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Ruppert's Delaunay Triangulation Refinement Scheme for Optimal RSUs Placement in Vehicle to Infrastructure Communication Network

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China Communications 2023年第7期20卷 303-320页

作者： Selvakumari P Chinnasamy A Sree Rathna Lakshmi NVS Sheela D Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tagore Engineering CollegeChennai 600048India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of ComputingSRMIST kattankulathur CampusChennai 603203India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Department of ECE at Agni College of TechnologyChennai 603103India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATSChennai 600124India

Road Side Units(RSUs)are the essential component of vehicular communication for the objective of improving safety and mobility in the road *** are generally deployed at the roadside and more specifically at the intersections in order to collect traffic information from the vehicles and disseminate alarms and messages in emergency situations to the neighborhood vehicles cooperating with the ***,the development of a predominant RSUs placement algorithm for ensuring competent communication in VANETs is a challenging issue due to the hindrance of obstacles like water bodies,trees and *** this paper,Ruppert’s Delaunay Triangulation Refinement Scheme(RDTRS)for optimal RSUs placement is proposed for accurately estimating the optimal number of RSUs that has the possibility of enhancing the area of coverage during data *** RDTRS is proposed by considering the maximum number of factors such as global coverage,intersection popularity,vehicle density and obstacles present in the map for optimal RSUs placement,which is considered as the core improvement over the existing RSUs optimal placement *** is contributed for deploying requisite RSUs with essential transmission range for maximal coverage in the convex map such that each position of the map could be effectively covered by at least one RSU in the presence of *** simulation experiments of the proposed RDTRS are conducted with complex road traffic *** results of this proposed RDTRS confirmed its predominance in reducing the end-to-end delay by 21.32%,packet loss by 9.38%with improved packet delivery rate of 10.68%,compared to the benchmarked schemes.

关键词： road side units(RSUs) ruppert’s delau-nay triangulation refinement area of global coverage optimal RSUs placement

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Privacy preserving large language models: ChatGPT case study based vision and framework

IET Blockchain

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IET Blockchain 2024年第S1期4卷 706-724页

作者： Ullah, Imdad Hassan, Najm Gill, Sukhpal Singh Suleiman, Basem Ahanger, Tariq Ahamed Shah, Zawar Qadir, Junaid Kanhere, Salil S. School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering The University of Sydney SydneyNSW Australia Higher Colleges of Technology Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom Management Information Systems Department College of Business Administration Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Sydney International School of Technology and Commerce SydneyNSW Australia Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Sydney Australia

The generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools based on Large Language Models (LLMs) use billions of parameters to extensively analyse large datasets and extract critical information such as context, specific details, identifying information, use this information in the training process, and generate responses for the requested queries. The extracted data also contain sensitive information, seriously threatening user privacy and reluctance to use such tools. This article proposes the conceptual model called PrivChatGPT, a privacy-preserving model for LLMs consisting of two main components, that is, preserving user privacy during the data curation/pre-processing and preserving private context and the private training process for large-scale data. To demonstrate the applicability of PrivChatGPT, it is shown how a private mechanism could be integrated into the existing model for training LLMs to protect user privacy;specifically, differential privacy and private training using Reinforcement Learning (RL) were employed. The privacy level probabilities are associated with the document contents, including the private contextual information, and with metadata, which is used to evaluate the disclosure probability loss for an individual's private information. The privacy loss is measured and the measure of uncertainty or randomness is evaluated using entropy once differential privacy is applied. It recursively evaluates the level of privacy guarantees and the uncertainty of public databases and resources during each update when new information is added for training purposes. To critically evaluate the use of differential privacy for private LLMs, other mechanisms were hypothetically compared such as Blockchain, private information retrieval, randomisation, obfuscation, anonymisation, and the use of Tor for various performance measures such as the model performance and accuracy, computational complexity, privacy vs. utility, training latency, vulnerability to attacks, and

关键词： Blockchain

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The Impact of Credits on Student Performance: A Case Study of Sri Lanka 13

The Impact of Credits on Student Performance: A Case Study o...

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13th IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference, ISEC 2023

作者： Kanchana, J.Dulangi Amarasinghe, Gayashan Nanayakkara, Vishaka Perera, Amal Shehan University of Moratuwa Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300017

A well-designed curriculum is essential to ensure that students can maintain a healthy academic life, whether at school, college, or university. Such a curriculum would help students balance their academic work and extracurricular activities effectively. This study used performance data of computer science students from a university to examine the impact of credit load on semester-wise academic performance. The data was subjected to feature engineering, and various machine learning algorithms, including decision trees, random forest, and support vector machines, were applied to the data to investigate the effect of credit load on students' performance (semester end Grade Point Average), considering the inclusion and exclusion of credit load per semester. The study revealed a weak correlation between credit load and semester-wise academic performance. This result may be attributed to the fact that students become accustomed to the heavy academic workload from their schooling years. Therefore, conducting a similar study using school students' data is recommended. Moreover, it is advisable to balance the academic workload so that there is little or no difference in the number of credits registered per semester. This way, students can engage in other activities while also maintaining their academic performance levels. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Statistical Testing & TOPSIS Analysis of Acute Sinusitis Interventions

Statistical Testing & TOPSIS Analysis of Acute Sinusitis Int...

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2024 Asia Pacific Conference on Innovation in Technology, APCIT 2024

作者： Pisal, Tejas Kumar, Hemant Kumar, Praveen Gote, Pradanyawant Faculty of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science & Design Wardha Maharashtra Sawangi442001 India Faculty of Engineering & Technology Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities Wardha Maharashtra Sawangi442001 India Faculty of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science & Medical Engineering Wardha Maharashtra Sawangi442001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361537

Acute sinusitis, often occurring as a consequence of recovering from a cold, presents a significant health concern due to its impact on the interconnected hollow spaces located behind the cheekbones, forehead, and nose. These sinus passages play a crucial role in the respiratory process by facilitating the smooth flow of air towards the lungs. Given the discomfort and potential complications associated with acute sinusitis, there is a pressing need for effective pharmaceutical interventions. This paper embarks on a comprehensive analysis of such interventions, leveraging real-world data subjected to rigorous examination through the Kruskal-Wallis statistical testing and the TOPSIS decision-making method. Our study is dedicated to discerning the most effective drug for acute sinusitis, considering a spectrum of factors including efficacy, ease of use, user satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness. By synthesizing empirical evidence and statistical analyses, we aim to provide valuable insights that can inform clinical decision-making and optimize patient care in the management of acute sinusitis. This research holds promise in guiding healthcare providers towards evidence-based prescribing practices, enhancing treatment outcomes, and ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from acute sinusitis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Decision making

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OntoMG: a unique and ontological-based intelligent framework for early identification of myasthenia gravis (MG)

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第6期16卷 3847-3853页

作者： Mahajan, Prerna Agarwal, Trapty Vekariya, Daxa Gupta, Rajesh Malviya, Ashwini Anandaraj, S.P. Jain, Garima Anand, D. Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Jain (Deemed to Be University) Bengaluru India Maharishi School of Engineering and Technology Maharishi University of Information Technology Lucknow India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Parul University Gujarat Vadodara India Department of Management Sanskriti University UP Mathura India Department of UGDX ATLAS SkillTech University Mumbai India Department of Computer Science Engineering Presidency University Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Business Systems (CBS) Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology Uttar Pradesh Greater Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram India

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disease causing extreme muscular fatigue, triggering problems with vision, swallowing, speech, mobility, dexterity, and breathing. However, early detection and prediction of MG is a crucial and quite challenging task for medical practitioners. So, in our proposed work, we are focused on introducing an ontology-based intelligent system for the prognosis of patients affected by this neuromuscular disease. The given paper presents a novel framework that employs the concepts of ontology, semantic web rules, and reasoner for deriving whether the patient is tested positive or negative. The suggested framework's effectiveness is assessed by comparing it to machine learning classifiers using parameters from the NIH repository for Myasthenia Gravis. The experimental results show that the ontological-based framework is able to achieve higher accuracy (80.85%), higher precision (78.37%), and higher recall (76.55%) than the existing classifiers used in the recent studies. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Machine learning (ML) Myasthenia gravis disease Ontology Reasoners Semantic web rules language (SWRL)

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A learning artificial visual system for motion direction detection

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第27期36卷 17181-17197页

作者： Chen, Tianqi Kobayashi, Yuki Todo, Yuki Tang, Zheng Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kanazawa University Kakuma Ishikawa Kanazawa9201162 Japan Department of Intelligence Information Systems University of Toyama Toyama9308555 Japan

Research on the visual system and its development is not only crucial for understanding how we see and interpret the environment from basic visual processing to complex perception but also aids in the development of technologies like virtual reality, augmented reality, and computer vision. In our previous paper, we have proposed a novel biological motion direction detection mechanism. Based on this mechanism, the authors of this paper proposed a learning artificial visual system (AVS) and use it to achieve motion direction detection. The learning AVS consists of two layers: the local visual feature detective neuron layer and the global feature detective neuron layer. For local motion direction detection, we use dendritic neurons to implement local motion direction-detective neurons and use them to extract local motion direction information. Global feature detective neurons are simply implemented by summing the local motion direction-detective neurons in each direction of possible motion. We trained the learning AVS by eliminating unnecessary branches or synapses and keeping only those that are strongly connected to the function of motion direction detection. computer simulations demonstrate that AVS can learn the correct motion direction of objects with different shapes, size and positions. We compare the performance of AVS with support vector machine (SVM) and traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs)—LeNet-5 and EfficientNet-B0 (EfN)—in motion direction detection and find that our learning AVS has better recognition accuracy, noise immunity and less demands on size of dataset and learning costs. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Neurons

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Development of Dementia Care Training System Using AR and Large Language Model

Development of Dementia Care Training System Using AR and La...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Miyawaki, Tomoya Nishiura, Yuuki Fukuda, Ryouta Nakashima, Kazuto Kurazume, Ryo Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Japan Kyushu University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Japan Kyushu University Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

We have developed HEARTS, a dementia care training system using augmented reality based on Humanitude. Humanitude is a multimodal comprehensive care technique for dementia, and has attracted attention as a method to reduce the burden on both caregivers and patients. However, the HEARTS developed so far could not evaluate 'speaking' skills based on the content of conversations among 'seeing,' 'touching,' and 'speaking,' all of which are fundamental skills in Humanitude. Therefore, we attempted a new quantitative evaluation of trainees' 'speaking' skills by estimating the emotional value of conversational content using GPT-4 named HEARTS 5. A survey of caregivers was conducted using the developed system and was well received by the participants. We also developed a HEARTS 5 conversational version based on HEARTS 5, with the addition of GPT-4 conversation generation and Azure Text-to-Speech. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Augmented reality

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The Role of Throughput Accounting in Making Decision in Small Batch Production Environment 4th

The Role of Throughput Accounting in Making Decision in Smal...

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4th International Conference on Intelligent systems in Production engineering and Maintenance, ISPEM 2023

作者： Więcek, Dorota Plinta, Dariusz Radwan, Katarzyna Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Production Engineering University of Bielsko-Biala Bielsko-Biala Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031442810

There are many challenges facing organizations. A complex and dynamic environment requires constant change and improvement of activities and reconfiguration of processes carried out in organizations. Market requirements and customer expectations force companies to seek for and apply ever new techniques and solutions. The aim of this article is to present the concept of Throughput Accounting in a production system operating under small batch production conditions as a support for decision-making. This paper also compares the results of using three different costing systems in a resource-constrained manufacturing environment. In contrast to traditional methods that focus on cost reduction, Throughput Accounting is a profit-focused method of achieving goals, based on maximizing throughput. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Cost reduction

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Enhancing resilience in complex energy systems through real-time anomaly detection: a systematic literature review

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Energy Informatics 2024年第1期7卷 96页

作者： Aghazadeh Ardebili, Ali Hasidi, Oussama Bendaouia, Ahmed Khalil, Adem Khalil, Sabri Luceri, Dalila Longo, Antonella Abdelwahed, El Hassan Qassimi, Sara Ficarella, Antonio Department of Engineering for Innovation University of Salento Lecce Italy Bologna Italy Computer Science Department Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh Morocco Computer Science Department Faculty of Science and Technology Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh Morocco Department of Research and Development HSPI SpA-Roma Rome Italy Department of Embedded Systems and Artificial Intelligence MAScIR UM6P Rabat Morocco

As real-time data sources expand, the need for detecting anomalies in streaming data becomes increasingly critical for cutting edge data-driven applications. Real-time anomaly detection faces various challenges, requiring automated systems that adapt continuously to evolving data patterns due to the impracticality of human intervention. This study focuses on energy systems (ES), critical infrastructures vulnerable to disruptions from natural disasters, cyber attacks, equipment failures, or human errors, leading to power outages, financial losses, and risks to other sectors. Early anomaly detection ensures energy supply continuity, minimizing disruption impacts, an enhancing system resilience against cyber threats. A systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted to answer 5 essential research questions in anomaly detection due to the lack of standardized knowledge and the rapid evolution of emerging technologies replacing conventional methods. A detailed review of selected literature, extracting insights and synthesizing results has been conducted in order to explore anomaly types that can be detected using Machine Learning algorithms in the scope of Energy systems, the factors influencing this detection success, the deployment algorithms and security measurement to take in to consideration. This paper provides a comprehensive review and listing of advanced machine learning models, methods to enhance detection performance, methodologies, tools, and enabling technologies for real-time implementation. Furthermore, the study outlines future research directions to improve anomaly detection in smart energy systems. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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A Novel Hybrid Architecture for Superior IoT Threat Detection through Real IoT Environments

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 2299-2316页

作者： Bassam Mohammad Elzaghmouri Yosef Hasan Fayez Jbara Said Elaiwat Nisreen Innab Ahmed Abdelgader Fadol Osman Mohammed Awad Mohammed Ataelfadiel Farah H.Zawaideh Mouiad Fadeil Alawneh Asef Al-Khateeb Marwan Abu-Zanona Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyJerash UniversityJerash26150Jordan Computer Engineering Department College of Engineering&Information Technology Buraydah CollegesBuraydah51418Saudi Arabia Faculty of Architecture and Design Al-Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman11733Jordan Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityDiriyahRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Applied College King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Business Intelligence and Data Analysis Faculty of Financial Sciences and BusinessIrbid National UniversityIrbid21110Jordan Faculty of Information Technology Ajloun National UniversityAjlun26810Jordan Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia

As the Internet of Things(IoT)continues to expand,incorporating a vast array of devices into a digital ecosystem also increases the risk of cyber threats,necessitating robust defense *** paper presents an innovative hybrid deep learning architecture that excels at detecting IoT threats in real-world *** proposed model combines Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN),Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(BLSTM),Gated Recurrent Units(GRU),and Attention mechanisms into a cohesive *** integrated structure aims to enhance the detection and classification of complex cyber threats while accommodating the operational constraints of diverse IoT *** evaluated our model using the RT-IoT2022 dataset,which includes various devices,standard operations,and simulated *** research’s significance lies in the comprehensive evaluation metrics,including Cohen Kappa and Matthews Correlation Coefficient(MCC),which underscore the model’s reliability and predictive *** model surpassed traditional machine learning algorithms and the state-of-the-art,achieving over 99.6%precision,recall,F1-score,False Positive Rate(FPR),Detection Time,and accuracy,effectively identifying specific threats such as Message Queuing Telemetry Transport(MQTT)Publish,Denial of Service Synchronize network packet crafting tool(DOS SYN Hping),and Network Mapper Operating System Detection(NMAP OS DETECTION).The experimental analysis reveals a significant improvement over existing detection systems,significantly enhancing IoT security *** our experimental analysis,we have demonstrated a remarkable enhancement in comparison to existing detection systems,which significantly strength-ens the security standards of *** model effectively addresses the need for advanced,dependable,and adaptable security solutions,serving as a symbol of the power of deep learning in strengthening IoT ecosystems amidst the constantly evolving cyber threat *** achievemen

关键词： A hybrid deep learning model IoT threat detection real IoT environments cybersecurity attention mechanism

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