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Efficient Channel Estimation for Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Systems Enabled by Integrated Super-resolution Sensing and Communication

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Jingran Wang, Huizhi Zeng, Yong Xu, Xiaoli Wu, Qingqing Yang, Fei Chen, Yan Jamalipour, Abbas The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The Wireless Technology Lab. 2012 Lab Shanghai Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Shanghai201206 China The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Sydney CamperdownNSW2006 Australia

Integrated super-resolution sensing and communication (ISSAC) has emerged as a promising technology to achieve extremely high precision sensing for those key parameters, such as the angles of the sensing targets. In this paper, we propose an efficient channel estimation scheme enabled by ISSAC for millimeter wave (mmWave) and TeraHertz (THz) systems with a hybrid analog/digital beamforming architecture, where both the pilot overhead and the cost of radio frequency (RF) chains are significantly reduced. The key idea is to exploit the fact that subspace-based super-resolution algorithms such as multiple signal classification (MUSIC) can estimate channel parameters accurately without requiring dedicate a priori known pilots. In particular, the proposed method consists of two stages. First, the angles of the multi-path channel components are estimated in a pilot-free manner during the transmission of data symbols. Second, the multi-path channel coefficients are estimated with very few pilots. Compared to conventional channel estimation schemes that rely solely on channel training, our approach requires the estimation of much fewer parameters in the second stage. Furthermore, with channel multi-path angles obtained, the beamforming gain can be achieved when pilots are sent to estimate the channel path gains. To comprehensively investigate the performance of the proposed scheme, we consider both the basic line-of-sight (LoS) channels and more general multipath channels. We compare the performance of the minimum mean square error (MMSE) of channel estimation and the resulting beamforming gains of our proposed scheme with the traditional scheme that rely exclusively on channel training. It is demonstrated that our proposed method significantly outperforms the benchmarking scheme. Simulation results are presented to validate our theoretical findings. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mean square error

Comparative study of quantum emitter fabrication in wide bandgap materials using localized electron irradiation

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kumar, Anand Cholsuk, Chanaprom Mishuk, Mohammad N. Hazra, Mouli Pillot, Clotilde Matthes, Tjorben Shaik, Tanveer A. Çakan, Aslı Deckert, Volker Suwanna, Sujin Vogl, Tobias Department of Computer Engineering School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany Abbe Center of Photonics Institute of Applied Physics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena07745 Germany Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena07743 Germany Jena07745 Germany Optical and Quantum Physics Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok10400 Thailand

Quantum light sources are crucial foundational components for various quantum technology applications. With the rapid development of quantum technology, there has been a growing demand for materials with the capability of hosting quantum emitters. One such material platform uses fluorescent defects in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) that can host deep sub-levels within the band gap. The localized electron irradiation has shown its effectiveness in generating deep sub-levels to induce single emitters in hBN. The question is whether localized (electron beam) irradiation is a reliable tool for creating emitters in other wide bandgap materials and its uniqueness to hBN. Here, we investigate and compare the fabrication of quantum emitters in hBN and exfoliated muscovite mica flakes along with other 3D crystals, such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride, which are known to host quantum emitters. We use our primary fabrication technique of localized electron irradiation using a standard scanning electron microscope. To complement our experimental work, we employ density functional theory simulations to study the atomic structures of defects in mica. While our fabrication technique allows to create hBN quantum emitters with a high yield and high single photon purity, it is unable to fabricate single emitters in the other solid-state crystals under investigation. This allows us to draw conclusions on the emitter fabrication mechanism in hBN, which could rely on activating pre-existing defects by charge state manipulation. Therefore, we provide an essential step towards the identification of hBN emitters and their formation process. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Silicon carbide

Local Periodicity-Based Beat Tracking for Expressive Classical Piano Music

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chiu, Ching-Yu Müller, Meinard Davies, Matthew E.P. Su, Alvin Wen-Yu Yang, Yi-Hsuan The Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University Academia Sinica Taiwan The International Audio Laboratories Erlangen Germany The Department of Informatics Engineering Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra University of Coimbra Portugal The Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Yating Music Team Taiwan AI Labs Taiwan Research Center for IT Innovation Academia Sinica Taiwan

To model the periodicity of beats, state-of-the-art beat tracking systems use "post-processing trackers" (PPTs) that rely on several empirically determined global assumptions for tempo transition, which work well for music with a steady tempo. For expressive classical music, however, these assumptions can be too rigid. With two large datasets of Western classical piano music, namely the Aligned Scores and Performances (ASAP) dataset and a dataset of Chopin's Mazurkas (Maz-5), we report on experiments showing the failure of existing PPTs to cope with local tempo changes, thus calling for new methods. In this paper, we propose a new local periodicity-based PPT, called predominant local pulse-based dynamic programming (PLPDP) tracking, that allows for more flexible tempo transitions. Specifically, the new PPT incorporates a method called "predominant local pulses" (PLP) in combination with a dynamic programming (DP) component to jointly consider the locally detected periodicity and beat activation strength at each time instant. Accordingly, PLPDP accounts for the local periodicity, rather than relying on a global tempo assumption. Compared to existing PPTs, PLPDP particularly enhances the recall values at the cost of a lower precision, resulting in an overall improvement of F1-score for beat tracking in ASAP (from 0.473 to 0.493) and Maz-5 (from 0.595 to 0.838). © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Dynamic programming

Smart Fall Detection System: Kinect Depth and CNN Integrated Approach

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SSRN

SSRN 2022年

作者： Su, Mu-Chun Chen, Jieh-Haur Liao, Chia-Wei Hsu, Shu-Chien Hsieh, Yi-Zeng Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central University Jhongli Taoyuan320317 Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering Research Center of Smart Construction National Central University Jhongli Taoyuan320317 Taiwan Safety and Health Association of Taiwan Jhongli Taoyuan320317 Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106335 Taiwan

This study proposes a smart fall detection system integrating Kinect depth and convolutional neural network (CNN) approaches. The system uses raw data from Kinect depth images to locate the ground, identifies the foreground pixels with a background subtraction algorithm, and tracks the foreground for analysis. This paper compares the proposed system with four neural network types for evaluation and implementation including the support vector machine (SVM), backpropagation neural network (MLP), radial basal function neural network (RBF) and deep learning neural network (DNN). The findings demonstrate an efficient and reliable system with accuracy rate approximately at 95% with KAPPA at 0.96. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fall detection

Font Generation and Keypoint Ranking for Stroke Order of Chinese Characters by Deep Neural networks

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SN computer science 2021年第4期2卷 1-9页

作者： Li, Hao-Ting Jiang, Ming-Xiu Huang, Tzu-Ting Chiang, Chen-Kuo Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations and Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS) National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Determining the stroke order of a Chinese character image is challenging, because there is no explicit representation for image to sequence learning. This paper investigates the approach in Chinese character generation given just a few image samples of a specific font. Then, keypoint extraction for stroke decomposition and learning to rank method are proposed for obtaining stroke order. Since the same character can appear in multiple fonts, different font of Chinese character has distinct keypoints. Thus, it brings difficulties in acquiring stroke order. Generative Adversarial networks (GANs) is introduced to generate lots of Chinese character images with different fonts for training and testing the proposed method. The keypoint ranking model based on stroke extraction combining font transfer based on GANs is proposed to complete this task. Compared to other methods, our method can be accomplished without human annotation as initial hints in prediction stage. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method that achieved 0.9667 NDCG in average and up to 29.53% samples are higher than 0.98 NDCG.

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Complexity-constrained quantum thermodynamics

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Munson, Anthony Kothakonda, Naga Bhavya Teja Haferkamp, Jonas Halpern, Nicole Yunger Eisert, Jens Faist, Philippe Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Physics Department Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University MA02134 United States Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Quantum complexity measures the difficulty of realizing a quantum process, such as preparing a state or implementing a unitary. We present an approach to quantifying the thermodynamic resources required to implement a process if the process’s complexity is restricted. We focus on the prototypical task of information erasure, or Landauer erasure, wherein an n-qubit memory is reset to the all-zero state. We show that the minimum thermodynamic work required to reset an arbitrary state, via a complexity-constrained process, is quantified by the state’s complexity entropy. The complexity entropy therefore quantifies a trade-off between the work cost and complexity cost of resetting a state. If the qubits have a nontrivial (but product) Hamiltonian, the optimal work cost is determined by the complexity relative entropy. The complexity entropy quantifies the amount of randomness a system appears to have to a computationally limited observer. Similarly, the complexity relative entropy quantifies such an observer’s ability to distinguish two states. We prove elementary properties of the complexity (relative) entropy and determine the complexity entropy’s behavior under random circuits. Also, we identify information-theoretic applications of the complexity entropy. The complexity entropy quantifies the resources required for data compression if the compression algorithm must use a restricted number of gates. We further introduce a complexity conditional entropy, which arises naturally in a complexity-constrained variant of information-theoretic decoupling. Assuming that this entropy obeys a conjectured chain rule, we show that the entropy bounds the number of qubits that one can decouple from a reference system, as judged by a computationally bounded referee. Overall, our framework extends the resource-theoretic approach to thermodynamics to integrate a notion of time, as quantified by complexity. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Entropy

Convolutional neural networks for face anti-spoofing and liveness detection 6

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Convolutional neural networks for face anti-spoofing and liv...

6th International Conference on Systems and Informatics, ICSAI 2019

作者： Lin, Hsueh-Yi Sean Su, Yu-Wei Lunghwa University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Information and Network Engineering Taoyuan County Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728152561

In past few decades, the development of the biometric identification techniques, such as fingerprint, iris, finger vein, and so on, has become quite mature and related applications have become very popular. The advance of GPU acceleration techniques and the impact of deep neural networks increase not only the accuracy, but also the popularity of face recognition systems. Although face recognition systems alleviate the problem of person identification, their applications would reveal a new challenging task, that is face spoofing and presentation attacks. No matter in a form of photos, videos, or 3D masks, face spoofing attacks can not only restrict the application of a face recognition system, but also increase its vulnerability in regard of security issues. Consequently, in this paper, a deep neural network scheme for face anti-spoofing and liveness detection is proposed to prevent the existing face recognition systems from common face spoofing attacks. The experimental results have demonstrated the robustness of the proposed method against print, cut, and replay attacks. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

Matching-theory-based multi-user cooperative computing framework

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhou, Ya Zhang, Guopeng Wang, Kezhi Yang, Kun Engineering Research Center of Mine Digitalization Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Technology China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China Department of Computer and Information Science Northumbria University NewcastleNE1 8ST United Kingdom School of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

In this paper, we propose a matching theory based multi-user cooperative computing (MUCC) scheme to minimize the overall energy consumption of a group of user equipments (UEs), where the UEs can be classified into the following roles: resource demander (RD), resource provider (RP), and standalone UE (SU). We first determine the role of each UE by leveraging the roommate matching method. Then, we propose the college admission based algorithm to divide the UEs into multiple cooperation groups, each consisting of one RP and multiple RDs. Next, we propose the rotation swap operation to further improve the performance without deteriorating the system stability. Finally, we present an effective task offloading algorithm to minimize the energy consumption of all the cooperation groups. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy utilization

Teaching information Security Management Using an Incident of Intellectual Property Leakage 31

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Teaching Information Security Management Using an Incident o...

31st Australasian Conference on information Systems, ACIS 2019

作者： Ahmad, Atif Maynard, Sean B. Motahhir, Sameen Alshaikh, Moneer School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC Australia Center for Digital Humanities Department of Languages and Linguistics Information Technology University Lahore Pakistan Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Case-based learning (CBL) is a powerful pedagogical method of creating dialogue between theory and practice. CBL is particularly suited to executive learning as it instigates critical discussion and draws out relevant experiences. In this paper we used a real-world case to teach information Security Management to students in Management information Systems. The real-world case is described in a legal indictment (T-mobile USA Inc v. Huawei Device USA Inc. and Huawei Technologies Co. LTD) alleging theft of intellectual property (trade secrets) and breaches of contract concerning confidentiality and disclosure of sensitive information. The incident concerns a mobile phone testing robot (Tappy) developed by T-mobile USA to automate testing of mobile phones prior to launch. T-mobile alleges Huawei stole the technology by copying the robot’s specifications and stealing parts and software to develop its own testing robot. The incident scenario is interesting as it relates to a business asset that has both digital and physical components that has been compromised through an unconventional cyber-physical attack facilitated by insiders. The scenario sparked an interesting debate among students about the scope and definition of security incidents, the role and structure of the security unit, the utility of compliance-based approaches to security, and the inadequate use of threat intelligence in modern security strategies. © 2020 Ahmad, Maynard, Motahhir & Alshaikh.

关键词： Cybersecurity