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Wideband Circularly-Polarized Hexagonal SIW Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna With Enhanced Bandwidth and Compact Design

IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 80407-80415页

作者： Sarani, Vahid Mousa Ali, Esraa Shariatifar, Milad Virdee, Bal S. Mariyanayagam, Dion Rashid, Nasr Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad Dalarsson, Mariana Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Electrical Engineering Department Mashhad*** Iran Al-Ahliyya Amman University Communications and Computer Engineering Department Amman19111 Jordan University of Rome "Tor Vergata " Electronics Engineering Department Rome00133 Italy London Metropolitan University Center for Communications Technology LondonN7 8DB United Kingdom Jouf University College of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Al Jowf Sakaka72388 Saudi Arabia Al-Azhar University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Nasr City Cairo11884 Egypt Dogus University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Istanbul Umraniye34775 Turkey KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stockholm100 44 Sweden

This paper presents a novel wideband circularly polarized (CP) cavity-backed slot antenna based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology, designed for compact and high-efficiency performance. The proposed antenna utilizes a hexagonal SIW cavity to simultaneously excite two closely spaced resonant modes (TM110 and TM210), resulting in enhanced bandwidth for linear polarization (LP). To achieve circular polarization, a passive, single-layer linear-to-circular polarization converter is integrated above the cavity, offering a structurally simple and PCB-compatible solution. Unlike conventional CP designs that rely on complex feeding networks or multilayered structures, this configuration maintains a planar profile and efficient performance. A fabricated prototype demonstrates strong agreement between simulation and measurement, achieving a peak gain of 9.2 dBic and a 14% axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. These results highlight the antenna’s suitability for modern wireless systems requiring wideband CP functionality, including satellite communications, 5G modules, and compact embedded devices. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Circular polarization

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Liberated Arabic Handwritten Text Recognition using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

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Iraqi Journal for computer science and Mathematics 2025年第2期6卷 72-81页

作者： AlRababah, Ahmad AbdulQadir Aljahdali, Mohammed Khalid Al jahdali, Abdulrahim Abdulhamid AlGhanmi, Mohammed Saleh Al Barazanchi, Israa Ibraheem Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Saudi Arabia College of Engineering University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa Karbala Iraq

Arabic script is exhibited in a cursive style, which is a departure from the norm in many common languages, and the shapes of letters are contingent on their positions within words. The form of the first letter is influenced by the subsequent letter, middle letters are shaped by both preceding and succeeding letters, and the shape of the final letter is determined by the preceding letter. Additionally, certain letters are found to have strikingly similar shapes, making Arabic text recognition a formidable challenge in computer vision. The challenge of detecting and recognizing Arabic handwritten text is addressed in this paper by proposing a novel system that integrates two Deep Learning models without the constraints of a predefined dictionary or language model. Object Detection techniques are employed in the first model to accurately identify lines, words, and punctuation marks, providing a robust foundation for text recognition. In the second model, a powerful recognition system is developed, trained on the IFN/ENIT dataset to predict character sequences from handwritten text images. The architecture is comprised of a convolutional neural network (CNN) with residual connections, followed by a Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) layer, and culminates in a fully connected layer. State-of-the-art results in unconstrained Arabic text recognition tasks are achieved by this approach. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Real-Time Testing of Microgrid Control Algorithms: Development of Experimental Setup 29

Real-Time Testing of Microgrid Control Algorithms: Developme...

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29th International Conference on Information Technology, IT 2025

作者： Forcan, Miodrag Dobrić, Goran Abed, Amir Žarković, Mileta Ikić, Marko Forcan, Jovana Barragán-Villarejo, Manuel Maza-Ortega, José María De Paula Garcia-López, Francisco University of East Sarajevo Faculty of Electrical Engineering East Sarajevo71123 Bosnia and Herzegovina University of Belgrade School of Electrical Engineering Belgrade11120 Serbia University of East Sarajevo Faculty of Philosophy Department of Computer Science and Systems East Sarajevo71420 Bosnia and Herzegovina University of Sevilla Department of Electrical Engineering Seville41004 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517649

This paper provides an overview of microgrid control strategies, examining differences between centralized and decentralized approaches, and focusing on classical hierarchical control schemes as well as the structure of three-layer microgrid control systems. It also explores Hardware-in-the-Loop modeling, a crucial approach for microgrid simulation, with particular emphasis on devices supporting microgrid modeling. The paper primarily focuses on the design and implementation requirements of an experimental setup for real-time testing of microgrid control algorithms. The setup incorporates Hardware-in-the-Loop device, a power amplifier, a power converter, a battery energy storage system, and a digital controller. It is specifically designed to handle both power and information (control) signals, facilitating a comprehensive approach to evaluating and validating microgrid control strategies in real-world conditions. A detailed analysis of the setup elements and their interactions is also provided. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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Weak and Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Alter the Growth Rates of HT-1080 Fibrosarcoma

Weak and Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Alter the G...

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2025 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio science Meeting, USNC-URSI NRSM 2025

作者： Dang, Nhat Keller, Jason Bajtos, Marek Gurhan, Hakki Barnes, Frank Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO United States Department of Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Zilina Zilina Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9781946815200

This study presents experimental results showing that weak, extremely low frequency electromagnetic (EM) fields influence the growth rates of HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells in vitro and offers a theoretical explanation for these effects. The results demonstrate that weak magnetic fields both increase and decrease the growth rates of fibrosarcoma cells by altering the mitochondrial superoxide (O2-) and calcium ions (Ca2+) concentrations in living cells. Over a 4-day exposure period, fibrosarcoma growth rates were modulated in the presence of low-level alternating current (AC) magnetic fields at a 10 μT amplitude at 13.5 Hz to 30 Hz frequency, superimposed on a 45 μT static background field. Effects due to changes in amplitude from 10 to 30 μT at selected frequencies are also investigated with the same superimposed static field. © 2025 USNC-URSI.

关键词： Electromagnetic field effects

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Tree search hyper-heuristic with application to combinatorial optimization

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Journal of Heuristics 2025年第2期31卷 1-42页

作者： Gil-Gala, Francisco Javier Ɖurasevic, Marko Sierra, Maria R. Varela, Ramiro Department of Computer Science University of Oviedo Gijón 33213 Spain Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Zagreb 10000 Croatia

In this study, we investigate using the state space search paradigm to construct heuristics in the form of Priority Rules for combinatorial optimisation problems. This is an alternative to Genetic Programming (GP) and other hyper–heuristics, which represent the most common approach currently used. To do that, we define the problem of designing heuristics as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem and then exploit Any-Time Depth-First Search to solve it. To limit the effective size of the search space, we introduced a set of powerful pruning mechanisms, some embedded into the problem definition as constraints, while others by means of constraint propagation procedures. To further reduce the search space, we propose a heuristic procedure that allows the algorithm to discard some non-promising PRs, at low computational cost. The proposed approach, termed Systematic Search and Heuristic Evaluation (SSHE), was evaluated on two hard combinatorial optimisation problems, namely the One Machine Scheduling Problem with time-varying capacity (denoted by (1,Cap(t)||∑Tj)) and the classic Travelling Salesman Problem. The results of the experimental study show that SSHE is quite competitive with GP in building PRs;in particular, the PRs obtained by SSHE and GP showcase similar performance, but the ones produced by SSHE have generally lower size and so better readability than the PRs produced by GP. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Heuristic search Hyper–heuristics One machine scheduling problem Priority rules Travelling salesman problem

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Design and Development of a Fixed-Wing Tail-Sitter Tethered VTOL Drone with Custom Autopilot and Robust Control Techniques 16th

Design and Development of a Fixed-Wing Tail-Sitter Tether...

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16th APCA International Conference on Automatic Control and Soft Computing, CONTROLO 2024

作者： Safaee, Ahmad Aguiar, A. Pedro Santos, Filipe Neves Moreira, Antonio Paulo SYSTEC-ARISE Research Center for Systems and Technologies Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto4200-465 Portugal INESC-TEC-Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science CRIIS-Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems Porto4200-465 Portugal INESC-TEC-Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering and DEEC/FEUP - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto Porto4200-465 Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031817236

The need for aerial platforms capable of sustained operation is critical in fields such as surveillance, agricultural monitoring, disaster response, and temporary telecommunication systems. Traditional unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are hampered by limited battery capacity and inefficient energy utilization. This paper introduces an autonomous vertical flight drone tethered to a ground-based platform, which overcomes these limitations. The drone is designed to optimize its position and energy usage by harnessing wind currents, functioning similarly to a kite when conditions permit. This is enabled by a custom-designed autopilot system comprising both hardware and software tailored for this application. We detail the model identification process for three vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) drone systems, employing authentic data that measures lateral positional errors from the tether. Robust mixed sensitivity controllers are developed and implemented. The effectiveness of these controllers is validated through simulations showing their capability to handle uncertainties. Furthermore, the practical application and robust performance of the system are confirmed by a real-world case study, highlighting its potential in real operational environments. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： VTOL/STOL aircraft

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A new nano-scale authentication architecture for improving the security of human-computer interaction systems based on quantum computing

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Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 2025年第1期124卷 1-15页

作者： Ahmadpour, Seyed-Sajad Zohaib, Muhammad Navimipour, Nima Jafari Misra, Neeraj Kumar Rasmi, Hadi Salahov, Huseyn Avval, Danial Bakhshayeshi Navin, Ahmad Habibizad Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Turkiye Istanbul Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan School of Electronics Engineering VIT-AP University Andhra Pradesh Amaravathi522237 India Department of Computer Engineering Dezful Branch Islamic Azad University Dezful Iran Department of Information Systems Engineering Sakarya University Türkiye Sakarya Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz*** Iran Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Laboratory School of Computing Gachon University Seongnam Korea Republic of

Human-computer Interaction (HCI) is an interdisciplinary area of study focusing on the interaction of users and computers by scheming interactive computer interfaces. In addition, HCI systems need security to confirm user authentication, which is a crucial issue in these systems. Hence, user authentication is vital, allowing only authorized users to access data. Authentication is critical to the digital world since it provides security and safety for digital data. Moreover, a digital signature is an authentication method to confirm the accuracy and reliability of digital documents or communications. In addition, designing the circuit based on the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology can affect the security and safety of digital data due to the excessive heat dissipation of circuits. On the other hand, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) and reversible logic as alternative technologies to CMOS address these problems. Since QCA and reversible logic circuits have minimal energy dissipation, which is considered nearly zero, approaching these technologies proves extremely difficult for any hacker. This work presents an effective structure for the authenticator and human-computer interaction using QCA and IBM quantum computing with Qiskit simulations. The proposed structure has outperformed current circuits in terms of area, cell count, and latency. The paper demonstrates the QCA reversible logic layout of the proposed HCI authenticator and integrates IBM quantum computing simulations using Qiskit for validation. The implementation and testing of results are performed utilizing QCADesigner-2.0.3 and Qiskit simulation tools. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed design are validated through simulation-derived comparison values, and energy dissipation simulations prove that the suggested circuit dissipates minimal energy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Qubits

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So Far Yet So Near: Time Series Data Augmentation with Exploring non-Semantic Boundaries based on Reinforcement Learning

So Far Yet So Near: Time Series Data Augmentation with Explo...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Li, Haoran Zhang, Zhibo Kang, Jiarong Jiang, Xun Gong, Xiaoli Zhang, Jin Sun, Zhe Cichocki, Andrzej College of Computer Science Nankai University Tianjin China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Health Data Science Juntendo University Japan Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Science Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Data augmentation effectively expands feature distribution in time series classification, enhancing downstream task performance. However, existing techniques often fail to maintain semantic consistency between augmented and original time series data, causing label noise and thereby degrading downstream task performance. We argue that data augmentation should preserve time series semantic consistency and expand the non-semantic information space. In this paper, we reformulate data augmentation as a semantic path planning problem between original data and augmented data, modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). We propose a reinforcement learning-based algorithm (RL) named FreqSYN, where the action space is defined by a set of learnable Gaussian kernels that perturbs the frequency domain of the original data to generate augmented samples. The confidence coefficients of augmented data in semantically relevant classification tasks are used as a reward to iteratively refine the FreqSYN. Our method is validated across four datasets, achieving state-of-the-art performance, with a 2% improvement in F1 score over the SimPSI method. The code and models are available at https://***/NKU-EmbeddedSystem/FreqSYN. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Data argumentation frequency domain augmentation Gaussian kernel prediction time series

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A Social Robot Companion for Individuals Eating Alone 25

A Social Robot Companion for Individuals Eating Alone

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30th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces Companion, IUI 2025

作者： Soufargi, Selim Niewiadomski, Radoslaw Fong, Hunter Mancini, Maurizio Department of Computer Science Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genoa Genoa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798400714092

In this paper, we present the first implementation of a social robot acting as a companion for individuals eating alone. Our system can engage in multimodal interactions with the user during meals. It conducts conversations on various topics, complemented by gestures and other nonverbal behaviors. The system comprises a NAO robot, human activity recognition modules, a speech recognition module, and a dialog management system integrated with an LLM model. In the paper, we present a technical description of the system and the interaction flow, as well as discuss the possible applications and planned validation. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Social robots

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Grape Guard:A YOLO-based mobile application for detecting grape leaf diseases

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Journal of Electronic science and Technology 2025年第1期23卷 60-75页

作者： Sajib Bin Mamun Israt Jahan Payel Md.Taimur Ahad Anthony S.Atkins Bo Song Yan Li Department of Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh Department of Computer Science University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba4350Australia Faculty of Digital TechnologyInnovationand BusinessStaffordshire UniversityStoke-on-TrentST42DEUnited Kingdom School of Engineering University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba4350Australia School of Mathematics Physics and ComputingUniversity of Southern QueenslandToowoomba4350Australia

Grape crops are a great source of income for *** yield and quality of grapes can be improved by preventing and treating *** farmer’s yield will be dramatically impacted if diseases are found on grape *** detection can reduce the chances of leaf diseases affecting other healthy *** studies have been conducted to detect grape leaf diseases,but most fail to engage with end users and integrate the model with real-time mobile *** study developed a mobile-based grape leaf disease detection(GLDD)application to identify infected leaves,Grape Guard,based on a TensorFlow Lite(TFLite)model generated from the You Only Look Once(YOLO)v8 model.A public grape leaf disease dataset containing four classes was used to train the *** results of this study were relied on the YOLO architecture,specifically YOLOv5 and *** extensive experiments with different image sizes,YOLOv8 performed better than ***8 achieved 99.9%precision,100%recall,99.5%mean average precision(mAP),and 88%mAP50-95 for all classes to detect grape leaf *** Grape Guard android mobile application can accurately detect the grape leaf disease by capturing images from grape vines.

关键词： Bacterial diseases Grape Guard Mobile-based application YOLOv5 YOLOv8

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