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Quantum Algorithms and Experiment Implementations Based on IBM Q

computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1671-1689页

作者： Wenjie Liu Junxiu Chen Yinsong Xu Jiahao Tang Lian Tong Xiaoyu Song Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Information Engineering Jiangsu Maritime InstituteNanjing211100China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Portland State UniversityOregon97207USA

With the rapid development of quantum theory and technology in recent years,especially the emergence of some quantum cloud computing platforms,more and more researchers are not satisfied with the theoretical derivation and simulation verification of quantum computation(especially quantum algorithms),experimental verification on real quantum devices has become a new *** this paper,three representative quantum algorithms,namely Deutsch-Jozsa,Grover,and Shor algorithms,are briefly depicted,and then their implementation circuits are presented,*** program these circuits on python with QISKit to connect the remote real quantum devices(i.e.,ibmqx4,ibmqx5)on IBM Q to verify these *** experimental results not only show the feasibility of these algorithms,but also serve to evaluate the functionality of these devices.

关键词： Quantum algorithms implementation circuit IBM Q QISKit program

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Latent fingerprint enhancement and segmentation technique based on hybrid edge adaptive DTV model 2

Latent fingerprint enhancement and segmentation technique ba...

引用

2nd International Conference on Smart Computing and Electronic Enterprise, ICSCEE 2021

作者： Hilles, Shadi M S Liban, Abdilahi Miaikil, Othman A.M. Mahmoud Altrad, Abdullah Baker El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Hilles, Mohanad M Contreras, Jennifer Istanbul OKAN University Software Engineering Department Istanbul Turkey Hargeisa University Computer Science Department Hargeisa Somalia Al-Madinah International University Computer Science Department Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Faculty of Informatics and Computing Trengganu Malaysia University College of Applied Science Information Technology Department Gaza Palestine FEU Institute of Technology Department of Information Technology Manila Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432221

Image enhancement and segmentation is widely used for fingerprint identification and authorization in biometrics devices, criminal scene is most challenges due to low quality of fingerprint, the most significant efforts is to develop algorithm for latent fingerprint enhancement which become challenging problem due to the complex and existing problem for instance, developing algorithms of latent fingerprint is able to extract features of image blocks and removing overlapping and isolate the poor and noisy background. however, it's still challenging and interested problem specifically latent fingerprint enhancement and segmentation. The aim study of this paper is to propose latent fingerprint enhancement and segmentation based on hybrid model and Chan-Vese method for segmentation, in order to reduce low image quality and increase the accuracy of fingerprint. The desired characteristics of intended technique are adaptive, effective and accurate, hybrid model of edge adaptive direction achieves accurate latent fingerprint enhancement and segmentation, the target needs to improve feature detection and performance, this research has proposed system architecture of research method in fingerprint enhancement and segmentation where is the method content two stages, the first is normalization and second is reconstruction, using EDTV model is required for adaptive noise, in addition Chan-vase technique contributed for identification of fingerprint image features, the result and testing using RMSE with three categories of fingerprint images good, bad and ugly show better performance for all three categories, as well RMSE shows the average of good latent fingerprint before and after enhancement. Latent Fingerprint Enhancement and Segmentation Technique Based on Hybrid Model Edge Adaptive Directional Total Variation © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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How Deep is Love in LLMs’ Hearts? Exploring Semantic Size in Human-like Cognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yao, Yao Yang, Yifei Ma, Xinbei Yang, Dongjie Zhang, Zhuosheng Li, Zuchao Zhao, Hai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trusted Data Circulation and Governance in Web3 Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China

How human cognitive abilities are formed has long captivated researchers. However, a significant challenge lies in developing meaningful methods to measure these complex processes. With the advent of large language models (LLMs), which now rival human capabilities in various domains, we are presented with a unique testbed to investigate human cognition through a new lens. Among the many facets of cognition, one particularly crucial aspect is the concept of semantic size—the perceived magnitude of both abstract and concrete words or concepts. This study seeks to investigate whether LLMs exhibit similar tendencies in understanding semantic size, thereby providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of human cognition. We begin by exploring metaphorical reasoning, comparing how LLMs and humans associate abstract words with concrete objects of varying sizes. Next, we examine LLMs’ internal representations to evaluate their alignment with human cognitive processes. Our findings reveal that multi-modal training is crucial for LLMs to achieve more human-like understanding, suggesting that real-world, multi-modal experiences are similarly vital for human cognitive development. Lastly, we examine whether LLMs are influenced by attention-grabbing headlines with larger semantic sizes in a real-world web shopping scenario. The results show that multi-modal LLMs are more emotionally engaged in decision-making, but this also introduces potential biases, such as the risk of manipulation through clickbait headlines. Ultimately, this study offers a novel perspective on how LLMs interpret and internalize language, from the smallest concrete objects to the most profound abstract concepts like ‘love’. The insights gained not only improve our understanding of LLMs but also provide new avenues for exploring the cognitive abilities that define human intelligence. Our code and dataset is publicly available at https://***/Zoeyyao27/LLM-Semantic-Size-Understanding. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Semantics

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Resource Optimization for LEO Constellation Networks: A Multi-satellite Cooperative Coverage Design

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2025年

作者： Ma, Xu Zhang, Haijun Song, Wei Lu, Yang Wu, Yuan Leung, Victor C.M University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services Beijing100083 China China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd Beijing102209 China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Macau China University of Macau Department of Computer and Information Science Macau China Shenzhen University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen518061 China

With its low latency, high throughput, good deployment flexibility, and cost-effectiveness, the low earth orbit (LEO) constellation is regarded as a promising technology for seamless coverage. Unlike geosynchronous orbiting (GSO) satellites, the highly dynamic evolution of LEO constellation topology poses a significant challenge to the traditional scheme of allocating wireless resources. This paper proposes a multisatellite cooperative coverage resource allocation for the LEO constellation. A multi-objective optimization problem focusing on throughput and coverage time is proposed for the overall service quality of the LEO constellation. To solve the complex coupling between multi-domain resources, the optimization problem is decomposed into three key subproblems, which are the beam placement problem, the joint beam association with power allocation problem, and the beam hopping time slot allocation problem. For each subproblem, an adaptive algorithm is proposed that effectively exploits the payload of LEO satellites to ensure the coverage performance of the constellation network. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed coverage scheme enables fast convergence, enhances network throughput utility, and guarantees the stability and fairness of the communication services. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Outlier Detection in Eigenvalue Spaces Based on Spectral Analysis of KNN Graphs

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Jia Wang, Chenxu Wang, Xiaochun Wang, Xiali School of Software Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China MOE Key Lab of Intelligent Network and Network Security Xi’an Jiaotong University China Department of Computer Science Chang’an University Xi’an China

Outlier detection is a critical method in data mining as it has a wide range of practical use in various fields. Spectral clustering has attracted much attention for its advantage of coping with the curse of dimensionality in high-dimensional spaces. This paper presents a new spectral analysis-based outlier detection (SAOD) framework. We first construct the $k$ nearest neighbors ($k$NN) graphs of each sample and compute the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrices of these graphs. Our findings indicate that the distribution of eigenvalues for outliers differs from that of inliers. Based on this observation, we employ the multivariate Gaussian kernel density estimation to empirically estimate the eigenvalues distribution of a given dataset. We then introduce a new outlier factor, based on the eigenvalue probabilities of samples to assess their outlierness degree. The experimental results, obtained from both synthetic and real-world datasets, show that our spectral analysis-based outlier detection method outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Adaptive latent fingerprint image segmentation and matching using Chan-vese technique based on EDTV model 2

Adaptive latent fingerprint image segmentation and matching ...

引用

2nd International Conference on Smart Computing and Electronic Enterprise, ICSCEE 2021

作者： Hilles, Shadi M S Liban, Abdilahi Altrad, Abdullah Mahmoud Miaikil, Othman A.M. El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Baker Contreras, Jennifer Hilles, Mohanad M Istanbul OKAN University Software Engineering Department Istanbul Turkey Hargeisa University Computer Science Department Hargeisa Somalia Al-Madinah International University Computer Science Department Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Faculty of Informatics and Computing Trengganu Malaysia FEU Institute of Technology Department of Information Technology Manila Philippines University College of Applied Science Information Technology Department Gaza Palestine

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432221

Biometrics such as face, fingerprint, iris, voice and palm prints are the most widely used, and as well the fingerprints are one of the most frequently used biometrics to identify individuals and authenticate their identity. commonly categorized into three different categories which are rolled, plain and latent fingerprints. The reliability of image segmentation for latent fingerprint which is used in criminal issues still challenges, The difficulty of latent fingerprint image segmentation mainly lies in the poor quality of fingerprint patterns and the presence of the noise in the background, This research has investigated the fingerprint segmentation and matching based on EDTV and presented Chan-vese active contour segmentation technique, in addition, presented NIST SD27 for grayscale dataset of latent fingerprint which is standard by National Institute of Standard and Technology, where is dataset have varieties of fingerprint image samples, a total about 258 of latent fingerprint, those samples collected from crime scenes and matching fingerprint and shown the performance of matching accuracy ROC and CMC curves, To evaluate the performance of the matching ROC and CMC curves has been deployed, The area under curve (AUC) of the ROC of the good images performance is 72% with CMC rank1-idnetification of 42% and rank-20 identification of 79%. the result shows that the latent fingerprint method performance is better for good latent fingerprint images compare to bad and ugly images, while there is no much difference for bad and ugly image. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Biometrics

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Federated Learning for Diffusion Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Peng, Zihao Wang, Xijun Chen, Shengbo Rao, Hong Shen, Cong School of Mathematics and Computer Science Nanchang University Nanchang330000 China School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510006 China School of Software Nanchang University Nanchang330000 China Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that can produce highly realistic samples for various tasks. Typically, these models are constructed using centralized, independently and identically distributed (IID) training data. However, in practical scenarios, data is often distributed across multiple clients and frequently manifests non-IID characteristics. Federated Learning (FL) can leverage this distributed data to train diffusion models, but the performance of existing FL methods is unsatisfactory in non-IID scenarios. To address this, we propose FEDDDPM—Federated Learning with Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models, which leverages the data generative capability of diffusion models to facilitate model training. In particular, the server uses well-trained local diffusion models uploaded by each client before FL training to generate auxiliary data that can approximately represent the global data distribution. Following each round of model aggregation, the server further optimizes the global model using the auxiliary dataset to alleviate the impact of heterogeneous data on model performance. We provide a rigorous convergence analysis of FEDDDPM and propose an enhanced algorithm, FEDDDPM+, to reduce training overheads. FEDDDPM+ detects instances of slow model learning and performs a one-shot correction using the auxiliary dataset. Experimental results validate that our proposed algorithms outperform the state-of-the-art FL algorithms on the MNIST, CIFAR10 and CIFAR100 datasets. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Federated learning

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On the comparison of optimal NOMA and OMA in a paradigm shift of emerging technologies

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Ghosh, Joydev Ra, In-Ho Singh, Saurabh Haci, Hüseyin Al-Utaibi, Khaled A. Sait, Sadiq M. School of Computer Science and Robotics Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russia School of Computer Information and Communication Engineering Kunsan National University Gunsan Korea Republic of Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering Dongguk University Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Near East University Mersin 10 Turkey Computer Science and Software Engineering Department University of Ha’il Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a better multiple access technique than orthogonal multiple access (OMA), precisely orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme, at the conceptual level for fifth-generation (5G) networks and beyond 5G (B5G) networks. We investigate the potentials of the schemes by comparing the proposed NOMA scheme with the traditional cooperative communication NOMA (CCNOMA) scheme, rather than the comparison between NOMA and OMA only. To probe the effectiveness of NOMA as a multiple access technique, we propose a novel NOMA scheme considering two adjacent BSs with a special design of the transceiver architecture. The proposed scheme provides a reasonable data rate to both near user (NU) and far user (FU) without compromising the quality of service (QoS) to anyone of them. The conclusive analyses on the optimization framework of multi-user sum rate, capacity, transmit power, spectral efficiency (SE), and energy efficiency (EE) trade-off for NOMA and OFDMA schemes have been established to a succession of derivations. Under the analytical optimization framework, we also prove quite a few properties for them. Simulation results confirm the theoretical findings and show that the two schemes can efficiently approach the optimal power allocation, minimization of power consumption, and optimal SE-EE trade-off, and the proposed NOMA scheme provides comparatively better data sum rates than the baseline OMA scheme. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Stochastic Approximation Approaches to Group Distributionally Robust Optimization and Beyond

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Lijun Bai, Haomin Zhao, Peng Yang, Tianbao Zhou, Zhi-Hua National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station United States

This paper investigates group distributionally robust optimization (GDRO) with the goal of learning a model that performs well over m different distributions. First, we formulate GDRO as a stochastic convex-concave saddle-point problem, which is then solved by stochastic mirror descent (SMD) with m samples in each iteration, and attain a nearly optimal sample complexity. To reduce the number of samples required in each round from m to 1, we cast GDRO as a two-player game, where one player conducts SMD and the other executes an online algorithm for non-oblivious multi-armed bandits, maintaining the same sample complexity. Next, we extend GDRO to address scenarios involving imbalanced data and heterogeneous distributions. In the first scenario, we introduce a weighted variant of GDRO, enabling distribution-dependent convergence rates that rely on the number of samples from each distribution. We design two strategies to meet the sample budget: one integrates non-uniform sampling into SMD, and the other employs the stochastic mirror-prox algorithm with mini-batches, both of which deliver faster rates for distributions with more samples. In the second scenario, we propose to optimize the average top-k risk instead of the maximum risk, thereby mitigating the impact of outlier distributions. Similar to the case of vanilla GDRO, we develop two stochastic approaches: one uses m samples per iteration via SMD, and the other consumes k samples per iteration through an online algorithm for non-oblivious combinatorial semi-bandits. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Budget control

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Online Joint Power Allocation and Task Scheduling for LEO Satellite Networks

Online Joint Power Allocation and Task Scheduling for LEO Sa...

引用

2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, WCNC 2025

作者： Li, Zheyuan He, Lijun Wang, Juncheng Jia, Ziye Wang, Yanting Yuen, Chau School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical University China School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and Technology China Hong Kong Baptist University Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Ministry of Industry and Information Technology China School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368369

The excessive proliferation of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites inescapably bring the explosive growth of space data in LEO Satellite Networks (LSNs). Meanwhile, the stochastic arrivals of space data together with the time-varying satellite-ground links in LSNs pose significant challenges for offloading a large volume of space data from LSNs to ground stations. To circumvent these challenges, we systematically study the energy-constrained online data offloading problem to jointly optimize power allocation and task scheduling for LSNs. First, we leverage Lyapunov optimization to decouple our formulated long-term stochastic joint optimization problem into a set of per-time-slot subproblems. Then, each subproblem is decoupled into a task scheduling problem and a power allocation problem. Next, we derive the optimal solution to the power allocation problem and propose a multi-armed bandit based quasi-optimal solution to the task scheduling problem. Finally, extensive simulation results show that our proposed algorithm has superior performance over the state-of-the-art solutions. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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