A new design method, which is referred to as the matched design method, for concatenated trellis-coded modulation (TCM) is presented. Most of the conventional concatenated TCM employs TCM designed to maximize the mini...
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A new design method, which is referred to as the matched design method, for concatenated trellis-coded modulation (TCM) is presented. Most of the conventional concatenated TCM employs TCM designed to maximize the minimum squared Euclidean free distance, d(free)(2). With the matched design method, we maximize d(1)(2)(t) instead of d(free)(2), where d(1)(2)(t) is the effective minimum squared Euclidean distance (MSED) when the outer code has a t-error correcting capability. The effective MSED is derived from the Euclidean/Hamming (E/H) joint weight distribution of terminated TCM. We here assume the concatenated TCM whose transmitted symbol corresponds to a symbol of outer code. The new classes of 2-dimensional(2D) and 4-dimensional(4D) codes are found by a computer search. Under the performance measures of the effective MSED or the effective multiplicity, these codes are superior to the conventional codes such as the Ungerboeck's 2D-codes when those are used as an inner code. We disclose an interesting fact that the new class of codes using rate-1/2 encoder is superior to the class of codes using rate-2/3 encoder. This fact implies that the codes using rate-1/2 encoder have two advantages: 1) better overall decoding performance and 2) less decoding complexity.
In 1979 Fukushima developed a hierarchical, multilayered neural network called Neocognitron and used it for the automatic recognition of handwritten Japanese symbols. We combined the Neocognitron classifier with a spe...
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The main goal of recommendation systems is to offer items to a particular user based on some factors, such as users' interests and preferences, thus allowing for more efficient information access. This paper descr...
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The detection and tracking of changes in the progression of GI disease using endoscopic video analysis remains difficult due to temporal changes and image complexity. Proper models of prediction are critical in diagno...
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This research study has applied facial recognition techniques using the angle detection algorithm. Also, a fast angle detection algorithm has been used here, but modified it by applying a shielding technique to create...
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The rapidly aging society in Japan has resulted in an increased demand for electric wheelchairs to enhance the mobility of elderly persons. However, the increased use of electric wheelchairs means an increase in the n...
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Background Hand ge stur e interfaces are dedicated programs that principally perform hand tracking and hand gesture prediction to provide alternative controls and interaction *** take advantage of one of the most natu...
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Background Hand ge stur e interfaces are dedicated programs that principally perform hand tracking and hand gesture prediction to provide alternative controls and interaction *** take advantage of one of the most natural ways of interaction and communication,proposing novel input and showing great potential in the field of the human-computer *** a flexible and rich hand gesture interface is known to be a time-consuming and arduous *** published studies have demonstrated the significance of the finite-state-machine(FSM)approach when mapping detected gestures to GUI *** In our hand gesture interface,we broadened the FSM approach by utilizing gesture-specific attributes,such as distance between hands,distance from the camera,and time of occurrences,to enable users to perform unique GUI *** attributes are obtained from hand gestures detected by the RealSense SDK employed in our hand gesture *** means of these gesture-specific attributes,users can activate static gestures and perform them as dynamic *** also provided supplementary features to enhance the efficiency,convenience,and user-friendliness of our hand gesture ***,we developed a complementary application for recording hand gestures by capturing hand keypoints in depth and color images to facilitate the generation of hand gesture *** We conducted a small-scale user survey with fifteen subjects to test and evaluate our hand gesture *** feedback obtained from the users indicates that our hand gesture interface is adequately facile and self-explanatory to *** addition,we received constructive feedback about minor flaws regarding the responsiveness of the *** We proposed a hand gesture interface along with key concepts to attain use r-friendlines s and effectiveness in the control of existing GUIs.
To evaluate performance of a large scale digital system, the system is modeled by stochastic timed petri nets (STPN) and performance index is estimated through iteration of a petri net simulation. When the performance...
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Detecting botnets in a network is crucial because bots impact numerous areas such as cyber security, finance, health care, law enforcement, and more. Botnets are becoming more sophisticated and dangerous day-by-day, a...
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In this paper, we consider a component exhibiting a continuous monotone degradation. The degradation process is random and modelled as a Gamma process. The maintenance policy is condition based and follows the control...
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