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Multimodal Dependence Attention and Large-Scale Data Based Offline Handwritten Formula Recognition

Journal of computer science & technology 2024年第3期39卷 654-670页

作者：刘汉超董兰芳张信明 School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230022China CCF IEEE

Offline handwritten formula recognition is a challenging task due to the variety of handwritten symbols and two-dimensional formula ***,the deep neural network recognizers based on the encoder-decoder frame-work have achieved great improvements on this ***,the unsatisfactory recognition performance for formulas with long LTeX strings is one shortcoming of the existing ***,lacking sufficient training data also limits the capability of these *** this paper,we design a multimodal dependence attention(MDA)module to help the model learn visual and semantic dependencies among symbols in the same formula to improve the recognition perfor-mance of the formulas with long LTeX *** alleviate overfitting and further improve the recognition performance,we also propose a new dataset,Handwritten Formula Image Dataset(HFID),which contains 25620 handwritten formula images collected from real *** conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed MDA module and HFID dataset and achieve state-of-the-art performances,63.79%and 65.24%expression accuracy on CROHME 2014 and CROHME 2016,respectively.

关键词： handwritten formula recognition multimodal dependence attention semantic dependence visual dependence Handwritten Formula Image Dataset

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Optimizing B^(+)-tree for hybrid memory with in-node hotspot cache and eADR awareness

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第5期18卷 133-145页

作者： Peiquan JIN Zhaole CHU Gaocong LIU Yongping LUO Shouhong WAN School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

he advance in Non-Volatile Memory(NVM)has changed the traditional *** to DRAM,NVM has the advantages of nonvolatility and large ***,as the read/write speed of NVM is still lower than that of DRAM,building DRAM/NVM-based hybrid memory systems is a feasible way of adding NVM into the current computer *** paper aims to optimize the well-known B^(+)-tree for hybrid *** novelty of this study is ***,we observed that the space utilization of internal nodes in B^(+)-tree is generally below 70%.Inspired by this observation,we propose to maintain hot keys in the free space within internal nodes,yielding a new index named HATree(Hotness-Aware Tree).The new idea of HATree is to use the unused space of the parent of leaf nodes(PLNs)as the hotspot data ***,no extra space is needed,and the in-node hotspot cache can efficiently improve query ***,to further improve the update performance of HATree,we propose to utilize the eADR technology supported by the third-generation Intel Xeon Scalable Processors to enhance HATree with instant log persistence,which results in the new HATree-Log *** conduct extensive experiments on real hybrid memory architecture involving DRAM and Intel Optane Persistent Memory to evaluate the performance of HATree and *** state-of-the-art indices for hybrid memory,namely NBTree,LBTree,and FPTree,are included in the experiments,and the results suggest the efficiency of HATree and HATree-Log.

关键词： hybrid memory B^(+)-tree hotspot in-node cache eADR

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Modelling and Optimizing Motherboard Functional Testing in Laptop Manufacturing

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年第6期37卷 2406-2423页

作者： BAI Peng KANG Yu WANG Kangcheng ZHAO Yunbo DONG Shaojie Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Automation&Institute of Advanced Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230088China Institute of Advanced Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Functional testing is key to fulfill quality control in laptop manufacturing and is of great economic ***,due to the unavailability of practical data,mathematical model and systematic perspective,it has barely been touched from the academic community to *** the first time,this work provides technical understanding of the key principles of functional testing,mathematically models the general framework,elucidates existing testing strategy under the proposed framework and model,and finally proposes a specified optimization strategy which outperforms existing *** work lays the model foundation for the further optimization of functional testing,and can be regarded as a good example of how a systematic approach can solve practical industrial challenges.

关键词： Laptop manufacturing modelling motherboard functional testing optimization

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Solving Quantum Many-Particle Models with Graph Attention Network

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第3期41卷 7-14页

作者：于启航林子敬 Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Deep learning methods have been shown to be effective in representing ground-state wavefunctions of quantum many-body systems,however the existing approaches cannot be easily used for non-square like or large *** propose a variational ansatz based on the graph attention network(GAT)which learns distributed latent representations and can be used on non-square lattices.

关键词： representing variational quantum

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CsPbI_(2)Br epitaxial shell for efficient PbS quantum dot solar cells

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Nano Research 2024年第12期17卷 10302-10308页

作者： Sami Ur Rahman Yong-Hui Song Zhen-Yu Ma Xiao-Lin Tai Bai-Sheng Zhu Yi-Chen Yin Li-Zhe Feng Jing-Ming Hao Guan-Jie Ding Kuang-Hui Song Ya-Lan Hu Tieqiang Li Jixian Xu Hong-Bin Yao Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Lead sulfide quantum dots(PbS QDs)are promising candidates for high-performance solar cells due to their tunable bandgaps and low-cost solution ***,low carrier mobility and numerous surface defects restrict the performance of the fabricated solar ***,we report the synthesis of novel PbS-perovskite core-shell QDs to solve the low carrier mobility problem of PbS QDs via a facile hot injection ***_(2)Br shell enabled strain-free epitaxial growth on the surface of PbS QDs because of 98%lattice *** results demonstrate a significant improvement in the photoluminescence and stability of the synthesized PbS-CsPbI_(2)Br QDs upon shell formation,attributed to the effective suppression of surface defects by the epitaxial shell of CsPbI_(2)*** a result,the obtained solar cell based on PbS-CsPbI_(2)Br core-shell QD exhibits a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 8.43%,two times higher than that of pristine PbS ***,the construction of PbS-CsPbI_(2)Br core-shell structures represent a promising strategy for advancing the performance of PbS QDs-based optoelectronic devices.

关键词： lead chalcogenide perovskites core-shell epitaxial growth solar cell

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A program logic for obstruction-freedom

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第6期18卷 85-100页

作者： Zhao-Hui LI Xin-Yu FENG School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Though obstruction-free progress property is weaker than other non-blocking properties including lock-freedom and wait-freedom,it has advantages that have led to the use of obstruction-free implementations for software transactional memory(STM)and in anonymous and fault-tolerant distributed ***,existing work can only verify obstruction-freedom of specific data structures(e.g.,STM and list-based algorithms).In this paper,to fill this gap,we propose a program logic that can formally verify obstruction-freedom of practical implementations,as well as verify linearizability,a safety property,at the same *** also propose informal principles to extend a logic for verifying linearizability to verifying *** this approach,the existing proof for linearizability can be reused directly to construct the proof for both linearizability and ***,we have successfully applied our logic to verifying a practical obstruction-free double-ended queue implementation in the first classic paper that has proposed the definition of obstruction-freedom.

关键词： verification program logic progress properties obstruction-freedom concurrent objects

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Study on the Radiation Synthesis Mechanism and the Electrochemical Property of Polyaniline

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2025年第2期43卷 328-340页

作者： Shuo Yan Zi-Fang Guo Zhi-Qing Ge Bao-Ying Zhang Ya-Ru Zhang Yi-Shao Li Mo-Zhen Wang Xue-Wu Ge State Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

As a highly promising conductive polymer material,the synthesis method,structure regulation,and performance improvement of polyaniline(PANI)are hot research *** this work,the radiation-induced polymerization of aniline in HNO_(3)solution was successfully achieved at room temperature without the use of chemical *** the analysis of the radiation chemical reactions of inorganic acids and nitrate salt solutions,the characterization of the intermediate free radicals in the irradiated systems,and the influence of the pH of the solutions on the polymerization activity and product morphologies,the radiation-induced polymerization mechanism of aniline is discussed in detail and *** at a condition of[HNO_(3)]>[aniline],i.e.,pH<2.5,PANI can be successfully obtained underγ-ray *** polymerization begins with the oxidation of aniline cations to aniline cation radicals by·NO_(3)generated by radiolysis reactions,and undergoes repeated three steps of monomer free radical recombination,deprotonation,and oxidation reaction of·NO_(3),thus forming a PANI *** addition to the polymerization reaction,the aniline units are protonated and oxidized because of the strongly acidity and oxidation of the reaction system under γ-ray irradiation,which means that the molecular chain structure of the radiation-synthesized PANI can be regulated by pH,nitrate concentration,and irradiation ***-synthesized PANI has a moderate protonation and oxidation state,which can be used for the preparation of PANI supercapacitors with better electrochemical properties than those prepared by chemical oxidation under the same *** work presents a new radiation-synthesis method and polymerization mechanism of PANI,which not only expands the application of radiation technique in the field of polymer synthesis,but also provides a new idea for the structural regulation and electrochemical property optimization of PANI.

关键词： Aniline Radiation-induced polymerization Polyaniline Electrochemical property

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One-dimensional photonic crystal enhancing spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion for single-particle tracking

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2767-2780页

作者： Mingchuan Huang Qiankun Chen Yang Liu Chi Zhang Rongjin Zhang Junhua Yuan Douguo Zhang Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province Department of Optics and Optical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina

Single-particle tracking(SPT)is an immensely valuable technique for studying a variety of processes in the life sciences and *** can help researchers better understand the positions,paths,and interactions of single objects in systems that are highly dynamic or require imaging over an extended ***,we propose an all-dielectric onedimensional photonic crystal(1D PC)that enhances spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion for threedimensional(3D)*** well-designed 1D PC can work as a substrate for optical *** introduce this effect into the interferometric scattering(iSCAT)technique,resulting in a double-helix point spread function(DH-PSF).DH-PSF provides more uniform Fisher information for 3D position estimation than the PSFs of conventional microscopy,such as encoding the axial position of a single particle in the angular orientation of DH-PSF lobes,thus providing a means for 3D *** approach can address the challenge of iSCAT in 3D SPT because DH-PSF iSCAT will not experience multiple contrast inversions when a single particle travels along the axial ***-PSF iSCAT microscopy was used to record the 3D trajectory of a single microbead attached to the flagellum,facilitating precise analysis of fluctuations in motor *** ability to track single nanoparticles,such as 3D diffusion trajectories of 20 nm gold nanoparticles in glycerol solution,was also *** DH-PSF iSCAT technique enabled by a 1D PC holds potential promise for future applications in physical,biological,and chemical science.

关键词： angular particle momentum

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Efficient synthesis of bottle-brush polymers enabled by selective photoactivation strategy in NIR-induced PET-RAFT polymerization

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science china Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2353-2361页

作者： Hao Zha Lin Cheng Zuowei Wang Chao Liu Chunyan Hong Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Bottle-brush polymers possessing densely grafted side chains have special properties that are distinct from linear ***,an efficient method for preparing bottle-brush polymers based on a selective photoactivation strategy in the photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(PET-RAFT)polymerization was developed.A methacrylate monomer 2-(2-(dodecylthiocarbonothioylthio)propionate)ethyl methacrylate(DTPEMA)containing a 2-(dodecylthiocarbonothioylthio)propionate(DTP)unit with a secondary R group was *** the unique selectivity of metal naphthalocyanine photocatalyst zinc 2,11,20,29-tetra-tert-butyl-2,3-naphthalocyanine(ZnTtBNc)toward trithiocarbonate with tertiary R group,the PET-RAFT polymerization of DTPEMA catalyzed by ZnTtBNc was performed under near infrared(NIR)light(λ_(max)=760 nm)irradiation at room temperature,using 4-cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)-sulfanyl]pentanoic acid(CDTPA)with a tertiary R group as a chain transfer agent(CTA).Proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR)and gel permeation chromatography(GPC)results demonstrated that the DTP units in the side chains were inert during the *** grafting poly(methyl acrylate)(PMA)from PDTPEMA via thermal-initiated RAFT polymerization,welldefined P(DTPEMA-g-PMA)bottle-brush polymers could be ***,the film prepared from the bottle-brush polymer exhibited excellent scratch self-healing property due to the interlocking of side chains.

关键词： bottle-brush polymers PET-RAFT polymerization selective photoactivation scratch self-healing

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Robust video question answering via contrastive cross-modality representation learning

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science china(Information sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 211-226页

作者： Xun YANG Jianming ZENG Dan GUO Shanshan WANG Jianfeng DONG Meng WANG School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Gongshang University

Video question answering(VideoQA) is a challenging yet important task that requires a joint understanding of low-level video content and high-level textual semantics. Despite the promising progress of existing efforts, recent studies revealed that current VideoQA models mostly tend to over-rely on the superficial correlations rooted in the dataset bias while overlooking the key video content, thus leading to unreliable results. Effectively understanding and modeling the temporal and semantic characteristics of a given video for robust VideoQA is crucial but, to our knowledge, has not been well investigated. To fill the research gap, we propose a robust VideoQA framework that can effectively model the cross-modality fusion and enforce the model to focus on the temporal and global content of videos when making a QA decision instead of exploiting the shortcuts in datasets. Specifically, we design a self-supervised contrastive learning objective to contrast the positive and negative pairs of multimodal input, where the fused representation of the original multimodal input is enforced to be closer to that of the intervened input based on video perturbation. We expect the fused representation to focus more on the global context of videos rather than some static keyframes. Moreover, we introduce an effective temporal order regularization to enforce the inherent sequential structure of videos for video representation. We also design a Kullback-Leibler divergence-based perturbation invariance regularization of the predicted answer distribution to improve the robustness of the model against temporal content perturbation of videos. Our method is model-agnostic and can be easily compatible with various VideoQA backbones. Extensive experimental results and analyses on several public datasets show the advantage of our method over the state-of-the-art methods in terms of both accuracy and robustness.

关键词： video question answering cross-modality fusion contrastive learning cross-media reasoning

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