongjun Kuang Lei Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High Speed Railway of Ministry of Education School of Computer and Information TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China China Academy of Information and Communications Technology Beijing 100191China School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelemcommunicationsChongqing 400065China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing Engineering Center of SHMEC for Space Information and GNSSSchool of Information Science and TechnologyEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Circuit sensitivity of sensors or tags without battery is one practical constraint for ambient backscatter communication *** letter considers using beamforming to reduce the sensitivity constraint and evaluates the corresponding performance in terms of the tag activation distance and the system ***,we derive the activation probabilities of the tag in the case of single-antenna and multi-antenna ***,we obtain the capacity expressions for the ambient backscatter communication system with beamforming and illustrate the power allocation that maximizes the system capacity when the tag is ***,simulation results are provided to corroborate our proposed studies.

关键词： activation distance ambient backscatter communications beamforming channel capacity power allocation sensitivity

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Deep learning and ensemble methods for anomaly detection in ICS security

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International Journal of information Technology (Singapore) 2025年第3期17卷 1761-1775页

作者： Hossain, Md. Alamgir Hasan, Tahmid Karovic, jr, Vincent Abdeljaber, Hikmat A. M. Haque, Md. Alimul Ahmad, Sultan Zafar, Aasim Nazeer, Jabeen Mishra, B.K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering State University of Bangladesh South Purbachal Kanchan Dhaka 1461 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Prime University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Information Systems Faculty of Management Comenius Bratislava Odbojárov 10 Bratislava 25 82005 Slovakia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology Applied Science Private University Amman 11931 Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman 11831 Lebanon Department of Computer Science Veer Kunwar Singh University Bihar Ara India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj 11942 Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development (UCRD) Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh University Gharuan Punjab Mohali 140413 India Department of Computer Science Aligarh Muslim University U.P Aligarh 202002 India P.G. Department of Physics Veer Kunwar Singh University Bihar Ara India

This research addresses the escalating threats to industrial control systems by introducing a novel approach that combines deep learning for feature selection with a robust ensemble-based classification technique to enhance anomaly detection. Our method utilizes a tailored autoencoder architecture to efficiently select features, followed by a Random Forest classifier to ensure reliable and generalizable detection of anomalies. Evaluated on the HAI Security Dataset, the proposed approach demonstrates exceptional performance, with significant improvements in detecting anomalous activities in ICS. The results highlight the method’s potential to enhance ICS security by providing a scalable and adaptable framework that evolves with emerging threats. This study not only advances cybersecurity methodologies for industrial systems but also lays the groundwork for future research, emphasizing the need for innovative and effective security solutions in the face of evolving cyber challenges. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Anomaly detection in ICS Cyber-resilience in critical infrastructure Deep learning for feature selection Industrial control systems security Random forest classifier for ICS

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The Prospects of Quantum Secure Communication for Secret Sharing

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IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine 2023年第2期17卷 38-44页

作者： Chou, Yao-Hsin Tseng, Kuo-Chun Kuo, Shu-Yu Kuo, Sy-Yen Sheu, Bing National Chi Nan University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Nantou Taiwan National Ilan University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Yilan Taiwan National Taiwan University Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Physics Taipei Taiwan National Taiwan University Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei Taiwan Chang Gung University Department of Electronics Engineering Taoyuan Taiwan

Quantum computing and secure communication have gained considerable interest in recent years, as quantum computing has a potent ability to accelerate certain complex problems, such as factoring problems and discrete logarithms, which are important foundations of traditional computer security. With the rapid development of quantum computers, some secure communication protocols based on certain mathematical problems will face a significant danger, and quantum properties can be used to construct quantum secure communication and quantum cryptography that can achieve unconditional security. Among many topics of quantum cryptography, quantum secret sharing (QSS) is an important and challenging issue that provides scenarios to store highly sensitive, important, and confidential information. In this article, we systematically illustrate the development of QSS and how it operates, as well as its challenging issues and future directions. © 2007-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Soliton Solutions for Coupled Nonlinear Generalized Zakharov Equations with Anti-cubic Nonlinearity Using Various Techniques

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International Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics 2024年第1期10卷 1-30页

作者： AlQahtani, Salman A. Alngar, Mohamed E. M. New Emerging Technologies and 5G Network and Beyond Research Chair Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Basic Science Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Modern University for Technology and Information Cairo 11585 Egypt

This study introduces novel exact solutions for the coupled nonlinear generalized Zakharov equations with anti-cubic nonlinearity. Utilizing a variety of mathematical approaches, including the extended trial function method, the rational exp (-ψ(ξ))-expansion method, and three well-known auxiliary equation methods, a spectrum of solutions is derived. These solutions encompass dark solitons, bright solitons, singular solitons, Jacobi elliptic functions, periodic waves, and rational solutions. The unique contribution lies in the use of a phase variable θ(ξ) instead of a phase constant, providing fresh insights into wave behavior. A comparative analysis underscores the originality of the derived solutions, setting this work apart from prior studies. These findings advance our understanding of nonlinear dynamics and mathematical modeling, with potential applications in various domains. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited.

关键词： Coupled nonlinear generalized Zakharov equations Extended trial function method Rational exp(- ψ(ξ))-expansion method Soliton solutions Three famous auxiliary equation methods

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Three-dimensional ultrasound subwavelength arbitrary focusing with broadband sparse metalens

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第2期65卷 50-56页

作者： Xue Jiang JiaJie He ChuanXin Zhang HuaLiang Zhao WeiQi Wang DeAn Ta Cheng-Wei Qiu Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore

Ultrasound focusing in three-dimensional(3 D)space is of crucial and enduring significance in a variety of biomedical and industrial *** ultrasound focusing based on active phase array or passive geometry of bulky size is unable to realize the 3 D arbitrary focusing with subwavelength *** metamaterial of complex deep-subwavelength microstructure has facilitated the advanced airborne-sound-focusing but is inevitably not applicable for underwater ultrasound,restricted by the law between the multi-modes coupling/thermal viscosity and the feature size of the ***,we aim to circumvent the restriction by increasing the feature size of the metamaterial while keeping the compact overall geometry,and realize the robust subwavelength ultrasound focusing with the sparse metalens of the wavelength-scale *** theoretically propose and demonstrate numerically and experimentally the broadband arbitrary ultrasound focusing in 3 D *** axial and off-axis ultrasound focusing with the subwavelength resolution(FWHM<0.58λ)are achieved by the spatially sparse and compact metalens within one-octave *** advantages of 3 D freewheeling focusing,subwavelength resolution,spatial sparsity,geometric simplicity,and broadband,the sparse metalens would offer more initiatives to advanced researches in ultrasound focusing and empower applications such as precise biomedical imaging and therapy,nondestructive evaluation,integrated and multiplexed ultrasound devices.

关键词： broadband ultrasound focusing sparse metalens subwavelength resolution three-dimensional focusing

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Downscaling Taiwan precipitation with a residual deep learning approach

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Geoscience Letters 2024年第1期11卷 23页

作者： Hsu, Li-Huan Chiang, Chou-Chun Lin, Kuan-Ling Lin, Hsin-Hung Chu, Jung-Lien Yu, Yi-Chiang Fahn, Chin-Shyurng National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction New Taipei City 231007 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106335 Taiwan

In response to the growing demand for high-resolution rainfall data to support disaster prevention in Taiwan, this study presents an innovative approach for downscaling precipitation data. We employed a hierarchical architecture of Multi-Scale Residual networks (MSRN) to downscale rainfall from a coarse 0.25-degree resolution to a fine 0.0125-degree resolution, representing a substantial challenge due to a resolution increase of over 20 times. Our results demonstrate that the hierarchical MSRN outperforms both the one-step MSRN and linear interpolation methods when reconstructing high-resolution daily rainfall. It surpasses the linear interpolation method by 15.1 and 9.1% in terms of mean absolute error and root mean square error, respectively. Furthermore, the hierarchical MSRN excels in accurately reproducing high-resolution rainfall for various rainfall thresholds, displaying minimal biases. The threat score (TS) highlights the hierarchical MSRN's capability to replicate extreme rainfall events, achieving TS scores exceeding 0.54 and 0.46 at rainfall thresholds of 350 and 500 mm per day, outperforming alternative methods. This method is also applied to an operational global model, the ECMWF’s daily rainfall forecasts over Taiwan. The evaluation results indicate that our approach is effective at improving rainfall forecasts for thresholds greater than 100 mm per day, with more significant improvement for the 1- to 3-day lead forecast. This approach also offers a realistic visual representation of fine-grained rainfall distribution, showing promise for making significant contributions to disaster preparedness and weather forecasting in Taiwan. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Deep learning Downscaling Precipitation forecasting Residual network Super-resolution

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Robust Facial Biometric Authentication System Using Pupillary Light Reflex for Liveness Detection of Facial Images

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 725-739页

作者： Puja S.Prasad Adepu Sree Lakshmi Sandeep Kautish Simar Preet Singh Rajesh Kumar Shrivastava Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Hossam M.Zawbaa Ali Wagdy Mohamed CSE Department Geethanjali College of EngineeringHyderabadTelangana501301India Department of Computer Science LBEF CampusKathmandu44600Nepal School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia CeADAR Ireland’s Centre for AI Technological University DublinDublinD07 EWV4Ireland Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

Pupil dynamics are the important characteristics of face spoofing *** face recognition system is one of the most used biometrics for authenticating individual *** main threats to the facial recognition system are different types of presentation attacks like print attacks,3D mask attacks,replay attacks,*** proposed model uses pupil characteristics for liveness detection during the authentication *** pupillary light reflex is an involuntary reaction controlling the pupil’s diameter at different light *** proposed framework consists of two-phase *** the first phase,the pupil’s diameter is calculated by applying stimulus(light)in one eye of the subject and calculating the constriction of the pupil size on both eyes in different video *** above measurement is converted into feature space using Kohn and Clynes model-defined *** Support Vector Machine is used to classify legitimate subjects when the diameter change is normal(or when the eye is alive)or illegitimate subjects when there is no change or abnormal oscillations of pupil behavior due to the presence of printed photograph,video,or 3D mask of the subject in front of the *** the second phase,we perform the facial recognition ***-invariant feature transform(SIFT)is used to find the features from the facial images,with each feature having a size of a 128-dimensional *** features are scale,rotation,and orientation invariant and are used for recognizing facial *** brute force matching algorithm is used for matching features of two different *** threshold value we considered is 0.08 for good *** analyze the performance of the framework,we tested our model in two Face antispoofing datasets named Replay attack datasets and CASIA-SURF datasets,which were used because they contain the videos of the subjects in each sample having three modalities(RGB,IR,Depth).The CASIA-SURF datasets showed an 89.9%Equal Err

关键词： SIFT pupil CASIA-SURF pupillary light reflex replay attack dataset brute force

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