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arXiv 2024年

作者： Vezvaee, Arian Earnest-Noble, Nathan Najafi, Khadijeh Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States IBM Quantum IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown HeightsNY10598 United States IBM Quantum Research Triangle Park NC27709 United States MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab CambridgeMA02142 United States

The Fermi-Hubbard model, a fundamental framework for studying strongly correlated phenomena could significantly benefit from quantum simulations when exploring non-trivial settings. However, simulating this problem requires twice as many qubits as the physical sites, in addition to complicated on-chip connectivities and swap gates required to simulate the physical interactions. In this work, we introduce a novel quantum simulation approach utilizing qudits to overcome such complexities. Leveraging on the symmetries of the Fermi-Hubbard model and their intrinsic relation to Clifford algebras, we first demonstrate a Qudit Fermionic Mapping (QFM) that reduces the encoding cost associated with the qubit-based approach. We then describe the unitary evolution of the mapped Hamiltonian by interpreting the resulting Majorana operators in terms of physical single- and two-qudit gates. While the QFM can be used for any quantum hardware with four accessible energy levels, we demonstrate the specific reduction in overhead resulting from utilizing the native Controlled-SUM gate (equivalent to qubit CNOT) for a fixed-frequency ququart transmon. We further transpile the resulting two transmon-qudit gates by demonstrating a qudit operator Schmidt decomposition using the Controlled-SUM gate. Finally, we demonstrate the efficacy of our proposal by numerical simulation of local observables such as the filling factor and Green’s function for various Trotter steps. The compatibility of our approach with different qudit platforms paves the path for achieving quantum advantage in simulating non-trivial quantum many-body systems. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Hubbard model

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Analog Quantum Simulator of a Quantum Field Theory with Fermion-Spin Systems in Silicon

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Rad, Ali Schuckert, Alexander Crane, Eleanor Nambiar, Gautam Fei, Fan Wyrick, Jonathan Silver, Richard M. Hafezi, Mohammad Davoudi, Zohreh Gullans, Michael J. Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Joint Quantum Institute NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States The NSF Institute for Robust Quantum Simulation University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Atom Scale Device Group National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Simulating fermions coupled to spin degrees of freedom, relevant for a range of quantum field theories, represents a promising application for quantum simulators. Mapping fermions to qubits is challenging in 2 + 1 and higher spacetime dimensions, and mapping bosons demands substantial quantum-computational overhead. These features complicate the realization of mixed fermion-boson quantum systems in digital quantum computers. We propose a native fermion-(large-)spin analog quantum simulator by utilizing dopant arrays in silicon. Specifically, we show how to use a dynamical lattice of coupled nuclear spins and conduction-band electrons to realize a quantum field theory: an extended Jackiw-Rebbi model involving coupled fermions and quantum rotors. We demonstrate the feasibility of observing dynamical mass generation and a confinement-deconfinement quantum phase transition in 1+1 dimensions on this platform, even in the presence of strong long-range Coulomb interactions. Furthermore, we employ finite-temperature Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov simulations to investigate the dynamics of mass generation in two-dimensional square and honeycomb arrays, showing that this phenomenon can be simulated with realistic experimental parameters. Our findings reveal two distinct phases, and demonstrate robustness against the addition of Coulomb interactions. Finally, we discuss experimental signatures of the phases through transport and local charge sensing in dopant arrays. This study lays the foundation for quantum simulations of quantum field theories exhibiting fermions coupled to spin degrees of freedom using donors in silicon. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Adaptive Drop Approaches to Train Spiking-YOLO network for Traffic Flow Counting

Research Square

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Research Square 2024年

作者： Zhang, Bin Wu, Liangshun Liu, Peilin Juan, Hu Luo, Meizhen Peng, Ling School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China Department of Computer City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Xinjiang University of Political Science and Law Tumushuke150060 China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China College of Huanggang Normal University Huanggang China Graduate School Binary University of Managment & Entrepreneurship Malaysia Huanggang Real Estate Registration Center Huanggang Land and Resources Bureau Huanggang China

Traffic flow counting is an object detection problem. YOLO (" You Only Look Once ") is a popular object detection network. Spiking-YOLO converts the YOLO network from ANN(artificial neural network) to SNN (spiking neural network), which consumes less power than YOLO. However, Spiking-YOLO is difficult to train and has poor accuracy because of overfitting. Dropout and DropConnect are two methods to regularize neural network models and have produced cutting-edge outcomes in many benchmarks. The two drop approaches are first applied to Spiking-YOLO. Considering that a higher membrane potential of a biological neuron implies a higher probability of neural activation, we propose three adaptive drop algorithms—Spiking-YOLO with adaptive Dropout, Spiking-YOLO with adaptive DropConnect, and Spiking-YOLO with group adaptive Drop, which adaptively adjusts the keep probability for training SNNs. The experimental results show that the adaptive algorithms have fast convergence speed with high detection accuracy and mAP value, and work well in the case of high-speed streaming video, making them suitable for online learning scenarios. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Object detection

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A K-Nearest Centroid Neighbor with attention Classifier 2021

A K-Nearest Centroid Neighbor with attention Classifier

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2021 5th International Conference on computer science and Artificial Intelligence

作者： Rui Huang Ying Ma Tian Wang GuoQi Li Ming Yan Department of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology China Beijing Normal University (BNU Zhuhai) China Department of Precision Instrument Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781450384155

Among classic algorithms of data mining, the K-nearest neighbor based methods are simple and effective pattern classification algorithms. However, most KNN-based methods do not fully take into account the impact of different training sample points on classification, lead to inaccurate classification. To address this issue, we propose a scheme named Attention-based local mean K-Nearest Centroid Neighbor Classifier (ALMKNCN), combining nearest centroid neighbor with attention mechanism, the influence of each training sample on the query sample is fully considered. Given the query pattern, we first calculate the local centroid mean vector for each class, and then use the idea of attention mechanism to calculate the weight of pseudo-distance between each class and test sample. Finally, based on attention coefficient, the distances between the query sample and local mean vectors are weighted to determine the class of the query sample. Extensive experiments on UCI and KEEL data sets are carried out by comparing ALMKNCN to the state-of-art KNN-based methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ALMKNCN outperforms the related competitive KNN-based methods with more effectiveness.

关键词： Pattern classification Attention mechanism Data mining K-Nearest Neighbor

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networks and Identity Drive Geographic Properties of the Diffusion of Linguistic Innovation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ananthasubramaniam, Aparna Jurgens, David Romero, Daniel M. School of Information University of Michigan 105 S State St Michigan Ann Arbor48109 United States Computer Science and Engineering Division Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Michigan 2260 Hayward St Ann ArborMI48109 United States Center for the Study of Complex Systems University of Michigan 500 Church St Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Adoption of cultural innovation (e.g., music, beliefs, language) is often geographically correlated, with adopters largely residing within the boundaries of relatively few well-studied, socially significant areas. These cultural regions are often hypothesized to be the result of either (i) identity performance driving the adoption of cultural innovation, or (ii) homophily in the networks underlying diffusion. In this study, we show that demographic identity and network topology are both required to model the diffusion of innovation, as they play complementary roles in producing its spatial properties. We develop an agent-based model of cultural adoption, and validate geographic patterns of transmission in our model against a novel dataset of innovative words that we identify from a 10% sample of Twitter. Using our model, we are able to directly compare a combined network + identity model of diffusion to simulated network-only and identity-only counterfactuals-allowing us to test the separate and combined roles of network and identity. While social scientists often treat either network or identity as the core social structure in modeling culture change, we show that key geographic properties of diffusion actually depend on both factors as each one influences different mechanisms of diffusion. Specifically, the network principally drives spread among urban counties via weak-tie diffusion, while identity plays a disproportionate role in transmission among rural counties via strong-tie diffusion. Diffusion between urban and rural areas, a key component in innovation diffusing nationally, requires both network and identity. Our work suggests that models must integrate both factors in order to understand and reproduce the adoption of innovation. © 2022, CC0.

关键词： Topology

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A novel machine learning model for efficacy prediction of immunotherapy-chemotherapy in NSCLC based on CT radiomics

引用

computers in Biology and Medicine 2024年 178卷 108638-108638页

作者： Li, Chengye Zhou, Zhifeng Hou, Lingxian Hu, Keli Wu, Zongda Xie, Yupeng Ouyang, Jinsheng Cai, Xueding Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The First Affliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou325000 China Wenzhou University Library Wenzhou325035 China Rehabilitation Department Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Wenzhou325000 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shaoxing University Shaoxing312000 China Information Technology R&D Innovation Center of Peking University Shaoxing312000 China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou325000 China

Lung cancer is categorized into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer. Of these, NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all cases and encompasses varieties such as squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. For patients with advanced NSCLC that do not have oncogene addiction, the preferred treatment approach is a combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the progression-free survival (PFS) typically ranges only from about 6 to 8 months, accompanied by certain adverse events. In order to carry out individualized treatment more effectively, it is urgent to accurately screen patients with PFS for more than 12 months under this treatment regimen. Therefore, this study undertook a retrospective collection of pulmonary CT images from 60 patients diagnosed with NSCLC treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. It developed a machine learning model, designated as bSGSRIME-SVM, which integrates the rime optimization algorithm with self-adaptive Gaussian kernel probability search (SGSRIME) and support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Specifically, the model initiates its process by employing the SGSRIME algorithm to identify pivotal image features. Subsequently, it utilizes an SVM classifier to assess these features, aiming to enhance the model's predictive accuracy. Initially, the superior optimization capability and robustness of SGSRIME in IEEE CEC 2017 benchmark functions were validated. Subsequently, employing color moments and gray-level co-occurrence matrix methods, image features were extracted from images of 60 NSCLC patients undergoing immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy. The developed model was then utilized for analysis. The results indicate a significant advantage of the model in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for NSCLC, with an accuracy of 92.381% and a specificity of 96.667%. This lays the foundation for more accurate PFS predictions and

关键词： Chemotherapy

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Conflict-Free Coloring: Graphs of Bounded Clique Width and Intersection Graphs

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Bhyravarapu, Sriram Hartmann, Tim A. Hoang, Hung P. Kalyanasundaram, Subrahmanyam Reddy, I. Vinod The Institute of Mathematical Sciences HBNI Chennai India CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security Germany Algorithms and Complexity Group TU Wien Austria Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Hyderabad India Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science IIT Bhilai India

A conflict-free coloring of a graph G is a (partial) coloring of its vertices such that every vertex u has a neighbor whose assigned color is unique in the neighborhood of u. There are two variants of this coloring, one defined using the open neighborhood and one using the closed neighborhood. For both variants, we study the problem of deciding whether the conflict-free coloring of a given graph G is at most a given number k. In this work, we investigate the relation of clique-width and minimum number of colors needed (for both variants) and show that these parameters do not bound one another. Moreover, we consider specific graph classes, particularly graphs of bounded clique-width and types of intersection graphs, such as distance hereditary graphs, interval graphs and unit square and disk graphs. We also consider Kneser graphs and split graphs. We give (often tight) upper and lower bounds and determine the complexity of the decision problem on these graph classes, which improve some of the results from the literature. Particularly, we settle the number of colors needed for an interval graph to be conflict-free colored under the open neighborhood model, which was posed as an open problem. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Color

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Nonlinear dielectric geometric-phase metasurface with simultaneous structure and lattice symmetry design

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Bingyi Geromel, René Su, Zhaoxian Guo, Kai Wang, Yongtian Guo, Zhongyi Huang, Lingling Zentgraf, Thomas School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China Department of Physics Paderborn University Paderborn33098 Germany School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Institute for Photonic Quantum Systems Paderborn University Paderborn33098 Germany

In this work, we utilize thin dielectric meta-atoms placed on a silver substrate to efficiently enhance and manipulate the third harmonic generation. We theoretically and experimentally reveal that when the structural symmetry of the meta-atom is incompatible with the lattice symmetry of an array, some generalized nonlinear geometric phases appear, which offers new possibilities for harmonic generation control beyond the accessible symmetries governed by the selection rule. The underlying mechanism is attributed to the modified rotation of the effective principal axis of a dense meta-atom array, where the strong coupling among the units gives rise to a generalized linear geometric phase modulation on the pump light. Therefore, nonlinear geometric phases carried by the third-harmonic emissions are the natural result of the wave-mixing process among the modes excited at the fundamental frequency. This mechanism further points out a new strategy to predict the nonlinear geometric phases delivered by the nanostructures according to their linear responses. Our design is simple and efficient, and offers alternatives for the nonlinear meta-devices that are capable of flexible photon generation and manipulation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Harmonic generation

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ZTEI: Zero-Trust and Edge Intelligence Empowered Continuous Authentication for Satellite networks

ZTEI: Zero-Trust and Edge Intelligence Empowered Continuous ...

引用

GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Peiyu Fu Jun Wu Xi Lin Ao Shen School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Integrated Administration Technologies for Information Security Shanghai China Collaborative Innovation Center of Shanghai Industrial Internet Shanghai China Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University Japan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435413

The integration of satellite communication technology and terrestrial infrastructure has resulted in an un-precedented increase in network services covering the world. The main effect of the rapid growth of satellite networks is a broader range of data exchange and business interaction between the internal and external systems, making the network boundaries blur or even disappear. As a result, traditional passive security mechanisms based on dividing network boundaries cannot provide sufficient protection. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a zero-trust and edge intelligence (ZTEI) empowered continuous authentication for satellite networks. We build an improved zero-trust architecture (ZTA) for satellite networks, which expands the traditional zero-trust concept to the multi-dimensional zero-trust that focuses on subject, object, environment, behavior, and physical entity. Then we propose a continuous authentication scheme in the proposed zero-trust architecture, enabling proactive and continuous authentication by periodically monitoring and re-evaluating variable attributes throughout the request lifecycle. Besides, in this scheme, we also design a Neural-Backed Decision Trees (NBDTs) based edge intelligence algorithm to improve the authentication accuracy. Finally, we build a testbed to evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture. Compared with the attribute-based access control (ABAC) under the traditional zero-trust architecture, our proposed architecture can improve the authentication accuracy of dynamic illegal requests by about 27%. In addition, according to standard network performance evaluation criteria, the loss of processing performance caused by our solution is also within an acceptable range.

关键词： Performance evaluation Satellites Heuristic algorithms Authentication Zero Trust Global communication Decision trees

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Implementation of an Intelligent Animal Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor network and IoT Platform

Implementation of an Intelligent Animal Monitoring System Us...

引用

Cyber Resilience (ICCR), International Conference on

作者： Ateeq Ur Rehman Jehangir Arshad Muhammad Tariq Sadiq Abdul Rehman Munir Ahmad Mohammad Kamrul Hasan Hussam Al Hamadi Tauqeer Faiz Department of Electrical Engineering GC University Lahore Pakistan Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Lahore Campus COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Pakistan School of Architecture Technology and Engineering University of Brighton Brighton United Kingdome NCBAE School of Computer Science Lahore Pakistan Faculty of Information Science and Technology Center for Cyber Security Universiti Kebansaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Selangor Malaysia College of Engineering and IT University of Dubai School of IT Skyline University College Sharjah UAE Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science (FECS) - Swinburne University of Technology Australia

ISBN: (数字)9781665461221

ISBN: (纸本)9781665461238

Meat and dairy products are negatively impacted by a lack of technology in the livestock industry in developing countries. To cater for this challenge, the Internet of Things (IoT), Node-MCU, and intelligent wireless sensor nodes are deployed to create a new smart dairy monitoring system. A cow collar with a temperature sensor, a GPS module, and an environmental parameter regularization system are included. Data from modules is stored in a separate database using an innovative IoT -based front end. All the deployed WS nodes can determine whether the environment is stable or not at any given time. Sensors built inside cow collars can assess vital indications like temperature and pulse rate, as well as the animal's exact location. The design of the Cow collar also has a feature that automatically alerts the owner. The plug-and-play technology offered is designed to be easy to adapt. When a farm has many animals, automation decreases the need for human involvement and so lowers labor expenses. The exploitation of remote monitoring systems improves the health of the animals and hence yields a better amount of dairy. This study also includes a detailed comparison of the proposed implementation with current systems to demonstrate its originality. Other applications, such as smart monitoring of zoo animals and poultry, may be derived from the proposed technology.

关键词： Temperature sensors Wireless communication Temperature measurement Wireless sensor networks Animals Databases Cows

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