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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhao, Haotian Chen, Ruifeng Yan, Jing Feng, Juan Xiang, Jun Chen, Yang Liang, Dong Li, Yinsheng Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Laboratory of Image Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Southeast University Nanjing China X-Ray Department United Imaging Healthcare Limited Company Shanghai China Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications Southeast University Nanjing China Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China

—To shorten the door-to-puncture time for better treating patients with acute ischemic stroke, it is highly desired to obtain quantitative cerebral perfusion images using C-arm conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) equipped in the interventional suite. However, limited by the slow gantry rotation speed, the temporal resolution and temporal sampling density of typical C-arm CBCT are much poorer than those of multi-detector-row CT in the diagnostic imaging suite. The current quantitative perfusion imaging includes two cascaded steps, time-resolved image reconstruction and perfusion parametric estimation. For time-resolved image reconstruction, technical challenge imposed by poor temporal resolution and poor sampling density causes inaccurate quantification of the temporal variation of cerebral artery and tissue attenuation values. For perfusion parametric estimation, it remains a technical challenge to appropriately design the handcrafted regularization for better solving the associated deconvolution problem. These two challenges together prevent from obtaining quantitatively accurate perfusion images using C-arm CBCT. The purpose of this work is to simultaneously address these two challenges via combining the two cascaded steps into a single joint optimization problem and reconstructing quantitative perfusion images directly from the measured sinogram data. In the developed direct cerebral perfusion parametric image reconstruction technique, TRAINER in short, the quantitative perfusion images have been represented as a subject-specific conditional generative model trained under the constraint of the time-resolved CT forward model, perfusion convolutional model, and the subject’s own measured sinogram data. Results shown in this paper demonstrated that using TRAINER, quantitative cerebral perfusion images can be accurately obtained using C-arm CBCT in the interventional suite. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Lightweight Iot Security Framework for Inventory Management System

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Batra, Isha Malik, Arun Kavita, Kavita Verma, Sahil Khurma, Ruba Abu Shah, Mohd Asif Mallik, Saurav Lovely Professional University Punjab Phagwara India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Uttaranchal University Uttarakhand Dehradun248007 India Universidade Federal do Piauí Piauí Teresina64049-550 Brazil MEU Research Unit Faculty of Information Technology Middle East University Amman11831 Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman11931 Jordan Department of Economics Kardan University Parwane Du Kabul1001 Afghanistan Department of Environmental Health Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health BostonMA02115 United States Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Chandigarh University India The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler United States

The primary groundwork of this research work is to encourage the belief of users in IoT by securing data from unauthorized reading and modification and preserving privacy of the users. This research work proposes a lightweight data security (LDS) algorithm for inventory management systems. The LDS algorithm offers an optimal balance between security and efficiency, and it is well-suited for constrained environments such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The LDS algorithm employs a combination of ARX (Addition, Rotation, and XOR) operations over 20 rounds to safeguard data. With a 128-bit shared key and block size of 64 bits, LDS excels in data confidentiality and integrity while maintaining efficiency. To evaluate the effectiveness of LDS, a comprehensive comparison is made with existing lightweight security algorithms, including SPECK, SIMON, FANTOMAS, and TWINE. The results demonstrate LDS's superiority in terms of execution time, memory requirements, throughput, avalanche effect, and energy efficiency. The conventional cryptographic algorithms are not apt for the IoT scenarios as they are computationally expensive and require a lot of memory. Light weight algorithms are well suited for constrained environments as they perform with the same level of security as conventional algorithms but require less execution time and have less processing requirement. A trade-off is always maintained between security and performance in the case of lightweight algorithms. The proposed LDS algorithm is a promising lightweight data security solution for IoT applications. It offers a good balance between security and efficiency, and it can be easily implemented on resource-constrained devices. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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An Evolutionary Pathway for the Quantum Internet Relying on Secure Classical Repeaters

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Long, Gui-Lu Pan, Dong Sheng, Yu-Bo Xue, Qikun Lu, Jianhua Hanzo, Lajos State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University The Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijng 100084 China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing100193 China College of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China School of Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University The Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology The Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing100084 China School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

Until quantum repeaters become mature, quantum networks remain restricted either to limited areas of directly connected nodes or to nodes connected to a common node. We circumvent this limitation by conceiving quantum networks using secure classical repeaters combined with the quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) principle, which is a compelling form of quantum communication that directly transmits information over quantum channel. The final component of this promising solution is our classical quantum-resistant algorithm. Explicitly, in these networks, the ciphertext gleaned from a quantum-resistant algorithm is transmitted using QSDC along the nodes, where it is read out and then transmitted to the next node. At the repeaters, the information is protected by our quantum-resistant algorithm, which is secure even in the face of a quantum computer. Hence, our solution offers secure end-to-end communication across the entire network, since it is capable of both eavesdropping detection and prevention in the emerging quantum internet. It is compatible with operational networks, and will enjoy the compelling services of the popular Internet, including authentication. Hence, it smoothens the transition from the classical Internet to the Quantum Internet (Qinternet) by following a gradual evolutionary upgrade. It will act as an alternative network in quantum computing networks in the future. We have presented the first experimental demonstration of a secure classical repeater based hybrid quantum network constructed by a serial concatenation of an optical fiber and free-space communication link. In conclusion, secure repeater networks may indeed be constructed using existing technology and continue to support a seamless evolutionary pathway to the future Qinternet of quantum computers. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Bound on annealing performance from stochastic thermodynamics, with application to simulated annealing

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Physical Review E 2023年第5期108卷 054119-054119页

作者： Yutong Luo Yi-Zheng Zhen Xiangjing Liu Daniel Ebler Oscar Dahlsten Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai 201315 China Theory Lab Central Research Institute 2012 Labs Huawei Technology Co. Ltd. Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong SAR China Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Institute of Nanoscience and Applications Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

Annealing is the process of gradually lowering the temperature of a system to guide it towards its lowest energy states. In an accompanying paper [Y. Luo et al., Phys. Rev. E 108, L052105 (2023)], we derived a general bound on annealing performance by connecting annealing with stochastic thermodynamics tools, including a speed limit on state transformation from entropy production. We here describe the derivation of the general bound in detail. In addition, we analyze the case of simulated annealing with Glauber dynamics in depth. We show how to bound the two case-specific quantities appearing in the bound, namely the activity, a measure of the number of microstate jumps, and the change in relative entropy between the state and the instantaneous thermal state, which is due to temperature variation. We exemplify the arguments by numerical simulations on the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model of spin glasses.

关键词： Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics Quantum statistical mechanics

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Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformers

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Sun, Yasheng Xu, Zhiliang Zhou, Hang Guan, Jiazhi Yang, Quanwei Wang, Kaisiyuan Liang, Borong Li, Yingying Feng, Haocheng Wang, Jingdong Liu, Ziwei Hideki, Koike Center of Excellence for Generative AI King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Jeddah Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Baidu VIS Shangdi 10th Street Beijing100085 China School of Computing Tokyo Institute of Technology Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo152-8550 Japan Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Haidian District Shuangqing Road Beijing100084 China Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science University of Science and Technology of China Baohe District JinZhai Road Anhui Hefei230026 China S-Lab Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore

Co-speech gesture video synthesis is a challenging task that requires both probabilistic modeling of human gestures and the synthesis of realistic images that align with the rhythmic nuances of speech. To address these challenges, we propose Cosh-DiT, a Co-speech gesture video system with hybrid Diffusion Transformers that perform audio-to-motion and motion-to-video synthesis using discrete and continuous diffusion modeling, respectively. First, we introduce an audio Diffusion Transformer (Cosh-DiT-A) to synthesize expressive gesture dynamics synchronized with speech rhythms. To capture upper body, facial, and hand movement priors, we employ vector-quantized variational autoencoders (VQ-VAEs) to jointly learn their dependencies within a discrete latent space. Then, for realistic video synthesis conditioned on the generated speech-driven motion, we design a visual Diffusion Transformer (Cosh-DiT-V) that effectively integrates spatial and temporal contexts. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework consistently generates lifelike videos with expressive facial expressions and natural, smooth gestures that align seamlessly with speech. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Vector quantization

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Spectral evidence for local-moment ferromagnetism in the van der Waals metals Fe3GaTe2 and Fe3GeTe2

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Physical Review B 2024年第10期109卷 104410-104410页

作者： Han Wu Chaowei Hu Yaofeng Xie Bo Gyu Jang Jianwei Huang Yucheng Guo Shan Wu Cheng Hu Ziqin Yue Yue Shi Rourav Basak Zheng Ren T. Yilmaz Elio Vescovo Chris Jozwiak Aaron Bostwick Eli Rotenberg Alexei Fedorov Jonathan D. Denlinger Christoph Klewe Padraic Shafer Donghui Lu Makoto Hashimoto Junichiro Kono Alex Frano Robert J. Birgeneau Xiaodong Xu Jian-Xin Zhu Pengcheng Dai Jiun-Haw Chu Ming Yi Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico USA Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics Kyung Hee University Yongin 17104 Republic of Korea Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Lab Upton New York 11973 USA Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley CaliforniaUSA

Magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted considerable attention recently for both fundamental understanding of magnetism and its tunability towards device applications. The isostructural Fe3GeTe2 and Fe3GaTe2 are two members of the Fe-based van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnet family, but exhibit very different Curie temperatures (TC) of 210 and 360 K, respectively. Here, by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory, we systematically compare the electronic structures of the two compounds. Qualitative similarities in the Fermi surface can be found between the two compounds, with expanded hole pockets in Fe3GaTe2 suggesting additional hole carriers compared to Fe3GeTe2. Interestingly, we observe almost no band shift in Fe3GaTe2 across its TC of 360 K, compared to a small shift in Fe3GeTe2 across its TC of 210 K. The weak temperature-dependent evolution strongly deviates from the expectations of an itinerant Stoner mechanism. Our results suggest that itinerant electrons have minimal contributions to the enhancement of TC in Fe3GaTe2 compared to Fe3GeTe2, and that the nature of ferromagnetism in these Fe-based vdW ferromagnets must be understood with considerations of the electron correlations.

关键词： Magnetism Van der Waals systems Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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Quantum Advantage of One-Way Squeezing in Enhancing Weak-Force Sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jie Zhang, Qian Jiao, Ya-Feng Zhang, Sheng-Dian Lu, Tian-Xiang Li, Zhipeng Qiu, Cheng-Wei Jing, Hui Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control Ministry of Education Department of Physics Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha410081 China Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou450002 China College of Physics and Electronic Information Gannan Normal University Jiangxi Ganzhou341000 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

Cavity optomechanical (COM) sensors, featuring efficient light-motion couplings, have been widely used for ultrasensitive measurements of various physical quantities ranging from displacements to accelerations or weak forces. Previous works, however, have mainly focused on reciprocal COM systems. Here, we propose how to further improve the performance of quantum COM sensors by breaking reciprocal symmetry in purely quantum regime. Specifically, we consider a spinning COM resonator and show that by selectively driving it in opposite directions, highly nonreciprocal optical squeezing can emerge, which in turn provides an efficient way to surpass the standard quantum limit that otherwise exists in conventional reciprocal devices. Our work confirms that breaking reciprocal symmetry, already achieved in diverse systems well beyond spinning systems, can serve as a new strategy to further enhance the abilities of advanced quantum sensors, for applications ranging from testing fundamental physical laws to practical quantum metrology. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Well testing

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A Novel Advanced Algorithm in Automation of Food and Health Monitoring System using IOT

A Novel Advanced Algorithm in Automation of Food and Health ...

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International Conference for Convergence of Technology (I2CT)

作者： Pattem. Sampath Kumar J. Vijayasree K Saikumar Mohammed Ayad Alkhafaji Ahmed J. Obaid Sajad Ali Zearah Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering & Technology Hyderabad India Department of Electronic and Communication Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology (A) Dept of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation HyderabadR.V.S Nagar Moinabad-Chilkur Rd near AP Police Academy Aziznagar Telangana India Department of Medical Device Industry Engineering College of Engineering Technology National University of Science and Technology Dhi Qar Iraq Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Kufa Iraq Scientific Research Center Al-ayen University Thi-Qar Iraq

Food is one of the essential factors in human growth and development. The recent results of the internet of things and robots have already shown the beginnings of a new food monitorization. Automation in the restaurants and food sector did not originate technically, so humanoid-related IoT platforms are necessary. In this research, an advanced monitoring algorithm for the automation of food & health system performs using the (IoT). The suggested system develop using food quality sensing devices. Each detector was equipped with the above qualities and connected using breadboards and relay boards. There is tremendous fear and motivation in the thought that there may not be enough food to go around as the human population expands exponentially. To construct a monitoring system that can identify the presence of people, gases, and temperature differences, we employed website creation in combination with the (IoT). The designed application has attained a sensitivity of 97.53%, an accuracy of 98.83%, a recall of 97.98%, and a detection rate of 98.91%. The implemented technology is beneficial to researchers and society. The proposed IoT-based automation of food & health monitoring system compete with present technology and outperforms the methodology.

关键词： Temperature sensors Automation Sensitivity Software algorithms Sociology Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensor systems

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Terahertz-Mediated Microwave-to-Optical Transduction

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sahbaz, Furkan Eckstein, James N. Van Harlingen, Dale J. Bogdanov, Simeon I. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL60801 United States Department of Physics Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign UrbanaIL81801 United States Illinois Quantum Information Science and Technology Center University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Transduction of quantum signals between the microwave and the optical ranges will unlock powerful hybrid quantum systems enabling information processing with superconducting qubits and low-noise quantum networking through optical photons. Most microwave-to-optical quantum transducers suffer from thermal noise due to pump absorption. We analyze the coupled thermal and wave dynamics in electro-optic transducers that use a two-step scheme based on an intermediate frequency state in the THz range. Our analysis, supported by numerical simulations, shows that the two-step scheme operating with a continuous pump offers near-unity external efficiency with a multi-order noise suppression compared to direct transduction. As a result, two-step electro-optic transducers may enable quantum noise-limited interfacing of superconducting quantum processors with optical channels at MHz-scale bitrates. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transducers

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ALIM: adjusting label importance mechanism for noisy partial label learning 23

ALIM: adjusting label importance mechanism for noisy partial...

引用

Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural information Processing Systems

作者： Mingyu Xu Zheng Lian Lei Feng Bin Liu Jianhua Tao The State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences and School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences The State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Department of Automation Tsinghua University and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University

Noisy partial label learning (noisy PLL) is an important branch of weakly supervised learning. Unlike PLL where the ground-truth label must conceal in the candidate label set, noisy PLL relaxes this constraint and allows the ground-truth label may not be in the candidate label set. To address this challenging problem, most of the existing works attempt to detect noisy samples and estimate the ground-truth label for each noisy sample. However, detection errors are unavoidable. These errors can accumulate during training and continuously affect model optimization. To this end, we propose a novel framework for noisy PLL with theoretical interpretations, called "Adjusting Label Importance Mechanism (ALIM)". It aims to reduce the negative impact of detection errors by trading off the initial candidate set and model outputs. ALIM is a plug-in strategy that can be integrated with existing PLL approaches. Experimental results on multiple benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method can achieve state-of-the-art performance on noisy PLL. Our code is available at: https://***/zeroQiaoba/ALIM.

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