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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xia, Mengfei Zhou, Yu Yi, Ran Liu, Yong-Jin Wang, Wenping MOE-Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University TX United States

Applying diffusion models to image-to-image translation (I2I) has recently received increasing attention due to its practical applications. Previous attempts inject information from the source image into each denoising step for an iterative refinement, thus resulting in a time-consuming implementation. We propose an efficient method that equips a diffusion model with a lightweight translator, dubbed a Diffusion Model Translator (DMT), to accomplish I2I. Specifically, we first offer theoretical justification that in employing the pioneering DDPM work for the I2I task, it is both feasible and sufficient to transfer the distribution from one domain to another only at some intermediate step. We further observe that the translation performance highly depends on the chosen timestep for domain transfer, and therefore propose a practical strategy to automatically select an appropriate timestep for a given task. We evaluate our approach on a range of I2I applications, including image stylization, image colorization, segmentation to image, and sketch to image, to validate its efficacy and general utility. The comparisons show that our DMT surpasses existing methods in both quality and efficiency. Code will be made publicly available. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image denoising

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Elucidating Spatial Complex Structures from Mass Spectrometry Imaging with Deep Multimodal Model 1

Elucidating Spatial Complex Structures from Mass Spectrometr...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Medical Artificial Intelligence, MedAI 2023

作者： Cui, Jiangnan Xia, Junjie Li, Xuan Wang, Yan Qiu, Fufang Xu, Yaochen Xu, Keren Zuo, Chunman School of Computer Science and Technology Institute of Artificial Intelligence Donghua University Shanghai China College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China Huashan Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Shanghai China Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Cas Key Laboratory of Systems Biology Shanghai China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Donghua University Shanghai China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358780

Spatial mass spectrometry imaging (SMSI) technology has enabled the characterization of biomolecule patterns within the tissue microenvironment, yet its analyses suffer from substantial noise. The lack of effective methods for exploiting multi-view features (e.g., spatial location) has hindered their elucidation ability for tissue heterogeneity. Here, we propose MSG, a multimodal modal that integrates histology, spatial location, and MSI data, in deciphering tissue structure by graph neural network. Specifically, MSG learns low-dimensional representations by aggregating histomorphological features from neighboring tiles via graph attention autoencoder. MSG outperforms other methods in identifying spatial domains and denoising data. The subsequent domain-guided differential expression analysis of the denoised data enables the identification of ions with significantly enriched patterns within the recognized domains. MSG exhibits its versatility in handling SMSI data from various platforms. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Data integration

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Single-cell Curriculum Learning-based Deep Graph Embedding Clustering

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Huifa Fu, Jie Ling, Xinpeng Sun, Zhiyu Wang, Kuncan Chen, Zhili Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing East China Normal University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken United States

The swift advancement of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies enables the investigation of cellular-level tissue heterogeneity. Cell annotation significantly contributes to the extensive downstream analysis of scRNA-seq data. However, The analysis of scRNA-seq for biological inference presents challenges owing to its intricate and indeterminate data distribution, characterized by a substantial volume and a high frequency of dropout events. Furthermore, the quality of training samples varies greatly, and the performance of the popular scRNA-seq data clustering solution GNN could be harmed by two types of low-quality training nodes: 1) nodes on the boundary;2) nodes that contribute little additional information to the graph. To address these problems, we propose a single-cell curriculum learning-based deep graph embedding clustering (scCLG). We first propose a Chebyshev graph convolutional autoencoder with multi-criteria (ChebAE) that combines three optimization objectives, including topology reconstruction loss of cell graphs, zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) loss, and clustering loss, to learn cell-cell topology representation. Meanwhile, we employ a selective training strategy to train GNN based on the features and entropy of nodes and prune the difficult nodes based on the difficulty scores to keep the high-quality graph. Empirical results on a variety of gene expression datasets show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art methods. The code of scCLG will be made publicly available at https://***/LFD-byte/scCLG. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Graph embeddings

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Effective Entry-Wise Flow for Molecule Generation 40

Effective Entry-Wise Flow for Molecule Generation

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40th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Zhang, Qifan Yao, Junjie Yang, Yuquan Shi, Yizhou Gao, Wei Wang, Xiaoling School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University China Software Engineering Institute East China Normal University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing China University of Massachusetts Department of Chemistry Boston United States University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

Molecule generation is a critical process in the fields of drug discovery and materials science. Recently, generative models based on normalizing flows have demonstrated significant potential in this domain. These models are particularly suited for handling the symmetrical and complex chemical structures often encountered in molecular datasets. Despite their promising nature, normalizing flow-based models for molecule generation face considerable challenges. The complexity of molecule representation, the rigorous demands of optimization, and the scarcity of training labels in molecular datasets contribute to these difficulties. Additionally, adequately and comprehensively learning the distribution of molecular datasets remains a formidable task. In this paper, we delve into the intricate entry-wise modules in vanilla flows, introducing an effective variation of flow-based models. Our proposed approach innovatively encapsulates affine coupling transformations within normalizing flows. Furthermore, we deconstruct existing invertible flow models, integrating them with newly developed entry-wise transformations. Our experimental studies demonstrate that these proposed entry-wise modules, when incorporated into standard flow-based models, surpass other generative models in performance on various representative datasets and generation tasks. Notably, in the context of low-resourced molecular graph generation, our model achieves remarkable performance compared to its counterparts. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Complex networks

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BinaryAI: Binary Software Composition Analysis via Intelligent Binary Source Code Matching 24

BinaryAI: Binary Software Composition Analysis via Intellige...

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44th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2024

作者： Jiang, Ling An, Junwen Huang, Huihui Tang, Qiyi Nie, Sen Wu, Shi Zhang, Yuqun Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Tencent Security Keen Lab Shanghai China Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Southern University of Science and Technol-ogy Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Intelligent Computation China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400702174

While third-party libraries (TPLs) are extensively reused to enhance productivity during software development, they can also introduce potential security risks such as vulnerability propagation. Software composition analysis (SCA), proposed to identify reused TPLs for reducing such risks, has become an essential procedure within modern DevSecOps. As one of the mainstream SCA techniques, binary-to-source SCA identifies the third-party source projects contained in binary files via binary source code matching, which is a major challenge in reverse engineering since binary and source code exhibit substantial disparities after compilation. The existing binary-to-source SCA techniques leverage basic syntactic features that suffer from redundancy and lack robustness in the large-scale TPL dataset, leading to inevitable false positives and compromised recall. To mitigate these limitations, we introduce BinaryAI, a novel binary-to-source SCA technique with two-phase binary source code matching to capture both syntactic and semantic code features. First, BinaryAI trains a transformer-based model to produce function-level embeddings and obtain similar source functions for each binary function accordingly. Then by applying the link-time locality to facilitate function matching, BinaryAI detects the reused TPLs based on the ratio of matched source functions. Our experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of BinaryAI in terms of binary source code matching and the downstream SCA task. Specifically, our embedding model outperforms the state-of-the-art model CodeCMR, i.e., achieving 22.54% recall@l and 0.34 MRR compared with 10.75% and 0.17 respectively. Additionally, BinaryAI outperforms all existing binary-to-source SCA tools in TPL detection, increasing the precision from 73.36% to 85.84% and recall from 59.81% to 64.98% compared with the well-recognized commercial SCA product Black Duck. E-https://*** © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Syntactics

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Glucose Sensing Utilizing Complex-Valued Neural Networks 23

Glucose Sensing Utilizing Complex-Valued Neural Networks

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4th International Conference on computing, Networks and Internet of Things, CNIOT 2023

作者： Lv, Yiqi Meng, Xiang Luo, Yong Pei, Yan The Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai University China and Jt. International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication Shanghai University Shanghai China Doctoral Program Grad. Sch. of Comp. Science and Engineering Graduate Department of Computer and Information Systems University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Japan Computer Science Division University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700705

This paper proposes a Complex-Valued Neural Network (CVNN) for glucose sensing in milli-meter wave (mmWave). Based on the propagation characteristics of millimeter wave in glucose medium, we obtain the S21 parameter of glucose with the concentration range of 0-300mg/dL in the 60-80 GHz frequency band by High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) simulations. Then we combine the sensing model with a neural network to detect and predict the glucose concentration relying on the learning ability of the neural network. In the prediction of the concentration of unknown samples, the absolute error between the predicted value and the true value is within 5mg/dL, which confirms the ability of the proposed CVNN model. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Millimeter waves

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Two-Stage Robust Optimization Under Decision Dependent Uncertainty

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第7期9卷 1295-1306页

作者： Yunfan Zhang Feng Liu Yifan Su Yue Chen Zhaojian Wang João P.S.Catalão State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment the Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing the Department of AutomationShanghai Jiao Tong Universityand also with Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and ManagementShanghai 200240China Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto and Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science(INESC TEC)Porto 4200-465Portugal IEEE

In the conventional robust optimization(RO)context,the uncertainty is regarded as residing in a predetermined and fixed uncertainty *** many applications,however,uncertainties are affected by decisions,making the current RO framework *** paper investigates a class of two-stage RO problems that involve decision-dependent *** introduce a class of polyhedral uncertainty sets whose right-hand-side vector has a dependency on the here-and-now decisions and seek to derive the exact optimal wait-and-see decisions for the second-stage problem.A novel iterative algorithm based on the Benders dual decomposition is proposed where advanced optimality cuts and feasibility cuts are designed to incorporate the uncertainty-decision *** computational tractability,robust feasibility and optimality,and convergence performance of the proposed algorithm are guaranteed with theoretical *** motivating application examples that feature the decision-dependent uncertainties are ***,the proposed solution methodology is verified by conducting case studies on the pre-disaster highway investment problem.

关键词： Benders decomposition decision-dependent uncertainty endogenous uncertainty robust optimization(RO)

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Topology Optimization of Operational Amplifiers using a Performance-Aware Representation

Topology Optimization of Operational Amplifiers using a Perf...

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Electronics Design Automation (ISEDA), International Symposium of

作者： Jinyi Shen Fan Yang Li Shang Changhao Yan Zhaori Bi Dian Zhou Xuan Zeng Microelectronics Department State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems Fudan University Shanghai China School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798350352030

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352047

The automatic synthesis of operational amplifiers (opamps) is in high demand to meet the diverse performance requirements of a wide range of analog circuit applications. However, existing opamp topology synthesis methods neglect circuit performance while generating circuit representations, resulting in suboptimal efficiency. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel opamp topology optimization approach based on a performance-aware topology representation. Specifically, topology information is captured using a customized graph neural network (GNN), while performance information is in-corporated by training the GNN for performance prediction through supervised learning. By combining this performance-aware representation with the genetic algorithm, an efficient opamp topology optimization method is developed. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both optimization efficiency and results.

关键词： Operational amplifiers Training Design automation Circuit optimization Network topology Supervised learning Directed graphs

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RECURSIVE DISENTANGLEMENT NETWORK 10

RECURSIVE DISENTANGLEMENT NETWORK

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10th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2022

作者： Chen, Yixuan Shi, Yubin Li, Dongsheng Wang, Yujiang Dong, Mingzhi Zhao, Yingying Dick, Robert Lv, Qin Yang, Fan Shang, Li China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Microsoft Research Asia Shanghai China Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Michigan United States Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder Boulder United States School of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China

Disentangled feature representation is essential for data-efficient learning. The feature space of deep models is inherently compositional. Existing β-VAE-based methods, which only apply disentanglement regularization to the resulting embedding space of deep models, cannot effectively regularize such compositional feature space, resulting in unsatisfactory disentangled results. In this paper, we formulate the compositional disentanglement learning problem from an information-theoretic perspective and propose a recursive disentanglement network (RecurD) that propagates regulatory inductive bias recursively across the compositional feature space during disentangled representation learning. Experimental studies demonstrate that RecurD outperforms β-VAE and several of its state-of-the-art variants on disentangled representation learning and enables more data-efficient downstream machine learning tasks. © 2022 ICLR 2022 - 10th International Conference on Learning Representationss. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information theory

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LSR-IGRU: Stock Trend Prediction Based on Long Short-Term Relationships and Improved GRU

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Peng Li, Yuante Hu, Yifan Liu, Qinyuan Cheng, Dawei Liang, Yuqi Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai China Seek Data Group Emoney Inc Shanghai China

Stock price prediction is a challenging problem in the field of finance and receives widespread attention. In recent years, with the rapid development of technologies such as deep learning and graph neural networks, more research methods have begun to focus on exploring the interrelationships between stocks. However, existing methods mostly focus on the short-term dynamic relationships of stocks and directly integrating relationship information with temporal information. They often overlook the complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics and potential higher-order interaction relationships among stocks in the stock market. Therefore, we propose a stock price trend prediction model named LSR-IGRU in this paper, which is based on long short-term stock relationships and an improved GRU input. Firstly, we construct a long short-term relationship matrix between stocks, where secondary industry information is employed for the first time to capture long-term relationships of stocks, and overnight price information is utilized to establish short-term relationships. Next, we improve the inputs of the GRU model at each step, enabling the model to more effectively integrate temporal information and long short-term relationship information, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of predicting stock trend changes. Finally, through extensive experiments on multiple datasets from stock markets in China and the United States, we validate the superiority of the proposed LSR-IGRU model over the current state-of-the-art baseline models. We also apply the proposed model to the algorithmic trading system of a financial company, achieving significantly higher cumulative portfolio returns compared to other baseline methods. Our sources are released at https://***/ZP1481616577/Baselines_LSR-IGRU. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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