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LP norm regularized deep CNN classifier based on biwolf optimization for mitosis detection in histopathology images

International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第6期16卷 3517-3536页

作者： Lijo, Jithy Janardhanan Subramanian, Saleema Department of Computer Science Christ University Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Statistics and Data Science Christ University Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Applications Christ Academy Institute for Advanced Studies Karnataka Bengaluru India

Mitosis detection, a crucial biomedical process, faces challenges like cell morphology variability, poor contrast, overcrowding, and limited annotated dataset availability. This research presents a novel method for mitosis detection in histopathological images highlighting two important contributions using a Bi-wolf optimization-based LP norm regularized deep Convolutional neural network (CNN) model. This hybrid optimization protocol is the key to the precise calibration of model parameters and effective training, which translates into optimal classifier performance. The results reveal that this model achieves high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values of 96.69%, 91.89%, and 97.74% respectively. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Biwolf optimization Feature extraction LP Norm Regularized deep CNN Pre-processing Yolo V5

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REVISITING ROBUSTNESS IN GRAPH MACHINE LEARNING 11

REVISITING ROBUSTNESS IN GRAPH MACHINE LEARNING

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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Gosch, Lukas Sturm, Daniel Geisler, Simon Günnemann, Stephan Department of Computer Science Munich Data Science Institute Technical University of Munich Germany

Many works show that node-level predictions of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are unrobust to small, often termed adversarial, changes to the graph structure. However, because manual inspection of a graph is difficult, it is unclear if the studied perturbations always preserve a core assumption of adversarial examples: that of unchanged semantic content. To address this problem, we introduce a more principled notion of an adversarial graph, which is aware of semantic content change. Using Contextual Stochastic Block Models (CSBMs) and real-world graphs, our results uncover: i) for a majority of nodes the prevalent perturbation models include a large fraction of perturbed graphs violating the unchanged semantics assumption;ii) surprisingly, all assessed GNNs show over-robustness - that is robustness beyond the point of semantic change. We find this to be a complementary phenomenon to adversarial examples and show that including the label-structure of the training graph into the inference process of GNNs significantly reduces over-robustness, while having a positive effect on test accuracy and adversarial robustness. Theoretically, leveraging our new semantics-aware notion of robustness, we prove that there is no robustness-accuracy tradeoff for inductively classifying a newly added node. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Enhanced Multimodal Hate Video Detection via Channel-wise and Modality-wise Fusion 24

Enhanced Multimodal Hate Video Detection via Channel-wise an...

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24th IEEE International Conference on data Mining Workshops, ICDMW 2024

作者： Zhang, Yinghui Chen, Tailin Zhang, Yuchen Fu, Zeyu University of Exeter Department of Computer Science United Kingdom University of Essex Institute for Analytics and Data Science United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530631

The rapid rise of video content on platforms such as TikTok and YouTube has transformed information dissemination, but it has also facilitated the spread of harmful content, particularly hate videos. Despite significant efforts to combat hate speech, detecting these videos remains challenging due to their often implicit nature. Current detection methods primarily rely on unimodal approaches, which inadequately capture the complementary features across different modalities. While multimodal techniques offer a broader perspective, many fail to effectively integrate temporal dynamics and modality-wise interactions essential for identifying nuanced hate content. In this paper, we present CMFusion, an enhanced multimodal hate video detection model utilizing a novel Channel-wise and Modality-wise Fusion Mechanism. CMFusion first extracts features from text, audio, and video modalities using pre-trained models and then incorporates a temporal cross-attention mechanism to capture dependencies between video and audio streams. The learned features are then processed by channel-wise and modality-wise fusion modules to obtain informative representations of videos. Our extensive experiments on a real-world dataset demonstrate that CMFusion significantly outperforms five widely used baselines in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Comprehensive ablation studies and parameter analyses further validate our design choices, highlighting the model's effectiveness in detecting hate videos. The source codes will be made publicly available at https://***/EvelynZ10/cmfusion. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Hate Video Detection Multimodal Fusion Temporal Cross-Attention

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Optimal trained ensemble of classification model for satellite image classification

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第7期84卷 3745-3766页

作者： Singh, Sarabjeet Kundra, Harish Kundra, Sheetal Pratima, P. Venkata Devi, M. V. Anjana Kumar, Sushil Hassan, Mariya Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology Chandigarh160019 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus Ranga Reddy District Telangana Ibrahimpatnam501506 India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Ranga Reddy District Telangana Ibrahimpatnam501506 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Central University of Haryana Jant-Pali Mahendergarh123031 India

Satellite image classification is the most significant remote sensing method for computerized analysis and pattern detection of satellite data. This method relies on the image's diversity structures and necessitates a thorough validation of the training data using the chosen classification algorithm. The classifying of remotely sensed images refers to the process of classifying pixels into a fixed set of distinct classes based on their data values. The pixel is categorized into that class if it complies with a specific set of requirements. A new SIC scheme is suggested in this work, where, Contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) is deployed for pre-processing the image. Further, statistical features, Vegetation Indices (VI) and Improved Hybrid Vegetation Index (IHVI) are extracted from the preprocessed image. Then, we deploy 2 phase classification process for classifying the image. In the first phase, Bi-Directional Gated Recurrent Unit (BI-GRU), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Deep Max Out (DMO) are used. In 2nd phase, optimized RNN is used for determining the final classification result. Also, the training of the model is done by the new Chaotic Opposition Behavior Improvised Coot Algorithm (COBI-CA) optimization via tuning the optimal weights. The COOT method has been enhanced and is now the suggested algorithm. Lastly, we conduct an analysis to compare the suggested Satellite Image Classification (SIC) model's performance to the traditional approaches in terms of statistical analysis, precision, accuracy, and error measure. In comparison to other conventional methods, the accuracy of the suggested model is 97%. © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US;foreign copyright protection may apply 2024.

关键词： Pixels

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SAMPLING-FREE INFERENCE FOR AB-INITIO POTENTIAL ENERGY SURFACE NETWORKS 11

SAMPLING-FREE INFERENCE FOR AB-INITIO POTENTIAL ENERGY SURFA...

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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Gao, Nicholas Günnemann, Stephan Department of Computer Science Munich Data Science Institute Technical University of Munich Germany

Recently, it has been shown that neural networks not only approximate the ground-state wave functions of a single molecular system well but can also generalize to multiple geometries. While such generalization significantly speeds up training, each energy evaluation still requires Monte Carlo integration which limits the evaluation to a few geometries. In this work, we address the inference shortcomings by proposing the Potential learning from ab-initio Networks (PlaNet) framework, in which we simultaneously train a surrogate model in addition to the neural wave function. At inference time, the surrogate avoids expensive Monte-Carlo integration by directly estimating the energy, accelerating the process from hours to milliseconds. In this way, we can accurately model high-resolution multi-dimensional energy surfaces for larger systems that previously were unobtainable via neural wave functions. Finally, we explore an additional inductive bias by introducing physically-motivated restricted neural wave function models. We implement such a function with several additional improvements in the new PESNet++ model. In our experimental evaluation, PlaNet accelerates inference by 7 orders of magnitude for larger molecules like ethanol while preserving accuracy. Compared to previous energy surface networks, PESNet++ reduces energy errors by up to 74 %. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wave functions

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Polyp Detection Using U-Net Neural Network Based Algorithm 2

Polyp Detection Using U-Net Neural Network Based Algorithm

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2nd International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2024

作者： Rai, Bipin Kumar Singh, Devansh Shukla, Archita Dayananda Sagar University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Bengaluru India Abes Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering-Data Science U.P. Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371055

Polyp is an earlier stage of cancer development in gastro-intestinal tract. Despite the fact that numerous techniques for automatic segmentation and detection of polyps have been developed, it still remains an open problem. Examining color images captured by the board camera in endoscopy is contemplated the most reliable method for detectingdeveloping polyps. To automate this process, in this paper we present a modified U-Net Neural Network based algorithm. This algorithm is a binary classifier which labels the pixels as part of the polyp or not. This model can analyze the video of GItract frame by frame and produce the collection of frames with possibility of presence of polyp thus reducing the time required to process the GI-tract. Detecting, localizing, and segmenting polyps using Kvasir-SEG, an open-access dataset of colonoscopy images, we benchmark various modern day approaches in this work, assessing bothmethod speed and accuracy. This is attributed to outstanding performance of image classification compared to preceding techniques. The automatically identifying polyps serves to aid gastroenterologists during colonoscopies. While existing literature contains publications addressing the challenge of polyp detection, many of these systems remain confined toresearch settings and lack implementation for clinical use. Hence, we present the inaugural fully open-source automated polyp detection system, which not only outperforms the best- performing system documented in the literature but is also prepared for immediate clinical application. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Colonoscopy ColonSegNet Colorectal cancer Kvasir-SEG Medical image segmentation Polyp Detection U-net

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Diabetic Retinopathy Detection using Deep Learning Model ResNet15 2

Diabetic Retinopathy Detection using Deep Learning Model Res...

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2nd International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2024

作者： Rai, Bipin Kumar Ojha, Harsh Srivastava, Ishani Dayananda Sagar University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Bengaluru India Abes Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering- Data Science U.P. Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371055

Diabetic Retinopathy stands out as one of the common retinal diseases which has a significant threat to vision and can lead to blindness. Several problems occurred due to DR can be stopped by controlling blood glucose and timely treatment, but the manual assessment of retinal images is often a lengthy process and can prevail human errors. This paper attempts in the direction of finding an automated way to classify the set of retinal images. The study starts with the collection of retinal images and pre- processing them, followed by training of a CNN model, Utilizing Deep Learning methodologies, CNN classifies the degree of diabetic retinopathy (DR) into four categories: 0 (no DR) to 4 (proliferative DR). We evaluate our model's performance using a diverse dataset. We use Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) strength to DR detection, which involves three major difficulties: Classification, Segmentation and Detection. We work towards developing a GUI based system to store and maintain a series of predictions with the patient's id and name. Twilio API have been used to make SMS connectivity to patients possible in case they are not accessible. Many research activities in the previous years have many limitations and disadvantages like models used other than Resnet have low accuracy, not capturing intricate features and patterns in images, Vanishing Gradient Descent and low performance for image classification. Resnet models that are previously used in DR detection with Resnet152, we can conclude that it has the lowest Training loss, lowest Test loss and it has the lowest loss Difference. We have worked on a RESNET-152 pre-trained deep learning model, which consists of thousands of layers and allows for the capturing of intricate features, high performance of image classification, and high accuracy, in order to overcome the issues and limitations of earlier developed models. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep Learning Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) Fundus images Ophthalmologist Proliferative DR Resnet152

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Differentiable Deformation Graph-Based Neural Non-rigid Registration

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2023年第1期11卷 151-167页

作者： Wanquan Feng Hongrui Cai Junhui Hou Bailin Deng Juyong Zhang School of Mathematical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China School of Data Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science City University of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK

The traditional pipeline for non-rigid registration is to iteratively update the correspondence and alignment such that the transformed source surface aligns well with the target *** the pipeline,the correspondence construction and iterative manner are key to the results,while existing strategies might result in local *** this paper,we adopt the widely used deformation graph-based representation,while replacing some key modules with neural learning-based ***,we design a neural network to predict the correspondence and its reliability confidence rather than the strategies like nearest neighbor search and pair ***,we adopt the GRU-based recurrent network for iterative refinement,which is more robust than the traditional *** model is trained in a self-supervised manner and thus can be used for arbitrary datasets without *** experiments demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by a large margin.

关键词： Differentiable deformation graph Non-rigid registration

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Enhancing wireless sensing via a target-mounted intelligent reflecting surface

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National science Review 2023年第8期10卷 13-14页

作者： Xiaodan Shao Rui Zhang School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

An intelligent reflecting surface(IRS),or its various equivalents such as an reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS), is an emerging technology to control radio signal propagation in wireless systems. An IRS is a digitally controlled metasurface consisting of a large number of passive reflecting elements, which are connected to a smart controller to enable dynamic adjustments of the amplitude and/or phase of the incident signal on each element independently [1].

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A Real-Time Framework for Automatic Sarcasm Detection Using Proposed Tensor-DNN-50 Algorithm 4th

A Real-Time Framework for Automatic Sarcasm Detection Using ...

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4th International Conference on Frontiers in Computing and Systems, COMSYS 2023

作者： Murthy, Jamuna S. Siddesh, G.M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819726103

Social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram are vast repositories of trending global news. They generate an enormous amount of data, offering a valuable resource for both academic researchers and IT marketing teams. These data can be harnessed for various insights and applications. A prominent and pressing research area within this data is the detection of sarcasm and fake news. The internet is rife with misleading and false information, often causing widespread confusion. Current research primarily categorizes news as either real or fake, using machine learning algorithms. However, this binary approach struggles with news that is partially true yet contains elements that could be deemed fake. To address this issue, our work introduces a real-time framework for sarcasm detection, utilizing an innovative deep learning technique called Tensor-DNN-50 for multiclass classification. The TDNN-50 model not only classifies news articles based on authenticity but also quantifies the level of sarcasm within them. Comparative analysis against leading techniques like SVM, att-RNN, and EANN demonstrates the superiority of our proposed algorithm. It achieves an impressive accuracy of 96.4% for two-class classification, 94.32% for four-class classification, and an astonishing 99.1% for seven-class classification. These results underscore the potential of our Tensor-DNN-50 Model in effectively addressing the intricate challenges of sarcasm detection and news classification with unparalleled accuracy across multiple classes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Support vector machines

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