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EarLock: Personal Authentication System for Hearables Using Sound Leakage Signals

IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第7期24卷 6183-6196页

作者： Amesaka, Takashi Watanabe, Hiroki Sugiura, Yuta Sugimoto, Masanori Shizuki, Buntarou Keio University Department of Information and Computer Science Kanagawa Japan Future University Hakodate Department of Media Architecture Hokkaido Japan Hokkaido University Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Hokkaido Japan the University of Tsukuba Department of Computer Science Ibaraki Japan

Earphone-type wearable devices, also known as "hearables,"will have many functions in the future. Some of those functions will require authentication of the wearer for access to the user's privacy information or settlement of payments. In this study, we propose a new personal authentication system for hearables called EarLock. EarLock authenticates the wearer by acquiring and analyzing ear canal and auricle shape information using sound leakage from the device. The system can be implemented using a speaker and external microphone that are highly compatible with hearables. We implemented three prototype devices and investigated EarLock's authentication performance under various practical scenarios, including walking conditions, noisy environments, and situations with object interference. Experimental results showed that the in-ear, open-ear, and bone-conduction devices achieved balanced accuracy (BAC) scores of 87.2-93.7%, 83.4-94.7%, and 85.9-90.0%. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： information leakage

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PointBi-FPN: An Extention to Pointpillars for LiDAR 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Vehicles Using Bi-Directional Feature Pyramid Network

PointBi-FPN: An Extention to Pointpillars for LiDAR 3D Objec...

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2024 IEEE Region 10 Conference, TENCON 2024

作者： Soumya, A. Krishna Mohan, C. Cenkeramaddi, Linga Reddy Babu, Sobhan Indian Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hyderabad India University of Agder Department of Information and Communication Technology Grimstad Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350821

Autonomous vehicles increasingly rely on accurate three-dimensional (3D) object detection for safe navigation. While two-dimensional (2D) methods offer computational efficiency, the shift to 3D detection enhances precision in understanding environments. Point-based and voxel-based approaches are accurate but computationally intensive for onboard deployment. Pillar-based methods like PointPillars provide efficiency but may lack detection accuracy compared to voxel-based approaches. In this paper, we focus on enhancing the performance of PointPillars, a popular pillar-based detector, using LiDAR data. The proposed approach (PointBi-FPN) employs a bi-directional feature pyramid network (Bi-FPN) as a backbone, that aggregates multiscale features in the input data, providing a holistic view of the environment, which is crucial for detecting objects of varying sizes and distances accurately. Bi-FPN improves the model's understanding of complex scenes, making it more robust to occlusions. Through extensive experimentation on the KITTI dataset, the PointBi-FPN approach demonstrates better performance across all three detection benchmarks: BEV (Bird's Eye View), 3D (Three-Dimensional), and AOS (Average Orientation Similarity). Notably, the proposed approach exhibits significant improvements, particularly in accurately detecting objects labeled as 'hard' difficulty. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Drug-Target Interactions Prediction Based on Signed Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 231-244页

作者： Ming CHEN Yajian JIANG Xiujuan LEI Yi PAN Chunyan JI Wei JIANG College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal University School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Computer Science Department BNU-HKBU United International College

Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and targets while ignoring relational types information. Considering the positive or negative effects of DTIs will facilitate the study on comprehensive mechanisms of multiple drugs on a common target, in this work, we model DTIs on signed heterogeneous networks, through categorizing interaction patterns of DTIs and additionally extracting interactions within drug pairs and target protein pairs. We propose signed heterogeneous graph neural networks(SHGNNs), further put forward an end-to-end framework for signed DTIs prediction, called SHGNN-DTI,which not only adapts to signed bipartite networks, but also could naturally incorporate auxiliary information from drug-drug interactions(DDIs) and protein-protein interactions(PPIs). For the framework, we solve the message passing and aggregation problem on signed DTI networks, and consider different training modes on the whole networks consisting of DTIs, DDIs and PPIs. Experiments are conducted on two datasets extracted from Drug Bank and related databases, under different settings of initial inputs, embedding dimensions and training modes. The prediction results show excellent performance in terms of metric indicators, and the feasibility is further verified by the case study with two drugs on breast cancer.

关键词： Drug-target interactions Signed heterogeneous network Link sign prediction Graph neural networks

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A Survey of Edge Caching:Key Issues and Challenges

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Tsinghua science and technology 2024年第3期29卷 818-842页

作者： Hanwen Li Mingtao Sun Fan Xia Xiaolong Xu Muhammad Bilal School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-si 17035Republic of Korea

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and intelligent applications,the quantity of mobile devices and data traffic in networks have been growing exponentially,which poses a great burden to networks and brings huge challenge to servicing user *** caching,which utilizes the storage and computation resources of the edge to bring resources closer to end users,is a promising way to relieve network burden and enhance user *** this paper,we aim to survey the edge caching techniques from a comprehensive and systematic *** first present an overview of edge caching,summarizing the three key issues regarding edge caching,i.e.,where,what,and how to cache,and then introducing several significant caching *** then carry out a detailed and in-depth elaboration on these three issues,which correspond to caching locations,caching objects,and caching strategies,*** particular,we innovate on the issue“what to cache”,interpreting it as the classification of the“caching objects”,which can be further classified into content cache,data cache,and service ***,we discuss several open issues and challenges of edge caching to inspire future investigations in this research area.

关键词： edge caching edge computing caching location caching object caching strategy 5G networkarchitecture Internet of Things(IoT)

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A Proposal of the Gamification of Programming Learning Assistant System

A Proposal of the Gamification of Programming Learning Assis...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia, ICCE-Asia 2024

作者： Kyaw, Htoo Htoo Sandi Kaneko, Keiichi Fuanbiki, Nobuo Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Department of Computer and Information Science Tokyo Japan Okayama University Department of Information and Communication Systems Okayama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530839

Despite the rapid expansion of the ICT sector, there's a disconnect with STEM subjects, leading to high dropout rates in computer science and engineering programs. This contributes to many unfilled positions in the ICT job market. One key issue is that traditional teaching methods struggle to engage students in challenging and abstract STEM subjects like programming. To address this, innovative technology-enhanced learning solutions are needed to be developed. In the past, we have developed a Programming Learning Assistant System (PLAS) to support programming learning for novice students. PLAS offers several types of exercise problems to foster code reading and writing skills at different levels. In this paper, we propose the initial prototype of the gamification of PLAS to enhance students' comprehension of programming concepts, improve their confidence, cultivate their interest in STEM fields, and increase course engagement through dynamic and engaing scenarios. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Analysis of Code Writing Problem Solution Results in C Programming Course

Analysis of Code Writing Problem Solution Results in C Progr...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE 2024

作者： Kyaw, Htoo Htoo Sandi Kaneko, Keiichi Funabiki, Nobuo Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Department of Computer and Information Science Tokyo Japan Okayama University Department of Information and Communication Systems Okayama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324136

To advance the educational quality of C programming, we have proposed and implemented the C Programming Learning Assistant System (CPLAS) as a Web application system. CPLAS offers a Code Writing Problem (CWP) that requests students to write the source code from scratch to improve their code-writing skills. In past years, we have utilized code writing problems in our C programming courses. In this paper, we analyze the solution results of students taking the course in 2022. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the code validation function for the automatic marking and the coding rule checking function to improve readable code writing skills. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： C Programming Learning Assistant System code validation function Code Writing Problem coding rule checking function

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Transfer Learning Empowered Skin Diseases Detection in Children

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第12期141卷 2609-2623页

作者： Meena N.Alnuaimi Nourah S.Alqahtani Mohammed Gollapalli Atta Rahman Alaa Alahmadi Aghiad Bakry Mustafa Youldash Dania Alkhulaifi Rashad Ahmed Hesham Al-Musallam Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia ICS Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Human beings are often affected by a wide range of skin diseases,which can be attributed to genetic factors and environmental influences,such as exposure to sunshine with ultraviolet(UV)*** left untreated,these diseases can have severe consequences and spread,especially among *** detection is crucial to prevent their spread and improve a patient’s chances of ***,the branch of medicine dealing with skin diseases,faces challenges in accurately diagnosing these conditions due to the difficulty in identifying and distinguishing between different diseases based on their appearance,type of skin,and *** study presents a method for detecting skin diseases using Deep Learning(DL),focusing on the most common diseases affecting children in Saudi Arabia due to the high UV value in most of the year,especially in the *** method utilizes various Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)architectures to classify skin conditions such as eczema,psoriasis,and *** proposed method demonstrates high accuracy rates of 99.99%and 97%using famous and effective transfer learning models MobileNet and DenseNet121,*** illustrates the potential of DL in automating the detection of skin diseases and offers a promising approach for early diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Deep learning MobileNet DenseNet121 skin diseases detection transfer learning

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Improving Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease Using KNN Imputed SMOTE Features and TrioNet Model

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3513-3534页

作者： Nazik Alturki Abdulaziz Altamimi Muhammad Umer Oumaima Saidani Amal Alshardan Shtwai Alsubai Marwan Omar Imran Ashraf Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Hafr Al-BatinHafarAl-Batin39524Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurP.O.Box 63100BahawalpurPakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 151Al-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Information Technology and Management Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616-3793USA Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is a major health concern today,requiring early and accurate *** learning has emerged as a powerful tool for disease detection,and medical professionals are increasingly using ML classifier algorithms to identify CKD *** study explores the application of advanced machine learning techniques on a CKD dataset obtained from the University of California,UC Irvine Machine Learning *** research introduces TrioNet,an ensemble model combining extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and extra tree classifier,which excels in providing highly accurate predictions for ***,K nearest neighbor(KNN)imputer is utilized to deal withmissing values while synthetic minority oversampling(SMOTE)is used for class-imbalance *** ascertain the efficacy of the proposed model,a comprehensive comparative analysis is conducted with various machine learning *** proposed TrioNet using KNN imputer and SMOTE outperformed other models with 98.97%accuracy for *** in-depth analysis demonstrates the model’s capabilities and underscores its potential as a valuable tool in the diagnosis of CKD.

关键词： Precisionmedicine chronic kidney disease detection SMOTE missing values healthcare KNNimputer ensemble learning

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Split-n-Swap: A New Modification of the Twofish Block Cipher Algorithm

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1723-1734页

作者： Awny Sayed Maha Mahrous Enas Elgeldawi Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceMinia UniversityMinia61519Egypt Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Information Technology DepartmentKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Computers and InformationMinia UniversityMinia61519Egypt

Securing digital data from unauthorized access throughout its entire lifecycle has been always a critical concern.A robust data security system should protect the information assets of any organization against cybercriminal *** Twofish algorithm is one of the well-known symmetric key block cipher cryptographic algorithms and has been known for its rapid *** when it comes to security,it is not the preferred cryptographic algorithm to use compared to other algorithms that have shown better *** applications and social platforms have adopted other symmetric key block cipher cryptographic algorithms such as the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)algorithm to construct their main security *** this paper,a new modification for the original Twofish algorithm is proposed to strengthen its security and to take advantage of its fast *** new algorithm has been named Split-n-Swap(SnS).Performance analysis of the new modification algorithm has been performed using different measurement *** experimental results show that the complexity of the SnS algorithm exceeds that of the original Twofish algorithm while maintaining reasonable values for encryption and decryption times as well as memory utilization.A detailed analysis is given with the strength and limitation aspects of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Twofish advanced encryption standard(AES) cryptography symmetric key block cipher

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A fully flexible key delegation mechanism with efficient fine-grained access control in CP-ABE

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第9期14卷 12837-12856页

作者： Porwal, Shardha Mittal, Sangeeta Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Uttar Pradesh Noida India

Ciphertext Policy-Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is a secure one-to-many asymmetric encryption schemes where access control of a shared resource is defined in terms of a set of attributes possessed by a user. Key delegation service, where a user is able to temporally transfer its full or partial access rights, is an important requirement to make CP-ABE based systems practically useful. In existing CP-ABE delegation schemes, a delegator can delegate its entire or partial set of attributes such that all content accessible using those attributes becomes available to the delegatee also. Flexibility to delegate some specific content, which is a practical requirement, is not feasible with these schemes. Further, for a delegated resource, flexibility of fine grained delegation like delegating only a specific subset of read, write and update permissions is not yet available. In this work, CP-ABE key delegation has been enhanced to support specific content and specific permission delegation. The proposed scheme is fully flexible as it additionally supports limits on the number of times delegation can be done, delegatee revocation and traceability of forbidden delegation. Theoretical and practical analysis show that the proposed scheme achieves its objectives and is computationally efficient as well as secure against chosen plaintext and key abuse attacks. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Access control

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