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ON ACCELERATING EDGE AI: OPTIMIZING RESOURCE-CONSTRAINED ENVIRONMENTS

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Sander, Jacob Cohen, Achraf Dasari, Venkat R. Venable, Brent Jalaian, Brian Department of Computer Science University of West Florida PensacolaFL United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of West Florida PensacolaFL United States DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground MD United States Department of Intelligent Systems and Robotics University of West Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition PensacolaFL United States Department of Computer Science Department of Intelligent Systems and Robotics University of West Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition PensacolaFL United States

Resource-constrained edge deployments demand AI solutions that balance high performance with stringent compute, memory, and energy limitations. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of the primary strategies for accelerating deep learning models under such constraints. First, we examine model compression techniques-pruning, quantization, tensor decomposition, and knowledge distillation-that streamline large models into smaller, faster, and more efficient variants. Next, we explore Neural Architecture Search (NAS), a class of automated methods that discover architectures inherently optimized for particular tasks and hardware budgets. We then discuss compiler and deployment frameworks, such as TVM, TensorRT, and OpenVINO, which provide hardware-tailored optimizations at inference time. By integrating these three pillars into unified pipelines, practitioners can achieve multi-objective goals, including latency reduction, memory savings, and energy efficiency-all while maintaining competitive accuracy. We also highlight emerging frontiers in hierarchical NAS, neurosymbolic approaches, and advanced distillation tailored to large language models, underscoring open challenges like pre-training pruning for massive networks. Our survey offers practical insights, identifies current research gaps, and outlines promising directions for building scalable, platform-independent frameworks to accelerate deep learning models at the edge. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Budget control

Verifying Nonlinear Neural Feedback systems using Polyhedral Enclosures

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Akinwande, Samuel I. Sidrane, Chelsea Kochenderfer, Mykel J. Barrett, Clark Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Computer Science Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Division of Robotics Perception and Learning Intelligent Systems Department School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

As dynamical systems equipped with neural network controllers (neural feedback systems) become increasingly prevalent, it is critical to develop methods to ensure their safe operation. Verifying safety requires extending control theoretic analysis methods to these systems. Although existing techniques can efficiently handle linear neural feedback systems, relatively few scalable methods address the nonlinear case. We propose a novel algorithm for forward reachability analysis of nonlinear neural feedback systems. The approach leverages the structure of the nonlinear transition functions of the systems to compute tight polyhedral enclosures (i.e., abstractions). These enclosures, combined with the neural controller, are then encoded as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP). Optimizing this MILP yields a sound over-approximation of the forward-reachable set. We evaluate our algorithm on representative benchmarks and demonstrate an order of magnitude improvement over the current state of the art. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mixed-integer linear programming

Adaptive UAV-Assisted Hierarchical Federated Learning: Optimizing Energy, Latency, and Resilience for Dynamic Smart IoT Networks

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Xiaohong Liwang, Minghui Fu, Liqun Su, Yuhan Hosseinalipour, Seyyedali Wang, Xianbin Hong, Yiguang School of Informatics Xiamen University Fujian China Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Electrical Engineering University at Buffalo-SUNY BuffaloNY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada

Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) introduces intermediate aggregation layers, addressing the limitations of conventional Federated Learning (FL) in geographically dispersed environments with limited communication infrastructure. An application of HFL is in smart IoT systems, such as remote monitoring, disaster response, and battlefield operations, where cellular connectivity is often unreliable or unavailable. In these scenarios, UAVs serve as mobile aggregators, providing connectivity to the terrestrial IoT devices. This paper studies an HFL architecture for energy-constrained UAVs in smart IoT systems, pioneering a solution to minimize global training cost increased caused by UAV disconnection. In light of this, we formulate a joint optimization problem involving learning configuration, bandwidth allocation, and device-to-UAV association, and perform global aggregation in time before UAV drops disconnect and redeployment of UAVs. The problem explicitly accounts for the dynamic nature of IoT devices and their interruptible communications and is unveiled to be NP-hard. To address this, we decompose it into three subproblems. First, we optimize the learning configuration and bandwidth allocation using an augmented Lagrangian function to reduce training costs. Second, we propose a device fitness score, integrating data heterogeneity (via Kullback-Leibler divergence), device-to-UAV distances, and IoT device resources, and develop a twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3)-based algorithm for dynamic device-to-UAV assignment. Third, We introduce a low-complexity two-stage greedy strategy for finding the location of UAVs redeployment and selecting the appropriate global aggregator UAV. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate significant cost reductions and robust performance under communication interruptions. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Federated learning

Ontologies in Design: How Imagining a Tree Reveals Possibilities and Assumptions in Large Language Models 25

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Ontologies in Design: How Imagining a Tree Reveals Possibili...

Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing systems

作者： Nava Haghighi Sunny Yu James A. Landay Daniela Rosner Computer Science Stanford University Stanford California USA Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University Stanford California USA Computer Science Department Stanford University Stanford California USA Human Centered Design & Engineering University of Washington Seattle Washington USA

Contrastive Conditional Adversarial Autoencoder with Class-specific Forces for Imbalanced Open-set Fault Detection

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IEEE Transactions on Automation science and Engineering 2025年 22卷 15757-15767页

作者： Zuo, Zhonglin Meng, Tao Li, Zheng Zhang, Hao Liu, Tong Chen, Zhansheng Pang, Zhibo Zhejiang University College of Control Science and Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Zhejiang University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Hangzhou310027 China Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University Sanya572025 China Chongqing University School of Automation Chongqing400044 China University of Sheffield Department of Computer Science SheffieldS1 4DP United Kingdom Shanghai Aerospace Space Technology Co. Ltd Shanghai201109 China ABB Corporate Research Sweden Department of Automation Technology Vasteras Sweden KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Intelligent Systems Stockholm Sweden

In real-world industrial scenarios, fault detection faces the widely recognized challenge of data imbalance, which not only refers to the scarcity of fault data but also includes the imbalance in healthy data. This article is concerned with imbalanced open-set fault detection (IOSFD), a practical yet challenging scenario in industrial applications where multiple healthy operating conditions and multiple fault types are imbalanced. In this article, we propose a new contrastive conditional adversarial autoencoder for IOSFD. It constructs an end-to-end unified model based on multi-class known healthy and faulty data to address the reliance of traditional methods on fault samples, while optimizing with class-specific weighted forces to ensure equal attention to imbalanced known classes. Input and feature reconstruction conditioned on operating modes are utilized to learn a compact decision plane and achieve both unknown fault detection and known data classification. Significantly, we formulate the optimization objective of conditional reconstruction based on contrastive learning and introduce adversarial training to further enhance the model’s performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through real-world pipeline leak detection and Tennessee-Eastman multi-fault detection. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

Generalized Interpolating Discrete Diffusion

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Rütte, Dimitri Von Fluri, Janis Ding, Yuhui Orvieto, Antonio Schölkopf, Bernhard Hofmann, Thomas Data Analytics Lab Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich Switzerland ELLIS Institute Tübingen Tübingen AI Center Germany Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Tübingen Germany

While state-of-the-art language models achieve impressive results through next-token prediction, they have inherent limitations such as the inability to revise already generated tokens. This has prompted exploration of alternative approaches such as discrete diffusion. However, masked diffusion, which has emerged as a popular choice due to its simplicity and effectiveness, reintroduces this inability to revise words. To overcome this, we generalize masked diffusion and derive the theoretical backbone of a family of general interpolating discrete diffusion (GIDD) processes offering greater flexibility in the design of the noising processes. Leveraging a novel diffusion ELBO, we achieve compute-matched state-of-the-art performance in diffusion language modeling. Exploiting GIDD’s flexibility, we explore a hybrid approach combining masking and uniform noise, leading to improved sample quality and unlocking the ability for the model to correct its own mistakes, an area where autoregressive models notoriously have struggled. Our code and models are open-source: https://***/dvruette/gidd/ © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Modeling languages

Secure Communication in Dynamic RDARS-Driven systems

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Pei, Ziqian Wang, Jintao Zhang, Pingping Shi, Zheng Yang, Guanghua Ma, Shaodan State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau Macau999078 China School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China

In this letter, we investigate a dynamic reconfigurable distributed antenna and reflection surface (RDARS)driven secure communication system, where the working mode of the RDARS can be flexibly configured. We aim to maximize the secrecy rate by jointly designing the active beamforming vectors, reflection coefficients, and the channel-aware mode selection matrix. To address the non-convex binary and cardinality constraints introduced by dynamic mode selection, we propose an efficient alternating optimization (AO) framework that employs penalty-based fractional programming (FP) and successive convex approximation (SCA) transformations. Simulation results demonstrate the potential of RDARS in enhancing the secrecy rate and show its superiority compared to existing reflection surface-based schemes. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Secure communication

Flight Testing Instrumentation Development and Integration for a Subscale Integrated High Lift Propulsor Testbed

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Flight Testing Instrumentation Development and Integration f...

AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Dantsker, D. Mancuso, Renato Ward, Byron Miller, Christian Shea, Donovan Collins, Kyle Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN47408 United States Department of Computer Science Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Wayfarer Aircraft Research and Development La MesaCA91941 United States Eagle Flight Research Center Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Dayonta BeachFL32114 United States Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Dayonta BeachFL32114 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

Recent advancements in electric and hybrid-electric aircraft have sparked interest in Advanced Aerial Mobility (AAM), enabling innovative air transport solutions. Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP), with its favorable aero-propulsive interactions, is a key focus for advanced aircraft designs, and thus an area of significant interest for academia and industry. Wayfarer Aircraft has developed and patented a novel new form of of blown wing lift augmentation called the Integrated High Lift Propulsor (IHLP), which uses DEP integrated with a Krueger slat or flap. This paper presents the instrumented, reconfigurable subscale IHLP distributed electric propulsion testbed that will be used to parameterize the performance and handling qualities (P&HQ) of IHLP. The subscale aircraft, which was developed from a 35%-scale Cessna 182 R/C scale model aircraft, was instrumented with a custom-integrated flight control and data acquisition system developed to enable this flight research — specifically a Holybro Pixhawk 6X autopilot running custom flight control software coupled with a custom version of the Al Volo FDAQ data acquisition system. The paper presents IHLP including its advantages and performance improvements in high-lift and cruise conditions compared to conventional distributed electric propulsion (DEP) systems. The detailed development of the IHLP subscale testbed are presented, including modifications, instrumentation design, and the integration of the data acquisition and flight control systems. Preliminary results from ground testing are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the instrumented IHLP testbed. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Testbeds

Suicide ideation detection based on documents dimensionality expansion

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年第Pt B期192卷 110266-110266页

作者： Esmi, Nima Shahbahrami, Asadollah Gaydadjiev, Georgi de Jonge, Peter Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands Intelligent Systems Research Center Khazar University Baku Azerbaijan Department of Computer Engineering University of Guilan Rasht Iran Computer Engineering Laboratory Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands

Accurate and secure classifying informal documents related to mental disorders is challenging due to factors such as informal language, noisy data, cultural differences, personal information and mixed emotions. Conventional deep learning models often struggle to capture patterns in informal text, as they miss long-range dependencies, explain words and phrases literally, and have difficulty processing non-standard inputs like emojis. To address these limitations, we expand data dimensionality, transforming and fusing textual data and signs from a 1D to a 2D space. This enables the use of pre-trained 2D CNN models, such as AlexNet, Restnet-50, and VGG-16 removing the need to design and train new models from scratch. We apply this approach to a dataset of social media posts to classify informal documents as either related to suicide or non-suicide content. Our results demonstrate high classification accuracy, exceeding 99%. In addition, our 2D visual data representation conceals individual private information and helps explainability. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Convolutional neural networks