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Monitoring COVID-19 environment: a real-time facial mask detection using YOLO models

Research on Biomedical Engineering 2025年第1期41卷 1-18页

作者： Pandiyan, P. Thangaraj, Rajasekaran V, Balasubramanian V. K, Manavalasundaram S, Balakrishnan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nandha Engineering College Erode India Department of Information Technology Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Erode India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology Coimbatore India

Purpose: The rapid spread of COVID-19 has resulted in significant harm and impacted tens of millions of people globally. In order to prevent the transmission of the virus, individuals often wear masks as a protective measure for themselves and others. Coronavirus protection guidelines have been published by the World Health Organization (WHO). According to WHO standards, COVID-19 can be prevented by wearing a mask in public places and congested regions. In these places, it is very difficult to personally check to see if people are wearing face masks or not. Methods: The objective of this research work is to build a powerful, efficient, and real-time approach for detecting people not wearing masks. Three cutting-edge object identification models, namely YOLOv4, Tiny-YOLOv4, and YOLOv5, are employed in this study for the identification of masked faces. Result: The proposed YOLOv5 model is evaluated using real-time images captured using a smartphone or tablet. The test images include both single and multiple people with and without masks. The YOLOv5 model achieved recognition accuracy of 88.90% with an average detection speed of 0.0316 s per image, whereas the YOLOv4 and Tiny-YOLOv4 produced recognition accuracy of 82.24% and 74.80% with an average detection speed of 0.0530 s and 0.0541 s per image, respectively. Conclusion: The comparative performance suggests that the YOLOv5 model has a maximum recognition accuracy of 88.90% in face mask identification tasks compared to other models such as the YOLOv4 and Tiny-YOLOv4. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Biomedical Engineering 2025.

关键词： COVID-19

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A fully flexible key delegation mechanism with efficient fine-grained access control in CP-ABE

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第9期14卷 12837-12856页

作者： Porwal, Shardha Mittal, Sangeeta Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Uttar Pradesh Noida India

Ciphertext Policy-Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is a secure one-to-many asymmetric encryption schemes where access control of a shared resource is defined in terms of a set of attributes possessed by a user. Key delegation service, where a user is able to temporally transfer its full or partial access rights, is an important requirement to make CP-ABE based systems practically useful. In existing CP-ABE delegation schemes, a delegator can delegate its entire or partial set of attributes such that all content accessible using those attributes becomes available to the delegatee also. Flexibility to delegate some specific content, which is a practical requirement, is not feasible with these schemes. Further, for a delegated resource, flexibility of fine grained delegation like delegating only a specific subset of read, write and update permissions is not yet available. In this work, CP-ABE key delegation has been enhanced to support specific content and specific permission delegation. The proposed scheme is fully flexible as it additionally supports limits on the number of times delegation can be done, delegatee revocation and traceability of forbidden delegation. Theoretical and practical analysis show that the proposed scheme achieves its objectives and is computationally efficient as well as secure against chosen plaintext and key abuse attacks. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Access control

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Research on facial expression recognition based on multimodal data fusion and neural network

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International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2024年第1期27卷 47-55页

作者： Han, Yi Wang, Xubin Lu, Zhengyu School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China Anyang Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Henan Province Anyang China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology FengXian District Shanghai China

Facial expression recognition is a challenging task when neural network is applied to pattern recognition. Most of the current recognition research is based on single source facial data, which generally has the disadvantages of low accuracy and low robustness. In this paper, a neural network algorithm of facial expression recognition based on multimodal data fusion is proposed. The algorithm is based on the multimodal data, and it takes the facial image, the histogram of oriented gradient of the image and the facial landmarks as the input, and establishes Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) designed to extract features from facial image, neural network designed to extract features from facial Landmarks and Neural Network (LNN) designed to extract features from Histogram of gradient (HNN), three sub-neural networks to extract data features, using multimodal data feature fusion mechanism to improve the accuracy of facial expression recognition. Experimental results show that, the algorithm has a great improvement in accuracy, robustness and detection speed. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Data fusion

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A charge system search based watermarking technique for gray-scale images using DWT–SVD

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第18期83卷 53743-53757页

作者： Gupta, Ritu Singh, Abhilasha Department of Information Technology Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology GGSIPU Delhi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Delhi-NCR Campus Modinagar Ghaziabad India

This paper put forward an embedded scheme to execute image watermarking in light of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), singular value decomposition (SVD) and Charge System Search (CSS) method. In the proposed scheme, Charge System Search technique is applied to advance the multiple scaling factors (MSFs). To approve the proposed scheme, six different images are used to inspect its performance and its outcomes are likewise contrasted with the past work announced in writing. From the results, it very well may be seen that proposed watermarking technique is a vigorous and proficient methodology in the field of grayscale image watermarking technology. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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Sensitive information leakage analysis of database code by abstract interpretation

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International Journal of Security and Networks 2023年第2期18卷 91-105页

作者： Jana, Angshuman Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Guwahati India

An information system stores outside data in the backend database to process them efficiently and protects sensitive data from illegitimate flow or unauthorised users. However, most information systems are made in such a way that the sensitive information stored in a database may be leaked explicitly or implicitly during data processing along with the control structure of the program to the output channels. Therefore, sensitive data leakage is one of the crucial security threat. In this paper, the main objective is to detect the illegitimate flow of confidential information in an information system. We propose a framework to detect sensitive information leakage through the data-flow paths of an information system. In particular, to compute the precise set of data-flow paths, we use the non-relational abstract property of the interval domain and the relational abstract property of the polyhedra domain that enables the framework to produce efficient security analysis results. © 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Formal methods

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Medical Image Classification Using DL-based Feature Extraction in IoMT

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Recent Patents on Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 e220223213881-e220223213881页

作者： Thimmapuram, Madhuri Salvadi, Shoba Rani Pallati, Narsimhulu Aluvalu, Rajanikanth Department of Information Technology Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India

Aim: Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the addition of Deep Learning (DL) have made it possible to analyse both real-time and historical data from the Internet of Things (IoT). Recently, IoT technology has been implemented in healthcare schemes as IoMT to aid in medical diagnoses. Medical image classification is useful for predicting and identifying serious diseases at an early stage, which is crucial in the diagnostic process. Background: When it comes to managing, treating, and preventing illness, medical photographs are an essential element of a patient’s health record. However, it is a difficult issue in computer-based diagnostics to classify images using efficient characteristics. Objective: The patent study aimed to develop a deep learning-based classification model for feature extraction. Methods: Levy flight optimization is employed to pick the weight for the classification model optimally. At the end of the day, the optimal weight led to a better classification result and a higher degree of precision when analyzing medical photos for disease. Results: We tested the proposed results in MATLAB and compared them with conventional methods of classification. The suggested model’s best results include 97.71% accuracy on a brain dataset and 97.2% accuracy on an Alzheimer’s disease dataset. Conclusion: The proposed algorithm’s high rate of convergence proves that it can successfully balance the exploration and exploitation phases by avoiding capturing in local optimization and classifying thresholds rapidly. In light of the need for improved accuracy, precision, and computational speed in clinical picture classification, a novel approach based on soft sets has been presented. © 2024 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Extraction

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A study of learning models for COVID-19 disease prediction

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第4期15卷 2581-2600页

作者： Jain, Sakshi Roy, Pradeep Kumar School of Information Technology Vellore Institute of Technology TN Vellore632014 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Surat Gujarat Surat394190 India

Coronavirus belongs to the family of Coronaviridae. It is responsible for COVID-19 communicable disease, which has affected 213 countries and territories worldwide. Researchers in computational fields have been active in proposing techniques to filter the information and recommendations about this disease and provide surveillance in controlling this outbreak. Researchers used Chest X-ray images, abdominal Computed Tomography scans, and Tweet datasets for building machine learning and deep learning-based models for COVID-19 predictions and forecasting purposes. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1-measure are the five primary evaluation criteria researchers employ to evaluate the quality of their study. This article summarises research works on COVID-19 based on machine learning and deep learning models. The analysis of these research works, along with their limitations and source of datasets, will give a quick start for future research to arrive at a defined direction. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Coronavirus

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A bilateral assessment of human activity recognition using grid search based nonlinear multi-task least squares twin support vector machine

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第36期83卷 84121-84140页

作者： Thakur, Ujwala Prajapati, Amarjeet Vidyarthi, Ankit Department of Computer Science Engineering & amp Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida Sector-62 Uttar Pradesh Noida201309 India

The recognition of individual activity has proven its importance in many application areas. Even after the pandemic crisis worldwide, the remote monitoring of human actions and their activities has increased a lot. In such situations, the smart sensors are utilized to capture the details remotely, share, and process intelligently using the computer-assisted machine. This paper introduces the new variant of the machine learning classifier, named Grid Search Based Nonlinear Multi-task Least Squares Twin Support Vector Machine (GMLT-SVM), to recognize human actions using sensory data. The proposed approach uses the grid search for hyperparameter tuning with a Nonlinear kernel for Multi-task classification in a twin support vector machine. This not only increases the efficacy of the model but also reduces the computation time for finding the optimal values of the hyper-parameters. The proposed approach when experimented with the sensory data of Human Action Recognition (HAR) gives an accuracy of 96.8%. The comparative analysis of the proposed method with existing other ML classifiers gives an increase in the accuracy of 94.2±2.6%. The experimental results suggest that the gained results are statistically significant enough to recognize human actions with sensory data. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Learning systems

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OptiFog: A Framework for Acquiring State information and Predicting Resource Availability for Task Offloading in Cooperative Fog-Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Services Computing 2024年 1-13页

作者： Alam, Mehbub Ahmed, Nurzaman Ghosh, Shyamal Matam, Rakesh Barbhuiya, Ferdous Ahmed Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Guwahati India Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College Hanover USA School of Data Science Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram India

The primary objective of fog computing is to minimize the reliance of IoT devices on the cloud by leveraging the resources of fog network. Typically, IoT devices offload computation tasks to fog to meet different task requirements such as latency in task execution, computation costs, etc. So, selecting such a fog node that meets task requirements is a crucial challenge. To choose an optimal fog node, access to each node's resource availability information is essential. Existing approaches often assume state availability or depend on a subset of state information to design mechanisms tailored to different task requirements. In this paper, OptiFog: a cluster-based fog computing architecture for acquiring the state information followed by optimal fog node selection and task offloading mechanism is proposed. Additionally, a continuous time Markov chain based stochastic model for predicting the resource availability on fog nodes is proposed. This model prevents the need to frequently synchronize the resource availability status of fog nodes, and allows to maintain an updated state information. Extensive simulation results show that OptiFog lowers task execution latency considerably, and schedules almost all the tasks at the fog layer compared to the existing state-of-the-art. IEEE

关键词： computer architecture

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FMeAR: FACS Driven Ensemble Model for Micro-Expression Action Unit Recognition

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SN computer science 2024年第5期5卷 598页

作者： Chauhan, Anjaly Jain, Shikha Department of Computer Science & amp Engineering and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida India

Micro-expressions (MEs) are fleeting involuntary facial movements, which occur frequently when people attempt to conceal their emotions. Since human eyesight cannot detect fleeting and slight changes in facial expression, it is difficult to determine when spontaneous and low-intensity micro-expression occurs. The paper presents FMeAR which is a Facial action coding scheme (FACS) driven ensemble model for the micro-expression action unit recognition. Considering the simultaneous triggering of multiple facial AUs (action units), the problem is designed as a multiple-binary-class framework. First, each frame of the video is extracted and pre-processed thoroughly to eliminate any noise in the input. Then, features are extracted using an LBP descriptor from the pre-processed frames. To reduce the processing time, the size of the feature vector is reduced using PCA. Finally, reduced features are processed using a multiple ensemble model (comprising of Support Vector Machine, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and Decision Tree classifiers) to identify the micro-expressions action units. The presented model, FMeAR, outperforms several baseline frameworks and shows an accuracy of 95.3% for the CASME dataset, 95.9% for CASME-II, and 92.6% for MEVIEW. Intensive experiments demonstrated the effectiveness and generalization of FMeAR emphasizing its potential for various applications such as deception detection, depression detection, medical diagnosis, and many more. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Action units Ensemble-model FACS FMeAR Micro-expression

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