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FER-Former: Multimodal Transformer for Facial Expression Recognition

IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 2412-2422页

作者： Li, Yande Wang, Mingjie Gong, Minglun Lu, Yonggang Liu, Li Lanzhou University School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou730000 China University of Guelph School of Computer Science GuelphONN1G 2W1 Canada University of Alberta Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada Zhejiang Sci-Tech University School of Science Hangzhou310018 China Chongqing University School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing401331 China

The ever-increasing demands for intuitive interactions in virtual reality have led to surging interests in facial expression recognition (FER). There are however several issues commonly seen in existing methods, including narrow receptive fields and homogenous supervisory signals. To address these issues, we propose in this paper a novel multimodal supervision-steering transformer for facial expression recognition in the wild, referred to as FER-former. Specifically, to address the limitation of narrow receptive fields, a hybrid feature extraction pipeline is designed by cascading both prevailing CNNs and transformers. To deal with the issue of homogenous supervisory signals, a heterogeneous domain-steering supervision module is proposed to incorporate text-space semantic correlations to enhance image features, based on the similarity between image and text features. Additionally, a FER-specific transformer encoder is introduced to characterize conventional one-hot label-focusing and CLIP-based text-oriented tokens in parallel for final classification. Based on the collaboration of multifarious token heads, global receptive fields with multimodal semantic cues are captured, delivering superb learning capability. Extensive experiments on popular benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of the proposed FER-former over the existing state-of-the-art methods. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Fuzzy deep learning architecture for cucumber plant disease detection and classification

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Journal of Big Data 2025年第1期12卷 1-21页

作者： Bilal, Anas Khan, Junaid Ali Alzahrani, Abdulkareem Almohammadi, Khalid Alamri, Maha Liu, Xiaowen College of Information Science and Technology Hainan Normal University Haikou571158 China Department of Computer Science HITEC University Taxila Taxila47080 Pakistan Computer Science Department Faculty of Computing and Information Al-Baha University Al-Baha65779 Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Applied College University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department Faculty of Computing and Information Al-Baha University Al-Baha65779 Saudi Arabia

This paper introduces a novel fuzzy deep convolutional neural network architecture for cucumber plant disease detection, contributing to precision farming in Industry 5.0. The proposed architecture incorporates 40 convolutional layers, 4 pooling layers, 4 inverted bottleneck blocks, 4 bottleneck blocks, 5 fuzzy layers, and a fully connected layer designed to enhance accuracy and stability when analyzing remotely sensed data. The fuzzy optimistic formula is used for activation in four blocks, enabling effective information fusion. At the same time, the ReLU transfer function ensures robustness, mainly when dealing with noisy or incomplete image segments. Feature vector optimization is performed using a chaotic particle swarm algorithm, enhancing the model’s overall accuracy, reliability, and ease of implementation. The architecture achieves 98% classification accuracy, outperforming leading models like VGG-19, DarkNet-19, and ResNet-50. Moreover, the computational time per run (40–90 s) is significantly lower than these models, which use higher learnable parameters (5.7 million). The proposed approach is efficient and feasible, offering a more stable and accurate disease detection system while utilizing fewer resources. This work demonstrates the potential of AI-driven solutions in agriculture, particularly in improving disease detection and crop yield through advanced machine learning techniques. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Metamorphic Relation Patterns for Metamorphic Testing, Exploration and Robustness

Metamorphic Relation Patterns for Metamorphic Testing, Explo...

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作者： Ying, Zhihao Towey, Dave Bellotti, Anthony Chua, Caslon Quan Zhou, Zhi School of Computer Science University of Nottingham Ningbo China Zhejiang Ningbo China Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC Australia School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong WollongongNSW Australia

Metamorphic testing (MT) is an effective software quality assurance method;it uses metamorphic relations (MRs) to examine the inputs and outputs of multiple test cases. Metamorphic exploration (ME) and metamorphic robustness testing (MRT) are advanced additions to the MT literature: ME can enable better understanding, and thus testing, of systems;MRT can test software robustness without an oracle. Metamorphic relation patterns (MRPs) are abstractions or templates for multiple concrete MRs. The performance of MT/ME/MRT relies on the quality of MRs, but the identification of MRs is often a manual task requiring some knowledge of MRPs, creative thinking and a good understanding of the system. In other words, the effective identification of MRs remains a challenge and requires further study. In this paper, we propose formal definitions to describe the relationship between multiple MRPs in order to classify them. We also identify a series of new MRPs and propose a new MT framework that can guide the identification and application of MRPs. Based on our definitions, we present the notion of MRP family trees and further propose two trees by classifying previously published MRPs and our proposed MRPs, in order to make it easier for users to find their target MRPs for reuse, reference or inference. Finally, we report on case studies using the MRPs and our framework to guide the identification of MRs for MT/ME/MRT and successfully detect multiple violations. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： software testing

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ViT Enhanced Privacy-Preserving Secure Medical Data Sharing and Classification 22

ViT Enhanced Privacy-Preserving Secure Medical Data Sharing ...

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22nd IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC 2025

作者： Amin, Al Hasan, Kamrul Ullah, Sharif Hossain, M. Shamim College of Engineering Tennessee State University Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering TN United States College of Science and Engineering University of Central Arkansas Department of Computer Science & Engineering Conway AR United States College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Department of Software Engineering Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508050

Privacy-preserving and secure data sharing are critical for medical image analysis while maintaining accuracy and minimizing computational overhead are also crucial. Applying existing deep neural networks (DNNs) to encrypted medical data is not always easy and often compromises performance and security. To address these limitations, this research introduces a secure framework consisting of a learnable encryption method based on block-pixel operation to encrypt the data and subsequently integrate it with the Vision Transformer (ViT). The proposed framework ensures data privacy and security by creating unique scrambling patterns per key, providing robust performance against leading bit attacks and minimum difference attacks. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial Robustness Medical Image sharing and Classification Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing Vision Trans-former (ViT)

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Design of Flexure Robotic Hand for Teleoperation 6th

Design of Flexure Robotic Hand for Teleoperation

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6th Joint International Conference on Multibody System Dynamics and 10th Asian Conference on Multibody Systems, IMSD-ACMD 2020

作者： Zubair, Mohammad Bhandari, Shubham Chatterjee, Indranath Department of Mechanical Engineering Adamas University Kolkata India Software Development Engineer-I HashedIn by Deloitte Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9789819775248

Robots are getting deployed at home and in industries, becoming an integral part of our daily lives. Sophisticated mechanisms are required to make the joints of the robots compact and simple. In this paper, we have developed a flexure joint for the fingers of the robotic hand. The flexure joint is arranged in series to make a three-DOF underactuated finger. Five fingers are arranged to make a robotic hand. Castigliano’s theorem is used to develop the deformation related to the applied loads, using the equation the flexure mechanism was designed. Pseudo-rigid model is developed to determine the stiffness of the flexure mechanism. A virtual model of the flexure mechanism is developed in a CAD environment. Finite Element (FE) simulation is conducted to the different loading conditions to evaluate the performance of the flexure mechanism. It was seen that the flexure mechanism is flexible about the rotational axis and stiff about the other axes. The stiffness model developed using the pseudo-rigid model has a good correlation with the FE simulation model. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Robotic arms

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DocTTT: Test-Time Training for Handwritten Document Recognition Using Meta-Auxiliary Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Gu, Wenhao Gu, Li Wang, Ziqiang Suen, Ching Yee Wang, Yang Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Canada

Despite recent significant advancements in Handwritten Document Recognition (HDR), the efficient and accurate recognition of text against complex backgrounds, diverse handwriting styles, and varying document layouts remains a practical challenge. Moreover, this issue is seldom addressed in academic research, particularly in scenarios with minimal annotated data available. In this paper, we introduce the DocTTT framework to address these challenges. The key innovation of our approach is that it uses test-time training to adapt the model to each specific input during testing. We propose a novel Meta-Auxiliary learning approach that combines Meta-learning and self-supervised Masked Autoencoder (MAE). During testing, we adapt the visual representation parameters using a self-supervised MAE loss. During training, we learn the model parameters using a meta-learning framework, so that the model parameters are learned to adapt to a new input effectively. Experimental results show that our proposed method significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches on benchmark datasets. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Role of Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Information Extraction Systems

Decision Making: Applications in Management and Engineering

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Decision Making: Applications in Management and engineering 2025年第1期8卷 401-418页

作者： Al-Safarini, Maram Y. Baashirah, Rania A. Computer Science Department Zarqa University Jordan Software Engineering Department University of Business & Technology Saudi Arabia

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming numerous domains, including bioinformatics and information extraction systems, by advancing data processing capabilities, enhancing precision, and facilitating automation. The primary aim of this research is to examine the function of AI within the realms of bioinformatics and information extraction through a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative component involved a sample of 152 participants, recognised as experts in bioinformatics and data science. The survey findings underscore the prevalent integration of AI in bioinformatics, particularly through the utilisation of reinforcement learning, neural networks, and natural language processing (NLP). Furthermore, AI substantially improves the analysis of biological data;however, it encounters challenges such as limited model interpretability and the lack of data standardisation. Notwithstanding these obstacles, AI-driven innovations in disease prognosis, personalised healthcare, and pharmaceutical development are anticipated to shape the future trajectory of bioinformatics. The qualitative findings, derived through thematic analysis encompassing core themes and sub-themes, reveal that AI significantly contributes to accelerating and refining information extraction processes. Technologies such as machine learning, NLP, and neural networks are instrumental in enhancing data processing efficiency. Nonetheless, issues such as inadequate data quality, elevated computational expenses, and the intricacy of AI models remain persistent. Looking ahead, AI is projected to integrate more effectively with big data infrastructures, enable real-time information extraction, and deliver increasingly tailored solutions. The study concludes with several policy recommendations to guide future implementation strategies. © 2025 Regional Association for Security and crisis management. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data integration

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LLM-based Methodology for Expanding 3D Metadata in Point Cloud 27

LLM-based Methodology for Expanding 3D Metadata in Point Clo...

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27th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology, ICACT 2025

作者： Kim, Geon-Woo Kim, Joo-Chang Department of AI Computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi University Suwon16227 Korea Republic of Contents Convergence Software Research Institute Kyonggi University Suwon16227 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9791188428137

This paper proposes a method for expanding the metadata of three-dimensional point cloud data using Large Language Models (LLMs). Currently, point cloud data plays a crucial role in various fields such as autonomous driving and medical image reconstruction, necessitating the expansion of metadata for efficient processing. Traditionally, metadata construction has relied on manual input, which is prone to errors. In this study, we propose a method that utilizes LLMs, particularly the Llama 3.1 model, to extract the center points of each class in the point cloud data and expand the metadata by adding these center points to the annotation files. By using center points, computational costs are reduced, and the performance of segmentation and detection models based on this data is improved. Copyright 2025 Global IT Research Institute (GIRI). All rights reserved.

关键词： Data assimilation

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Construction of PCOS Prediction Model based on BP Neural Network 6

Construction of PCOS Prediction Model based on BP Neural Net...

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6th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics, ICMCSI 2025

作者： Hu, Xianqing Yadav, Amit Khan, Asif Sah, Abhishek Pratap Azam, Sami School of Computer and Software Chengdu Neusoft University Chengdu China Faculty of Science and Technology Charles Darwin University NT Australia Department of Computer Application Integral University Lucknow India School of Management Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522667

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine-metabolic disorder affecting about 10-13% of women during reproductive age worldwide, often leads to irregular menstruation, infertility, obesity, and long-term health risks such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this paper, clinical data from PCOS patients and healthy control group were collected from ten hospitals containing 37 key indicators such as age, weight, BMI, menstrual cycle, etc. BP (Back Propagation) Neural Network prediction models were constructed and compared using the collected data and the cross-validation method was used for parameter tuning. It was found that BP Neural Network performed particularly well on the test set, and both demonstrated high prediction accuracy and generalization ability which provided strong evidence for the early identification and early valuable intervention opportunities for PCOS patients. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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A Neural Network Framework for Classifying Educational Content Aligned with Learning Outcomes

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Procedia computer science 2025年 257卷 529-536页

作者： Adel Alkhalil Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha’il Ha’il 81481 Saudi Arabia

Rapid growth of digital educational content necessitates efficient and accurate methods for organizing and mapping resources to ensure well-alignment with targeted learning outcomes, academic standards, and competency frameworks. Traditional text classification approaches, including rule-based and classical machine learning techniques, often fail to address the semantic diversity and scalability demands of modern educational systems. This study investigates the application of neural networks for text classification to automate the mapping of educational content into predefined categories. Leveraging state-of-the-art architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, and transformers like BERT, we present an architecture of a systematic Classification of educational materials. We discuss the implications of this work for adaptive learning environments, emphasizing the potential of neural networks to enhance the efficiency and scalability of content mapping. This study contributes to the growing body of research in artificial intelligence for education and sets the stage for further exploration into multilingual and domain-specific content classification methods.

关键词： Neural Networks Text Classification Educational Content Curriculum Mapping Transformer Models Learning Outcomes

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