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2024 International Research Conference on Smart Computing and systems engineering, SCSE 2024

作者： Sritharan, Niruthikka Gnanavel, Nishaanthini Inparaj, Prathushan Meedeniya, Dulani Yogarajah, Pratheepan University of Moratuwa Department of Computer Science and Engineering Moratuwa Sri Lanka Ulster University School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Londonderry United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375688

Cervical cancer, which is ranked fourth among cancers affecting women, is highly treatable when detected early through the pap smear test. Deep Learning (DL) models, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), analyze pap smear images, yet their Black-Box nature raises transparency concerns in medical diagnostics. This paper introduces a solution named EnsembleCAM to enhance interpretability by unifying visual explanations through the combination of diverse Class Activation Maps (CAMs). Using the Herlev Dataset, we employ data pre-processing, data augmentation techniques, develop an XceptionNet based binary classification model with an accuracy of 89% and apply GradCAM, GradCAM++, Score-CAM, Eigen-CAM and LayerCAM on this classifier. Then, the novel EnsembleCAM is constructed taking the median of activation maps from the five individual CAM methods. The analysis of activation maps of each CAM method and EnsembleCAM confirmed that in activation maps of EnsembleCAM, higher activation values were more concentrated around the nucleus which is the most important region in indicating cervical malignancy. The evaluation using pixel flipping performance metric also proved that the EnsembleCAM effectively recognises regions vital to the model's decision-making through its steepest drop in the mean prediction score when the pixels in the region contributing most to the model's decision were flipped. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Visualization

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Gaussian Differential Privacy Integrated Machine Learning Model for Industrial Internet of Things

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SN computer science 2023年第5期4卷 454页

作者： Lazar, Arokia Jesu Prabhu Soundararaj, Sivaprakash Sonthi, Vijaya Krishna Palanisamy, Vishnu Raja Subramaniyan, Vanithamani Sengan, Sudhakar Department of Computer Science and Engineering AI & ML CMR Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad 501401 India Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore 632014 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram 522502 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kongu Engineering College Tamil Nadu Perundurai 638060 India Master of Computer Applications M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering Tamil Nadu Karur 638060 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering PSN College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Tirunelveli 627152 India

Agriculture, energy, mining, healthcare, and transportation are a few of the top industries transformed by the industrial internet of things (IIoT). Industry 4.0 mainly relies on machine learning (ML) to use the vast interconnectedness and large amounts of IIoT data that IIoT primarily drives. ML approaches are trained on confidential data generated by the IIoT environment often exposes privacy to adversarial assaults. Blockchain-based ML is established in the proposed secured IIoT research work to safeguard and enhance privacy. This research proposes a Gaussian differential privacy-integrated machine learning model (GDPIMLM), created for a scalable and controlled IIoT system, fully connected (FC) layer, implemented blockchain benefits to create a privacy-preserving mechanism while considering other limitations and reasonable time. A probability test using two altered Gaussian distributions (GD) forms the basis for defining Gaussian differential privacy (GDP). Due to a central restriction theorem for differential privacy, GDP is the primary privacy term within the family of Federal differential privacy (f-DP) policies. Ethereum is used to implement experimental evaluations. Data collections show that the recommended method enhances digital data privacy with industry-leading security without reducing performance. The performance analysis of the proposed model of secured industrial internet of things (IIoT) is studied using the accuracy of comparison with existing methods and for diverse distributed entities (DE). The proposed secured IIoT attains a minimal time consumption (TC) of 790 Sec—the highest accuracy of 92%, outperforming the existing method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Blockchain Industry Industry 4.0 Learning Privacy Security Smart objects

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Answer Code Validation Program with Test Data Generation for Code Writing Problem in Java Programming Learning Assistant System

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engineering Letters 2024年第5期32卷 981-994页

作者： Wai, Khaing Hsu Funabiki, Nobuo Aung, Soe Thandar Lu, Xiqin Jing, Yanhui Kyaw, Htoo Htoo Sandi Kao, Wen-Chung Department of Information and Communication Systems Okayama University Okayama Japan Department of Computer and Information Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

In order to support the learning of novice students in Java programming, the web-based Java Programming Learning Assistant System (JPLAS) has been developed. JPLAS offers several types of exercise problems to foster code reading and writing skills at different levels. In JPLAS, the code writing problem (CWP) asks a student to write a source code that will pass the test code given in the assignment where the correctness is verified by running them on JUnit. In this paper, to reduce the teacher’s workload during the marking process, we present the answer code validation program that verifies all the source codes from a large number of students for each assignment and reports the number of passing tests for each source code in the CSV file. Besides, to test a source code with various input data, we implement the test data generation algorithm that identifies the data type, generates new data, and replaces it for each test data in the test code. Furthermore, to verify the correctness of the implemented procedures in the source code, we introduce the intermediate state testing in the test code. For evaluations, we applied the proposal to source codes and test codes in a Java programming course in Okayama university, Japan, and confirmed the validity and effectiveness. © 2024, International Association of Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Optimal Resource Allocation Method for Device-to-Device Communication in 5G Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1-15页

作者： Fahd N.Al-Wesabi Imran Khan Saleem Latteef Mohammed Huda Farooq Jameel Mohammad Alamgeer Ali M.Al-Sharafi Byung Seo Kim Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityMuhayel AseerKSA Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversityYemen Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawarPakistan Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Electrical Engineering Technical CollegeMiddle Technical UniversityBaghdad10013Iraq Department of Information Systems King Khalid UniversityMayahel AseerKSA Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaKSA Department of Software and Communications Engineering Hongik UniversityKorea

With the rapid development of the next-generation mobile network,the number of terminal devices and applications is growing ***,how to obtain a higher data rate,wider network coverage and higher resource utilization in the limited spectrum resources has become the common research goal of ***-to-Device(D2D)communication technology and other frontier communication technologies have ***-to-Device communication technology is the technology that devices in proximity can communicate directly in cellular *** has become one of the key technologies of the fifth-generation mobile communications system(5G).D2D communication technology which is introduced into cellular networks can effectively improve spectrum utilization,enhance network coverage,reduce transmission delay and improve system throughput,but it would also bring complicated and various interferences due to reusing cellular resources at the same *** resource management is one of the most challenging and importing issues to give full play to the advantages of D2D *** resource allocation is an important factor that needs to be addressed in D2D ***,this paper proposes an optimization method based on the game-matching *** main idea is to model the optimization problem of the quality-of-experience based on user fairness and solve it through game-matching *** results show that the proposed algorithm effectively improved the resource allocation and utilization as compared with existing algorithms.

关键词： D2D communication resource allocation optimization networks

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Reinforcement Learning with an Ensemble of Binary Action Deep Q-Networks

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computer systems science & engineering 2023年第9期46卷 2651-2666页

作者： A.M.Hafiz M.Hassaballah Abdullah Alqahtani Shtwai Alsubai Mohamed Abdel Hameed Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Institute of TechnologyUniversity of KashmirSrinagarJ&K190006India Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationSouth Valley UniversityQenaEgypt College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkhrjKSA Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationLuxor UniversityLuxorEgypt

With the advent of Reinforcement Learning(RL)and its continuous progress,state-of-the-art RL systems have come up for many challenging and real-world *** the scope of this area,various techniques are found in the *** such notable technique,Multiple Deep Q-Network(DQN)based RL systems use multiple DQN-based-entities,which learn together and communicate with each *** learning has to be distributed wisely among all entities in such a scheme and the inter-entity communication protocol has to be carefully *** more complex DQNs come to the fore,the overall complexity of these multi-entity systems has increased many folds leading to issues like difficulty in training,need for high resources,more training time,and difficulty in fine-tuning leading to performance *** a cue from the parallel processing found in the nature and its efficacy,we propose a lightweight ensemble based approach for solving the core RL *** uses multiple binary action DQNs having shared state and *** benefits of the proposed approach are overall simplicity,faster convergence and better performance compared to conventional DQN based *** approach can potentially be extended to any type of DQN by forming its *** extensive experimentation,promising results are obtained using the proposed ensemble approach on OpenAI Gym tasks,and Atari 2600 games as compared to recent *** proposed approach gives a stateof-the-art score of 500 on the Cartpole-v1 task,259.2 on the LunarLander-v2 task,and state-of-the-art results on four out of five Atari 2600 games.

关键词： Deep Q-networks ensemble learning reinforcement learning OpenAI Gym environments

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Intelligent traffic prediction system using hybrid convolutional neural networks for smart cities

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-19页

作者： J, Jeba Sonia G, Arun Kumar kumar, ERajesh Raju, K. Narasimha Sudha, V. Kshirsagar, Pravin R. Tirth, Vineet Rajaram, A. Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JSS Academy of Technical Education Uttar Pradesh Noida201301 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram522302 India Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam530048 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sona College of Technology Tamil Nadu Salem636005 India Department of Electronics & amp Telecommunication Engineering J D College of Engineering & ampManagement Maharashtra Nagpur India Mechanical Engineering Department Centre for Engineering and Technology Innovations College of Engineering King Khalid University Asir Abha61421 Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering EGS Pillay Engineering College Nagapattinam India

Intelligent Traffic Management systems (ITMS) play a crucial role in advancing smart city applications by addressing the rapid increase in road traffic due to the growing number of vehicles. Effective real-time traffic prediction is essential to avoid congestion, yet existing systems often struggle with high delays and insufficient accuracy. This paper introduces an innovative ITMS based on a Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network (HCNN) to overcome these challenges. The proposed system integrates numerous smart devices, including smart vehicles, with an edge computing framework where the HCNN model is deployed. The HCNN combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to enhance prediction accuracy and reduce latency. Experimental results demonstrate that the HCNN model achieves up to 95% prediction accuracy while reducing delays by up to 50% compared to conventional methods. These improvements are significant for smart city applications, ensuring timely and precise traffic management. The study validates the effectiveness of the HCNN model in improving traffic prediction and proposes its potential for broader smart city implementation. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Preliminary Design of Rapid Response AED Delivery Unmanned Aerial System

Preliminary Design of Rapid Response AED Delivery Unmanned A...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management, IEEM 2024

作者： Dziewoński, B. Kaliszuk, K. Kierzkowski, A. Kisiel, T. Kucharski, M. Milewski, M. Napora, Jacek Department of Technical Systems Operation and Maintenance Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wroclaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386097

The aim of the article is to present the adopted concept for the construction of an unmanned aircraft delivering a defibrillator to save people with sudden cardiac arrest. The concept is based on an unmanned aircraft in a VTOL flying wing system, achieving a cruising speed of at least 160 km/h. Previous scientific work and commercial solutions in this application are mainly based on classic multi-rotor or VTOL designs but moving at lower speeds. The aim of the work is to build a new structure adapted to the mission of providing a defibrillator for people suffering from cardiac arrest. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Defibrillators

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Understanding the Impact of Unexpected Cobot Movements on Human Stress Levels: A Time Series Classification Task

Understanding the Impact of Unexpected Cobot Movements on Hu...

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2024 Workshop on Embracing Human-Aware AI in Industry 5.0, HAII5.0 2024

作者： Shilon, Lior Shevtsov, Vladyslav Schillreff, Nadia Rother, Anne Mark, Shlomo Spiliopoulou, Myra Department of Software Engineering Sami Shamoon College of Engineering Ashdod Israel Faculty of Computer Science Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Germany

This study investigates the impact of unexpected stimuli on participants’ stress levels during human-robot interactions (HRI). We designed an experiment, where a cobot performs writing tasks, as well as some unexpected actions, intended to surprise the human observer. During this experiment, we are continuously monitoring physiological responses through Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors. Our goal was to capture the relationship between surprising actions by the cobot and indicators of change in the human stress levels. We employed time series classification techniques, namely ROCKET, Shapelet Transform and WEASEL, along with Support Vector Machine (SVM) analysis on temporal segments. This approach enabled us to develop a binary classification model on stress levels. Our research contributes to the design of AI systems that can detect changes in the stress levels of humans who interact with cobots that perform unexpected actions. Thus, we work towards the improvement of safety protocols in HRI. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Collaborative robots

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Enhancing Cybersecurity in IIoT Smart Grids: Leveraging HGAMPO for PMU Data Manipulation Detection

Enhancing Cybersecurity in IIoT Smart Grids: Leveraging HGAM...

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2024 International Conference on Knowledge engineering and Communication systems, ICKECS 2024

作者： Janani, B. Keerthana, S.D. Subathra, S. Subiksha, N. K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tiruchengode637 215 India Sri Sai Ram Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Chennai600044 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359688

The integration of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technology into smart grid systems has resulted in unprecedented advantages in terms of effectiveness and dependability. Nevertheless, this interconnectivity also brings about fresh cybersecurity obstacles, specifically with the identification and prevention of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data manipulation threats. Efficient feature selection is vital in improving the robustness of IIoT smart grids against such attacks. The Hybrid Green Anaconda and Marine Predictor Optimization (HGAMPO) algorithm is a promising strategy for choosing significant features in the detection of manipulation in PMU data. This paper presents a comprehensive examination of PMU data manipulation attacks, emphasises the significance of feature selection, and introduces the HGAMPO algorithm. HGAMPO is a revolutionary approach that combines the Green Anaconda Optimization Algorithm (GAOA) and Marine Predictor Optimization (MPO) to optimise feature subsets. It draws inspiration from nature to provide an innovative solution. The effectiveness of HGAMPO in IIoT smart grid contexts is proved through real-world examples and compared with older approaches. The evaluation metrics and experimental results clearly demonstrate the exceptional performance of HGAMPO in detecting attacks that manipulate PMU data. This article provides an overview of upcoming study areas and the possible influence of HGAMPO on cybersecurity in IIoT smart grids. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Smart power grids

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Enhancing Skin Cancer Detection Through Automated Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks 1

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7th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Optimization, ICO 2023

作者： Hossain, Md Jakir Bhuiyan, M. D. Wahidul Islam Raisa, Sadia Afrin Tomal, Minhazul Amin Jennifer, Sanjeda Sara Reza, Ahmed Wasif Siddique, Nazmul Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Ulster University Londonderry United Kingdom

ISBN: (数字)9783031733185

ISBN: (纸本)9783031733178

Skin cancer presents a significant public health concern, necessitating early detection and intervention to mitigate life-threatening consequences. Despite its prevalence, skin cancer is not always given the attention it deserves. In this paper, we propose an automated procedure for distinguishing skin cancers using several neural network algorithms. We used the MobileNet architecture whose accuracy is not very high and this is why we have also used other algorithms such as Sequential CNN (Convolution Neural Network), VGG16, and Xception to improve the accuracy of our model. By comparing these algorithms, we found that the Sequential CNN performed best with an accuracy of 94%. The proposed model utilizes the Sequential CNN algorithm to achieve a high level of accuracy, which is of utmost importance for the early detection of skin cancer. The high accuracy of the proposed model makes it a promising tool for detecting skin cancer early. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Lung cancer

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