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Spanning trees of recursive scale-free graphs

Physical Review E 2022年第2期105卷 024312-024312页

作者： C. Tyler Diggans Erik M. Bollt Daniel ben-Avraham Clarkson Center for Complex Systems Science Clarkson University Potsdam New York 13699 USA Department of Physics Clarkson University Potsdam New York 13699 USA Air Force Research Laboratory: Information Directorate Rome New York 13441 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam New York 13699 USA

We present a link-by-link rule-based method for constructing all members of the ensemble of spanning trees for any recursively generated, finitely articulated graph, such as the Dorogovtsev-Goltsev-Mendes (DGM) net. The recursions allow for many large-scale properties of the ensemble of spanning trees to be analytically solved exactly. We show how a judicious application of the prescribed growth rules selects for certain subsets of the spanning trees with particular desired properties (small world, extended diameter, degree distribution, etc.), and thus approximates and/or provides solutions to several optimization problems on undirected and unweighted networks. The analysis of spanning trees enhances the usefulness of recursive graphs as sophisticated models for everyday life complex networks.

关键词： Coupled oscillators Exhaustive network search network formation & growth network optimization

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Benchmarking quantum gates and circuits

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tripathi, Vinay Kowsari, Daria Saurav, Kumar Zhang, Haimeng Levenson-Falk, Eli M. Lidar, Daniel A. Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Center for Quantum Information Science and Technology University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Department of Chemistry University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States

Accurate noise characterization in quantum gates and circuits is vital for the development of reliable quantum simulations for chemically relevant systems and fault-tolerant quantum computing. This paper reviews a variety of key benchmarking techniques, including Randomized Benchmarking, Quantum Process Tomography, Gate Set Tomography, Process Fidelity Estimation, Direct Fidelity Estimation, and Cross-Entropy Benchmarking. We evaluate each method’s complexities, the resources they require, and their effectiveness in addressing coherent, incoherent, and state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors. Furthermore, we introduce Deterministic Benchmarking (DB), a novel protocol that minimizes the number of experimental runs, exhibits resilience to SPAM errors, and effectively characterizes both coherent and incoherent errors. The implementation of DB is experimentally validated using a superconducting transmon qubit, and the results are substantiated with a simple analytical model and master equation simulations. With the addition of DB to the toolkit of available benchmarking methods, this article serves as a practical guide for choosing and applying benchmarking protocols to advance quantum computing technologies. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Investigating the interrelationships between the barriers of green computing adoption: TISM-MICMAC-DEMATEL method

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Quality and Quantity 2024年第1期59卷 507-570页

作者： Dalvi-Esfahani, Mohammad Nilashi, Mehrbakhsh Abumalloh, Rabab Ali Thurasamy, Ramayah Ahmad, Muhammad Shakil Blockchain Fintech and Cryptocurrency Research Group University of Southampton Malaysia Johor Iskandar Puteri 79100 Malaysia UCSI Graduate Business School UCSI University No. 1 Jalan Menara Gading UCSI Heights Cheras Kuala Lumpur 56000 Malaysia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Qatar University Doha 2713 Qatar School of Management Universiti Sains Malaysia Minden Penang 11800 Malaysia Department of Information Technology and Management Daffodil International University Birulia Bangladesh Department of Management Sunway Business School (SBS) Selangor Petaling Jaya 47500 Malaysia University Center for Research & amp Development (UCRD) Chandigarh University Punjab Ludhiana 140413 India Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Indonesia (UI) West Java Depok City 16424 Indonesia Management Information Systems Department School of Business The University of Jordan (UJ) Amman 11942 Jordan TUIBS Leadership Management & amp Human Resources Teesside University Middlesbrough United Kingdom Faculty of Business Sohar University Sohar P.C 311 Oman

While a considerable body of research addresses firms’ endeavors toward environmental sustainability, the prominence of green computing has been somewhat eclipsed by impediments hindering its swift integration and development. To address this gap, this study conducted a comprehensive analysis, identifying twelve distinct barriers categorized into adoption costs, technological challenges, and internal obstacles. Through consultation with fifteen field experts, the study employed Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Matrice d’Impacts Croises Multipication Applique´ an Classment (MICMAC) methodologies to scrutinize the influences among these barriers. The findings illuminated that firm size and legal constraints emerge as pivotal and autonomous factors exerting substantial influence on the adoption. Additionally, the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was deployed to ascertain the relative importance of these barriers and delineate their causal relationships. Notably, the DEMATEL results underscored that, according to experts, adoption cost barriers hold greater significance compared to other dimensions. Transactional risk, technological complexity, and switching cost were identified as pivotal barriers within their respective dimensions. The decision-making framework formulated in this study offers valuable insights for managers and practitioners, providing a nuanced understanding of the interplay between identified barriers and their implications for implementing green computing initiatives. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.

关键词： Barriers DEMATEL Green computing MICMAC Total interpretive structural modeling

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Learning from noisy labels via dynamic loss thresholding

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yang, Hao Jin, Youzhi Li, Ziyin Wang, Deng-Bao Miao, Lei Geng, Xin Zhang, Min-Ling School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Southeast University Ministry of Education China AI Technology Application Department Huawei Technologies Collaborative Innovation Center of Wireless Communications Technology China

Numerous researches have proved that deep neural networks (DNNs) can fit everything in the end even given data with noisy labels, and result in poor generalization performance. However, recent studies suggest that DNNs tend to gradually memorize the data, moving from correct data to mislabeled data. Inspired by this finding, we propose a novel method named Dynamic Loss Thresholding (DLT). During the training process, DLT records the loss value of each sample and calculates dynamic loss thresholds. Specifically, DLT compares the loss value of each sample with the current loss threshold. Samples with smaller losses can be considered as clean samples with higher probability and vice versa. Then, DLT discards the potentially corrupted labels and further leverages supervised learning techniques. Experiments on CIFAR-10/100 and Clothing1M demonstrate substantial improvements over recent state-of-the-art methods. In addition, we investigate two real-world problems for the first time. Firstly, we propose a novel approach to estimate the noise rates of datasets based on the loss difference between the early and late training stages of DNNs. Secondly, we explore the effect of hard samples (which are difficult to be distinguished) on the process of learning from noisy labels. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Editorial: Perspectives in brain-network dynamics in computational psychiatry

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Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience 2023年 17卷 1290089页

作者： Nobukawa, Sou Takahashi, Tetsuya Graduate School of Information and Computer Science Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino Japan Department of Computer Science Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino Japan Research Centre for Mathematical Engineering Chiba Institute of Technology Narashino Japan Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders National Institute of Medicine Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan Research Centre for Child Mental Development Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Fukui Yoshida Japan Uozu Shinkei Sanatorium Uozu Japan

In these multiscale neural activities, the network dynamics, which is captured by the degree of synchronization and information flow between pair-wise brain regional neural activities [called dynamic functional connectivity (dFC)], play an important role in coordinating the mutual interactions of neural activities (reviewed in Cohen, 2018; Luppi et al., 2022). [...]besides the pair-wise neural interactions, the temporal itinerancy of the global topology of the whole-brain functional network is present (Guan et al., 2022). Subsequently, a more rigid method for determining the length of a window based on the temporal transition of a quasistable spatial power distribution, called a microstate, was proposed (Guan et al., 2022; Yan et al., 2023). [...]instead of focusing on synchronization within the time-window, a technique of utilizing the instantaneous temporal patterns produced by neural interaction was also developed, which is required for achieving high temporal resolution to capture the characteristics of moment-to-moment dynamical functional connectivity (Nobukawa et al., 2019). Recent mathematical modeling of brain networks focuses on large hierarchical neural characteristics from the molecular/cellular and local neural circuit levels to the global whole brain level. [...]embedding disease-specific impairments into the modeled-brain network studies could reveal the mechanisms by which these individual impairments affect the alternations of brain network dynamics (Matsumoto et al., 2023; Park et al.; Zhu et al.). network dynamics in the physiological-data approach Studies in this decade have revealed that functional connectivity exhibits large temporal variability, even in the resting state, which is called dFC (Betzel et al., 2012; Hutchison et al., 2013; Allen et al., 2014; Calhoun et al., 2014; Hansen et al., 2015) (reviewed in Cohen, 2018).

关键词： models network dynamics neural circuits multi-temporal scale neuroimaging psychiatry

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Bit-width reduction in write counters for wear leveling in a phase-change memory system

Bit-width reduction in write counters for wear leveling in a...

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作者： Lee, Hyokeun Jung, Hyunmin Lee, Hyuk-Jae Kim, Hyun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Research Center for Electrical and Information Technology Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul01811 Korea Republic of

Phase-change memory (PCM) has garnered attention as a next-generation memory owing to its non-volatility and scalability. However, PCM wears out under excessive write accesses;hence, it must be supported by wear-leveling algorithms to uniformly distribute the number of accesses across the entire address space. Table-based wear leveling is one of the representative algorithms that stores a write counter for each address region for remapping frequently accessed addresses with lower overhead;however, write counters consume resources in a PCM system. In this study, a bit-width reduction method in write counters for wear leveling is proposed, where the method utilizes a stochastic finite-state machine to probabilistically count the number of write accesses. The proposed method shows only a 1.2% lifetime degradation using six bits for each counter, with 40% fewer resources spent on write counters when the endurance of a 4KB block is 1E+06. Copyrights © 2020 The Institute of Electronics and information Engineers

关键词： Phase change memory

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Research on the Rural Community Elderly Care Service Management Systems based on The Internet of Things 22

Research on the Rural Community Elderly Care Service Managem...

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Proceedings of the 2022 6th International Conference on Electronic information Technology and computer engineering

作者： Tingting Zhu Huarui Wu Cheng Chen Huaji Zhu School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering JiangSu University China Big Data and Intelligence Department Research Center of Information Technology Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences China and Key Laboratory of Digital Village Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs China Industrialization Department Research Center of Information Technology Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences China and Key Laboratory of Digital Village Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450397148

Under the background of the in-depth implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy, the conditions of public service facilities for the elderly have improved significantly in rural areas. However, the problem is that the asymmetry between the intelligent management and construction of the corresponding elderly care services is more prominent. It leads to the lagging management of elderly care services, poor service information, and other problems. In order to solve the above series of problems, we propose an IoT-based rural community elderly care service management system, which can effectively assist community elderly care. The designs of structure, function, and key technologies are discussed in this article. To provide more timely and accurate services for the elderly, the system can realize real-time data collection of behavior, vital signs, and the surrounding environment of the elderly, monitor and warn of abnormal situations.

关键词： Internet of Things service for the aged system design

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地理大数据揭示中国主要城市建成环境物质存量的空间格局

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engineering 2024年第3期34卷 143-153页

作者： Zhou Huang Yi Bao Ruichang Mao Han Wang Ganmin Yin Lin Wan Houji Qi Qiaoxuan Li Hongzhao Tang Qiance Liu Linna Li Bailang Yu Qinghua Guo Yu Liu Huadong Guo Gang Liu Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China SDU Life Cycle Engineering Department of Green TechnologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark Department of Construction Management School of Civil EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Geographical Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100048China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Geography California State UniversityLong BeachCA 90840USA Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The patterns of material accumulation in buildings and infrastructure accompanied by rapid urbanization offer an important,yet hitherto largely missing stock perspective for facilitating urban system engineering and informing urban resources,waste,and climate ***,our existing knowledge on the patterns of built environment stocks across and particularly within cities is limited,largely owing to the lack of sufficient high spatial resolution *** study leveraged multi-source big geodata,machine learning,and bottom-up stock accounting to characterize the built environment stocks of 50 cities in China at 500 m fine-grained *** per capita built environment stock of many cities(261 tonnes per capita on average)is close to that in western cities,despite considerable disparities across cities owing to their varying socioeconomic,geomorphology,and urban form *** is mainly owing to the construction boom and the building and infrastructure-driven economy of China in the past ***’s urban expansion tends to be more“vertical”(with high-rise buildings)than“horizontal”(with expanded road networks).It trades skylines for space,and reflects a concentration-dispersion-concentration pathway for spatialized built environment stocks development within cities in *** results shed light on future urbanization in developing cities,inform spatial planning,and support circular and low-carbon transitions in cities.

关键词： Urban system engineering Built environment stock Spatial pattern Urban sustainability Big geodata

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Green Routing Game: Strategic Logistical Planning using Mixed Fleets of ICEVs and EVs

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Sasahara, Hampei Dán, György Amin, Saurabh Sandberg, Henrik The Department of Systems and Control Engineering School of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8552 Japan The Division of Network and Systems Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kth Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden The Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kth Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden

This paper introduces a "green" routing game between multiple logistic operators (players), each owning a mixed fleet of internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) and electric vehicle (EV) trucks. Each player faces the cost of delayed delivery (due to charging requirements of EVs) and a pollution cost levied on the ICEVs. This cost structure models: 1) limited battery capacity of EVs and their charging requirement;2) shared nature of charging facilities;3) pollution cost levied by regulatory agency on the use of ICEVs. We characterize Nash equilibria of this game and derive a condition for its uniqueness. We also use the gradient projection method to compute this equilibrium in a distributed manner. Our equilibrium analysis is useful to analyze the trade-off faced by players in incurring higher delay due to congestion at charging locations when the share of EVs increases versus a higher pollution cost when the share of ICEVs increases. A numerical example suggests that to increase marginal pollution cost can dramatically reduce inefficiency of equilibria. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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DualSIN: Dual Sequential Interaction network for Human Intentional Mobility Prediction 20

DualSIN: Dual Sequential Interaction Network for Human Inten...

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28th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic information Systems, SIGSPATIAL GIS 2020

作者： Chen, Quanjun Jiang, Renhe Yang, Chuang Cai, Zekun Fan, Zipei Tsubouchi, Kota Shibasaki, Ryosuke Song, Xuan SUSTech-UTokyo Joint Research Center on Super Smart City Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology China Center for Spatial Information Science University of Tokyo Japan Yahoo Japan Corporation Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450380195

Nowadays, GPS devices have increased explosively and produced huge amounts of trajectory data related to people's outgoing. Through those big location data, many researches aim to analyze human mobility for urban development, such as human movement prediction/modeling, POI (Point-Of-Interest) recommendation. However, trajectory data only contains timestamp and location information. The intention of human movement is not explicit so that it is hard to understand why people go to somewhere. The intention prior to the activity could be of great significance for analyzing and predicting human mobility, which has not been taken into consideration by the existing researches until the present. Thus, in this study, we propose a brand-new concept called human intentional mobility, aiming to employ intention information to predict people's outgoing. We carefully utilize user's search query to sense his intention as well as the intensity. For instance, if a user searches a certain POI for many times in a short period, it will represent a relatively high intention to go there. Then, to fully utilize this intention representation for predicting whether user will visit searched POI or not, we specially design Dual Sequential Interaction network (DualSIN) as a novel and unique deep-learning model, which can effectively capture the sophisticated interactions among two kinds of sequential information (i.e., search sequence and mobility sequence) and typical categorical information (i.e., user attributes). Last, we evaluate our model on real-world dataset collected from Yahoo! Japan portal application, and demonstrate that it can achieve superior satisfactory performances to the-state-of-the-art models on multiple POI search queries. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： Ubiquitous computing

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