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Backdoor-Empowered Regulable Privilege Authorization for Edge-Level Graph Learning in 6G Vehicular Networks

IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Yang, Xiao Li, Gaolei Wu, Jun Zhou, Kai Li, Jianhua Yang, Wu Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Integrated Administration Technologies for Information Security Shanghai China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Computing Hong Kong Harbin Engineering University College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin China

Edge-Level Graph Learning System (EGLS) exhibits diverse applicability in flow prediction, route planning, and accident forecasting. Existing EGLS studies extremely stress absolute fairness and impartiality for all users, resultantly depriving its flexibility and humanity in addressing special circumstances and rendering the privilege authorization for exceptional responses challenging to achieve. To address this limitation, we present BackPriv, the first privilege authorization methodology enabling regulable privilege assignment or revocation in EGLS. Specifically, it is achieved through a creative edge backdoor mechanism, wherein the edge training samples are poisoned via user-specific privilege tokens to induce privilege outputs from the well-trained EGLS for authorized users. Moreover, related EGLS regulating strategies were proposed to dynamically realize the addition and revocation of user privileges by system retraining to guarantee privilege control in EGLS. Additionally, a Graph Mutual Information-based adaptive privilege token generation method is introduced to reduce the impact of privilege authorization on normal inputs and augment authorization functionality. Based on experiments with multiple real-world datasets, BackPriv demonstrates high success rates of privilege authorization under various scenarios ( 100%) and exerts minimal impact on normal task performance for regular inputs (mean accuracy drop 0.32%). © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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On the Expressive Power of Behavior Structure

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Cheng Zhu, Hangyu Lin, Yuhang Jiang, Changjun Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai200232 China

Efforts toward a comprehensive description of behavior have indeed facilitated the development of representation-based approaches that utilize deep learning to capture behavioral information. As behavior complexity increases, the expressive power of these models reaches a bottleneck. We coin the term "behavioral molecular structure" and propose a new model called the Behavioral Molecular Structure (BMS). The model characterizes behaviors at the atomic level, analogizes behavioral attributes to atoms, and concretizes interrelations at the granularity of atoms using graphs. Here, we design three different downstream tasks to test the performance of the BMS model on public datasets. Additionally, we provide a preliminary theoretical analysis demonstrating that the BMS can offer effective expressiveness for complex behaviors. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Atoms

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S2KAN-SLAM: Elastic Neural LiDAR SLAM with SDF Submaps and Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Wang, Zhong Zhang, Lin Wang, Hesheng Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Avionics Integration and Aviation System-of-Systems Synthesis Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Shanghai200240 China Tongji University School of Computer Science and Technology National Pilot Software Engineering School with Chinese Characteristics Shanghai201804 China

Traditional LiDAR SLAM approaches prioritize localization over mapping, yet high-precision dense maps are essential for numerous applications involving intelligent agents. Recent advancements have introduced methods leveraging neural fields to enhance mapping capabilities;however, these approaches still face several limitations. Firstly, concerning scene representation, they typically employ neural fields with high-dimensional features and multi-layer perceptron decoders utilizing non-continuous activation functions. This results in low learning efficiency and challenges in capturing high-frequency signals. Secondly, in terms of scene organization, these methods often treat the entire scene as a singular neural field, leading to inefficiencies, inflexibility, and difficulties in rectifying accumulated errors when mapping large-scale environments over extended periods. To tackle the first issue, we propose a lightweight continuous SDF regression approach by encoding the scene in single-valued embeddings and decoding SDF values from a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network. By minimizing discrepancies in measuring range, sampling distance, and decoded SDF values, we facilitate iterative frame-to-model tracking and bundle adjustment neural mapping. To mitigate the second challenge, we propose structuring the whole scene into multiple neural SDF submaps. By establishing node-node, node-submap, and loop closure constraints into a global pose graph, the system can create dense neural maps with global consistency across large-scale scenes. Experimental evaluations in both real-world and simulated settings indicate that our system achieves superior mapping completeness and accuracy, enhanced learning efficiency, reduced memory consumption, and greater flexibility compared to its counterparts. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Mapping

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Behavioral Authentication for Security and Safety

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Cheng Tang, Hao Zhu, Hangyu Zheng, Junhan Jiang, Changjun Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai200232 China

The issues of both system security and safety can be dissected integrally from the perspective of behavioral appropriateness. That is, a system is secure or safe can be judged by whether the behavior of certain agent(s) is appropriate or not. Specifically, a so-called appropriate behavior involves the right agent performing the right actions at the right time under certain conditions. Then, according to different levels of appropriateness and degrees of custodies, behavioral authentication can be graded into three levels, i.e., the authentication of behavioral Identity, Conformity, and Benignity. In a broad sense, for the security and safety issue, behavioral authentication is not only an innovative and promising method due to its inherent advantages but also a critical and fundamental problem due to the ubiquity of behavior generation and the necessity of behavior regulation in any system. By this classification, this review provides a comprehensive examination of the background and preliminaries of behavioral authentication. It further summarizes existing research based on their respective focus areas and characteristics. The challenges confronted by current behavioral authentication methods are analyzed, and potential research directions are discussed to promote the diversified and integrated development of behavioral authentication. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Enabling Efficient Real-Time Requirements Inconsistency Detection for Safety-Critical systems

Enabling Efficient Real-Time Requirements Inconsistency Dete...

引用

IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference Workshops (REW)

作者： Yike Huang Xiaohong Chen Zhi Jin Tingliang Zhou Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing East China Normal University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Peking University China Department of Computer Science and Technology Peking University Beijing China CASCO Signal Ltd. Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798350395518

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395525

The importance of real-time requirements inconsistency detection is increasingly manifested in safety -critical system development. Most existing tools use state-based detection methods for real-time requirements verification, but they sometimes struggle to efficiently detect results when faced with complex system requirements. Moreover, adding device properties into the verification has increased the complexity of the state space. As a complementary, in this paper, we present a lightweight efficient method for real-time requirements existence inconsistency detection for safety-critical systems. We reduce the real-time existential inconsistencies detection problem into a constraint solving problem. The real-time requirements and involved device properties are encoded into SMT formulas, which can be detected quickly by using a constraint solver such as Z3. Through a case study and experimental evaluation, it is shown that our method can efficiently detect real-time existential inconsistencies in requirements. This provides a practical solution to detect certain types of errors in the early stage, avoiding possible future expensive costs.

关键词： Costs Conferences Real-time systems Safety Complexity theory Requirements engineering Complex systems

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A novel image-based approach for interactive characterization of rock fracture spacing in a tunnel face

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1077-1088页

作者： Jiayao Chen Yifeng Chen Anthony G.Cohn Hongwei Huang Jianhong Man Lijun Wei Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Geotechnical EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China School of Computing University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghai211985China School of Civil Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061China Luzhong Institute of Safety Environmental Protection Engineering and Materialsand School of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao255000China

This paper presents a novel integrated method for interactive characterization of fracture spacing in rock tunnel *** main procedure includes four steps:(1)Automatic extraction of fracture traces,(2)digitization of trace maps,(3)disconnection and grouping of traces,and(4)interactive measurement of fracture set spacing,total spacing,and surface rock quality designation(S-RQD)*** evaluate the performance of the proposed method,sample images were obtained by employing a photogrammetrybased scheme in tunnel *** were then conducted to determine the optimal parameter values(*** threshold,angle threshold,and number of fracture trace grouping)for characterizing rock fracture *** applying the identified optimal parameters involved in the model,the proposed method could lead to excellent qualitative results to a new tunnel *** perform a quantitative analysis,three methods(***,straightening,and the proposed method)were employed in the same study and comparisons were *** proposed method agrees well with the field measurement in terms of the maximum and average values of measured spacing ***,the proposed method has reasonably good accuracy and interactive advantage for estimating the ultimate fracture spacing and *** can be a possible extension of existing methods for fracture spacing characterization for two-dimensional(2D)rock tunnel faces.

关键词： Fracture spacing Rock tunnel Image processing Fracture set grouping

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Quality-Aware and Penalty-Sensitive Opportunistic Crowdsensing in Mobile Relay Networks 15th

Quality-Aware and Penalty-Sensitive Opportunistic Crowdsensi...

引用

15th International Conference on Green, Pervasive, and Cloud computing, GPC 2020

作者： Song, Ailun Zhou, Jingguang Gao, Xiaofeng Wang, Haotian Wu, Fan Chen, Guihai Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Stony Brook University New York City United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783030642426

Mobile crowdsensing takes advantage of mobile devices to efficiently collect and process data in large scale sensing tasks. In this paper, our study focuses on opportunistic crowdsensing in mobile relay network constructed by user’s D2D communication. Users participating in relaying a piece of data compose the corresponding detection sequence. We design a reward policy to encourage users to join the network. Moreover, we consider a scenario incorporating a crucial metric called total quality of information (TQoI), taking into account the different importance of the target locations. Obtaining data with high TQoI and limited cost in mobile relay networks is our primary goal. We investigate how to identify the data with high value and pay rewards to those users according to the corresponding detection sequences. We formulate the former problem as Relay-Encouraging Coverage Maximization (RECM) and prove its NP-hardness. Then, we design two algorithms to gain constant-factor approximation. One has low time complexity, while the other achieves a better bound. We also extend our scheme into penalty sensitive case where uncovered targets will bring various penalties. Extensive simulations are carried out to demonstrate the advantages of our approaches. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Approximation algorithms

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AgInS_(2)/ZnS quantum dots for noninvasive cervical cancer screening with intracellular pH sensing using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy

引用

Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5193-5204页

作者： Wenhua Su Dan Yang Yulan Wang Yawei Kong Wanlu Zhang Jing Wang Yiyan Fei Ruiqian Guo Jiong Ma Lan Mi Department of Optical Science and Engineering Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical ManufacturingKey Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures(Ministry of Education)School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute for Electric Light Sources School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics The Central Hospital of WuhanTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430014China Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centre for Artificial-Intelligence NanophotonicsSchool of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Academy for Engineer and TechnologyFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai 200433China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms the Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems(MRICS)School of Life SciencesFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai 200433China

Intracellular pH plays a critical role in biological functions,and abnormal pH values are related to various ***,we report on an intracellular pH sensor AgInS_(2)(AIS)/ZnS quantum dots(QDs)that show long fluorescence lifetimes of hundreds of nanoseconds and low *** lifetime imaging microscopy(FLIM)combined with AIS/ZnS QDs is used for the imaging of live cells in different pH buffers and different cell *** FLIM images of AIS/ZnS QDs in live cells demonstrate different intracellular pH values in different regions,such as in lysosomes or *** method can also distinguish cancer cells from normal cells,and the fluorescence lifetime difference of the AIS/ZnS QDs between the two types of cells is 100±7 *** importantly,the exfoliated cervical cells from 20 patients are investigated using FLIM combined with AIS/ZnS *** lifetime difference value between the normal and cervical cancer(CC)groups is 115±9 ns,and the difference between the normal and the precancerous lesion group is 64±9 *** the first time,the noninvasive method has been used for cervical cancer screening,and it has shown great improvement in sensitivity compared with a clinical conventional cytology examination.

关键词： AIS/ZnS quantum dots fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy intracellular pH sensing cervical cancer screening noninvasive

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Beyond the Known: Novel Class Discovery for Open-world Graph Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Jin, Yucheng Xiong, Yun Fang, Juncheng Wu, Xixi He, Dongxiao Xing, Jia Zhao, Bingchen Yu, Philip Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University China College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University China School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Chicago United States

Node classification on graphs is of great importance in many applications. Due to the limited labeling capability and evolution in real-world open scenarios, novel classes can emerge on unlabeled testing nodes. However, little attention has been paid to novel class discovery on graphs. Discovering novel classes is challenging as novel and known class nodes are correlated by edges, which makes their representations indistinguishable when applying message passing GNNs. Furthermore, the novel classes lack labeling information to guide the learning process. In this paper, we propose a novel method Open-world gRAph neuraL network (ORAL) to tackle these challenges. ORAL first detects correlations between classes through semi-supervised prototypical learning. Inter-class correlations are subsequently eliminated by the prototypical attention network, leading to distinctive representations for different classes. Furthermore, to fully explore multi-scale graph features for alleviating label deficiencies, ORAL generates pseudo-labels by aligning and ensembling label estimations from multiple stacked prototypical attention networks. Extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets show the effectiveness of our proposed method. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Two-stage cost-sensitive local models for heterogeneous cross-project defect prediction

Two-stage cost-sensitive local models for heterogeneous cros...

引用

IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Yan Huang Xian Xu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9781665488105

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488112

Software defect prediction is an active topic in the field of software engineering. Cross-project defect prediction (CPDP) adopts the defect data set of the source project to predict the defects of the target project. However, the metrics of the source project and those of the target project are often different, and the traditional CPDP has certain limitations at this time. To address the inconsistency of source and target metrics, researchers propose heterogeneous cross-project defect prediction (HCPDP). To improve the performance of the HCPDP, we propose new Two-stage Cost-sensitive Local Models (TCLM). TCLM aims to improve on the problem of feature selection, linear inseparability of heterogeneous data, class imbalance and data adoption problems in HCPDP. Firstly, in the feature selection stage, we add cost information to improve the feature selection algorithm. Then, KCCA (Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis) is used to project and map the heterogeneous data into a common feature space so as to mitigate the problem of inconsistent feature sets of the source and the target projects. Secondly, in the model training stage, we adopt local models to improve the performance, and introduce cost information to deal with the class imbalance problem. To verify the effectiveness of the TCLM method, we conduct large-scale empirical study on 24 projects in the AEEEM, PROMISE, NASA, and Relink datasets. Experimental results show that TCLM indeed outperforms the previous work. Therefore, we recommend using the TCLM method to build an HCPDP model.

关键词： Training Measurement Costs Computational modeling NASA Software quality Predictive models

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