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A novel U-net model for brain tumor segmentation from MRI images

Alexandria engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 220-230页

作者： Obayya, Marwa Alshuhail, Asma Mahmood, Khalid Alanazi, Meshari H. Alqahtani, Mohammed Aljehane, Nojood O. Almansour, Hamad Al-Hagery, Mohammed Abdullah Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University PO Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology King Faisal university Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Applied College at Mahayil King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Information System and Cyber Security College of Computing and Information Technology University of Bisha Bisha61922 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Technology University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Applied Collage Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Qassim University Saudi Arabia

Segmentation of brain tumors aids in diagnosing the disease early, planning treatment, and monitoring its progression in medical image analysis. Automation is necessary to eliminate the time and variability associated with traditional segmentation methods. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and U-Net architectures have demonstrated their efficiency and effectiveness in segmenting brain tumors from MRI images using deep learning techniques. The paper presents an improved U-Net-based segmentation algorithm that integrates nested skip paths to improve encoder-decoder feature fusion. The performance of segmentation was optimized by utilizing a variety of activation functions and loss functions, including Dice Loss and Intersection over Union (IoU). A high level of accuracy was demonstrated in the proposed model when it was evaluated using the LGG Segmentation Dataset. The proposed approach for segmenting medical images has been shown to be both robust and efficient in a comparative analysis. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Collaborative Deadline-sensitive Multi-task Offloading in Vehicular-Cloud Networks 17

Collaborative Deadline-sensitive Multi-task Offloading in Ve...

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17th International Conference on COMmunication systems and NETworkS, COMSNETS 2025

作者： Kumar, Prasanna Sushma, S.A. Chandrasekaran, K. Addya, Sourav Kanti National Institute of Technology Karnataka Cloud and Smart System Services Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Surathkal India Siddaganga Institute of Technology Cloud and Smart System Services Lab Tumakuru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531195

With the growing technological advancements in the Internet and advanced functionalities in vehicular networks, it becomes crucial to execute tasks quickly and efficiently. However, the limited onboard computational capacity and vehicle mobility make it challenging to accomplish latency-sensitive tasks efficiently. Task offloading provides a promising solution to overcome these challenges. Cloud data centers provide efficient solutions, but returning the results to the vehicles takes longer due to the large physical distance. Leveraging edge servers to execute latency-sensitive tasks provides a fast, interactive response and less transmission cost. However, in a dynamic network, vehicles will be in constant motion with varying speeds, resulting in frequent handoffs from one base station to another. Our proposed work aims to select the optimal nodes to perform binary offloading with minimum cost using the collaborative vehicular network. We use a greedy-based offloading approach to address these challenges and achieve better quality-of-service and quality-of-experience in a dynamic environment to minimize costs, delay reduction ratio, and satisfaction ratio. The proposed work outperforms the baseline by 60.44%, 53.43% in reducing total system cost, delay reduction ratio, and 36% improvement in the satisfaction ratio compared to baseline algorithms. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Quality of service

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Artificial intelligence-based smart galliformes farm management system

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Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for engineering and Architecture 2025年第1期16卷 64-77页

作者： Himel, Galib Muhammad Shahriar Islam, Md. Masudul Kader, Md. Nasimul Rahman, Mustafizur School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Greenwich London United Kingdom Department of Computing and Information System Daffodil International Academy Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computing and Information System Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh

This article introduces an Artificial Intelligent-driven system for Galliformes Farm Management, consulting, and disease control. Comprising both a web-based mobile app and a website, the system integrates physical electronic devices to regulate intelligent automation. The application employs Artificial Neural Network and computer vision for the identification of breeds and the recognition of diseases in galliform birds, utilizing TensorFlow for real-time detection. It notifies local farmers about bird flu infections with an integrated infection map using Google's map Application Programming Interface. The system also controls farm temperature and humidity through microcontrollers and sensors, offering consulting features such as cost calculation, food chart generation, and drug suggestions. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Breed identification Disease classification Image classification Poultry farm automation Smart farm management

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Combining LLMs and Simheuristics: An Application to the Project Portfolio Selection Problem 2nd

Combining LLMs and Simheuristics: An Application to the P...

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2nd Decision science Alliance International Summer Conference, DSA ISC 2024

作者： Saiz, Miguel Calvet, Laura Computer Science Department Universitat Oberta de Catalunya Barcelona08860 Spain Telecommunication and System Engineering Department Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Sabadell08202 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783031782374

Large Language Models (LLMs) are very large deep learning models, which are pre-trained on vast amounts of data, able to achieve general-purpose language understanding and generation. GPT-4 is an increasingly popular example from OpenAI. We introduce a novel framework called Generative Heuristics, which hybridize (meta)heuristics for its quantitative capabilities with the qualitative proficiency of LLMs. To illustrate this framework, we address a rich version of the Project Portfolio Selection Problem with a Generative Heuristic relying on a Simheuristic Algorithm. Our solving approach explores candidate portfolios, optimizing quantitative outcomes, such as the Net Present Value, while maintaining a focus on non-quantifiable strategic contributions. To maximize realism and applicability, the strategic plan from the LIFE program (EU’s funding instrument for environment and climate action) and project summaries from actual LIFE-funded projects are utilized. A computational experiment is carried out to illustrate the feasibility and potential of our approach, which enhance quantitative search procedures with cognitive capabilities, offering decision-makers both a more comprehensive and versatile set of options. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Decentralized finance

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Positioning Control for Voice Coil Motor Using Unbalanced Multilevel Inverter Topology

Positioning Control for Voice Coil Motor Using Unbalanced Mu...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, ICM 2025

作者： Takei, Gaku Obara, Hidemine Haneda, Ryo Nozaki, Takahiro Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan Yokohama National University Department of Physics Electrical and Computer Engineering Yokohama Japan Keio University Department of System Design Engineering Yokohama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533892

This article proposes a new multi-level inverter (MLI) based on flying capacitor inverter (FCI), with focused on high-precision positioning control for a voice coil motor (VCM). Multi-level inverters (MLIs) have the characteristic that increasing the number of output voltage levels reduces the output voltage error. However, as the number of levels increases, the number of circuit elements increases, and the circuit becomes more complex. In addition, the output voltage amplitude for each level is constant in conventional inverters. As a result, such as high-precision positioning control of VCM, designing an appropriate inverter for a reference wave that contains a large amount of low-voltage components increases the number of circuit elements. Therefore, this paper proposes a MLI with two unbalanced dc-input voltages, referred to as unbalanced MLIs (UMLIs) hereinafter. This topology uses two different dc-input voltages, and it is possible to reduce the output voltage level in extremely low-voltage range compared to other voltage levels. Simulation results when the high-precision positioning control of the VCM confirm that the proposed UMLIs improves the control performance compared to the conventional FCIs with equal number of output voltage levels and uniform level widths. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： motion control Multi-level inverter voice coil motor

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FDDSGCN: Fractional Decoupling Dynamic Spatiotemporal Graph Convolutional Network for Traffic Forecasting

FDDSGCN: Fractional Decoupling Dynamic Spatiotemporal Graph ...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Xu, Jinpeng Zhao, Chunna Yang, Jing Huang, Yaqun Yang, Yaoyuan Yee, Por Lip School of Information Science & Engineering Yunnan University Kunming China Department of Computer System and Technology Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Urban traffic flow management faces increasing challenges due to accelerating urbanization. Traffic data collected from roadside sensors contain complex temporal and spatial dependencies that interact simultaneously. Although Graph Neural Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks have been successful in capturing these dependencies, two critical issues remain: 1) Treating all traffic signals equally fails to capture the nuanced spatiotemporal dependencies hidden in time series data;2) Dynamic traffic conditions hinder the accurate capture of local spatial dependencies, thereby limiting prediction accuracy and reliability. To address these challenges, we propose an innovative model, FDDSGCN. To resolve the first issue, we introduce Fractional Residual Decomposition, which effectively separates traffic data into spatial and temporal signals. For the second issue, we employ Dynamic Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolution with fractional-order weight adjustments to dynamically capture local dependencies. Additionally, the Long Short-Term Dependency module analyzes both long-term and short-term dependencies. Extensive experiments on three public datasets demonstrate the superior performance and practical value of our model. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： dynamic graph learning Fractional Residual decomposition spatial-temporal graph Traffic prediction

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Interference Suppression and Jitter Elimination Ability-Based Adaption Tracking Guidance for Robotic Fishes

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 126-137页

作者： Dongfang Li Jie Huang Rob Law Xin Xu Limin Zhu Edmond Q.Wu IEEE the School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University the Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education the School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University 5G+Industrial Internet Institute Fuzhou University the University of Macau the College of Mechatronics and Automation National University of Defense Technology the School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University the Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

This work presents an adaptive tracking guidance method for robotic fishes. The scheme enables robots to suppress external interference and eliminate motion jitter. An adaptive integral surge line-of-sight guidance rule is designed to eliminate dynamics interference and sideslip issues. Limited-time yaw and surge speed observers are reported to fit disturbance variables in the model. The approximation values can compensate for the system's control input and improve the robots' tracking ***, this work develops a terminal sliding mode controller and third-order differential processor to determine the rotational torque and reduce the robots' run jitter. Then, Lyapunov's theory proves the uniform ultimate boundedness of the proposed method. Simulation and physical experiments confirm that the technology improves the tracking error convergence speed and stability of robotic fishes.

关键词： Adaptive integral surge line-of-sight approximation robotic fish speed observer

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Advancing Smartphone Sensor-Based Keystroke Dynamics for Implicit and Active Authentication: Addressing Challenges and Enhancing Usability Control 11th

Advancing Smartphone Sensor-Based Keystroke Dynamics for Imp...

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11th International Symposium on Applied Computing for Software and Smart systems, ACSS 2024

作者： Roy, Soumen Roy, Utpal Sinha, Devadatta Pal, Rajat Kumar Department of Computer Science Bagnan College Khalore Bagnan Howrah711303 India Department of Computer and System Sciences VisvaBharati Santiniketan731235 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Calcutta Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy Siksha Prangan JD-2 Sector-III Kolkata Saltlake City700106 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819797615

Smartphone sensors play a pivotal role in delineating user behaviour, particularly in the context of keystroke dynamics-based implicit and active/continuous authentication, as well as liveness detection. The acquisition of multifaceted sensory data during typing serves as a fundamental source of behavioural attributes, yet the field faces several intricate challenges requiring careful consideration to recalibrate the delicate balance between security and usability. Notable challenges encompass the capricious nature of anomaly detectors when confronted with unavoidable influencing factors, the substantial battery drainage associated with prolonged sensor operation, the computational inefficiency intrinsic to smartphones, and the imperative need for usability control in frequently switching applications and balancing security in both device and application levels, especially in scenarios with varying security requirements. This study endeavours to mitigate these challenges through the implementation of cutting-edge anomaly detection techniques, incorporating four distinct schemes—namely, column medians template formation, synthetic samples, soft biometrics and score-level fusion. The study further leverages advanced sensory patterns, including gyroscope, accelerometer and rotational information, captured during abbreviated typing intervals at a low sampling rate to mitigate battery consumption. In the pursuit of enhanced usability control, a Watchman score is assigned to each running application, dictating security adjustments based on genuineness evaluations of micro-behaviours within predefined temporal windows. A novel rule-based mechanism is introduced to govern device and application security within a continuous authentication mode. This empirical investigation, supported by robust statistical evidence, aspires to yield more precise, energy-efficient, and user-friendly implicit and active user identity verification mechanisms. The findings present an avenue for f

关键词： Smartphones

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OHMiner: An Overlap-centric system for Efficient Hypergraph Pattern Mining 25

OHMiner: An Overlap-centric System for Efficient Hypergraph ...

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20th European Conference on computer systems, EuroSys 2025, co-located 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating systems, ASPLOS 2025

作者： Qi, Hao Luo, Kang He, Ligang Zhang, Yu Cai, Minzhi Dai, Jingxin He, Bingsheng Jin, Hai Zhang, Zhan Zhao, Jin Yue, Hengshan Yu, Hui Liao, Xiaofei National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Department of Computer Science University of Warwick United Kingdom National University of Singapore Singapore Zhejiang Lab China Jilin University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400711961

Hypergraph Pattern Mining (HPM) aims to identify all the instances of user-interested subhypergraphs (patterns) in hypergraphs, which has been widely used in various applications. However, existing solutions either need significant enumeration overhead because they extend subhypergraphs at the granularity of vertices, or suffer from massive redundant computations because they often need to repeatedly fetch and process the same incident hyperedges for different vertices. This paper presents an overlap-centric system named OHMiner to efficiently support HPM. OHMiner proposes an overlap-centric execution model to determine the subhypergraphs isomorphism through computing and comparing overlaps among hyperedges using set operations. This model aims to efficiently handle the vertices that collectively share the same incident hyperedges. To automatically and precisely retrieve an arbitrary pattern’s overlapping semantics without performing redundant set computations, OHMiner further proposes a redundancy-free compiler, which constructs an Overlap Intersection Graph (OIG) for the pattern, optimizes the OIG, and generates an overlap-centric execution plan to guide the procedure of HPM. Moreover, OHMiner designs an overlap-centric parallel execution engine, which adopts an incremental overlap-pruned approach to fast validate candidates for HPM. Additionally, it proposes a degree-aware data store to support efficient generation of candidates. Through evaluating OHMiner on a broad range of real-world hypergraphs with various patterns, our experimental results show that OHMiner outperforms the state-of-the-art HPM system by 5.4×-22.2×. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Compiler

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A trajectory-level robot skill learning method based on fuzzy systems

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 38-52页

作者： Chao ZENG Zhen DENG Boyang TI Yongsheng GAO Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology

Learning from demonstration(LfD) allows for the effective transfer of human manipulation skills to a robot by building a model that represents these skills based on a limited number of demonstrated ***,a skilllearning model that can comprehensively satisfy multiple requirements,such as computational complexity,modeling accuracy,trajectory smoothness,and robustness,is still ***,this work aims to provide such a model by employing fuzzy ***,we introduce an LfD model named Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy system-based movement primitives(TSKFMPs),which exploits the advantages of the fuzzy theory for effective robotic imitation learning of human *** work formulates the TSK fuzzy system and gradient descent(GD) as imitation learning models,leveraging recent advancements in GD-based optimization for fuzzy *** study takes a two-step strategy.(ⅰ) The input-output relationships of the model are established using TSK fuzzy systems based on demonstration *** this way,the skill is encoded by the model parameter in the latent space.(ⅱ) GD is used to optimize the model parameter to increase the modeling accuracy and trajectory *** further explain how learned trajectories are adapted to new task scenarios through local *** conduct multiple tests using an open dataset to validate our method,and the results demonstrate performance comparable with those of other ***,we implement it in a real-world case study.

关键词： robot skill learning movement primitives TSK fuzzy systems gradient descent robotics

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