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39th Annual North American Manufacturing Research Conference, NAMRC39

作者： Mane, Abhay Awad, Mahmoud Orady, Elsayed Knight, James College of Engineering and Computer Science AENG Program University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn MI United States Department of Industrial Engineering ALHOSN University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390578

Proper design of castings is essential to avoid casting defects that cannot be eliminated by design of tooling and process parameters. Shrinkage porosity is one of the defects which usually occur at casting junctions and cannot be easily eliminated. Currently, designers use rules that were established based on experience and intuition and are not supported by proper experimentation. In this paper an approach to design and optimize design of casting junctions using a database of mathematical models is presented. The mathematical models give relationships between porosity and the junctions' dimensional features. To illustrate this approach, a mathematical model for a V-junction has been developed using Design of Experiments (DoE) and regression analysis techniques. The experimental runs for the study are established using a D-optimality criterion and conducted using MAGMASoft, comprehensive software for casting simulation, for measuring porosity in casting junctions. The simulations carried out in MAGMASoft are validated by comparing its results with experimental results from previous studies. The mathematical model is then developed by applying regression analysis. The results of the model have been validated and found to agree with both the experimental and the validation simulation experiments.

关键词： Regression analysis

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Predicting topology survivability using path diversity

Predicting topology survivability using path diversity

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International Conference on Ultra Modern telecommunications and Workshops (ICUMT)

作者： Justin P. Rohrer James P.G. Sterbenz Information and Telecommunication Technology Center Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Kansas Lawrence KS USA

In this paper we extend our path diversity metric to create a composite compensated total graph diversity metric that is representative of a particular topology's survivability with respect to distributed simultaneous link and node failures. We tune the accuracy of this metric using 17 topologies, including 3 real fiber maps, 10 inferred logical maps, and 2 synthetic topologies having simulated their performance under a range of failure severities, and present the results. The topologies used are from national-scale backbone networks, with a variety of characteristics, which we characterize using standard graph-theoretic metrics. The end result is a compensated total graph diversity metric that accurately predicts the survivability of a given network topology.

关键词： Topology Network topology Robustness Measurement Resilience Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems

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Exploring provenance in high performance scientific computing

Exploring provenance in high performance scientific computin...

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1st Annual 2011 Workshop on High-Performance Computing Meets Databases, HPCDB'11, Co-located with Supercomputing, SC'11

作者： Gadelha Jr., Luiz M.R. Wilde, Michael Mattoso, Marta Foster, Ian Computer and Systems Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil National Laboratory for Scientific Computing Brazil Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory United States Computation Institute Argonne National Laboratory University of Chicago United States Department of Computer Science University of Chicago United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450311571

Large-scale scientific computations are often organized as a composition of many computational tasks linked through data flow. After the completion of a computational scientific experiment, a scientist has to analyze its outcome, for instance, by checking inputs and outputs of computational tasks that are part of the experiment. This analysis can be automated using provenance management systems that describe, for instance, the production and consumption relationships between data artifacts, such as files, and the computational tasks that compose the scientific application. In this article, we explore the relationship between high performance computing and provenance management systems, observing that storing provenance as structured data enriched with information about the runtime behavior of computational tasks in high performance computing environments can enable interesting and useful queries to correlate computational resource usage, scientific parameters, and data set derivation. We briefly describe how provenance of many-task scientific computations specified and coordinated by the Swift parallel scripting system is gathered and queried. © 2011 ACM.

关键词： Information management

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Hardware reuse in modern application-specific processors and accelerators

Hardware reuse in modern application-specific processors and...

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2011 14th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design: Architectures, Methods and Tools, DSD 2011

作者： Nery, Alexandre S. Jozwiak, Lech Lindwer, Menno Cocco, Mauro Nedjah, Nadia França, Felipe M.G. LAM - Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Laboratory Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program COPPE Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Electronics Engineering and Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering - Electronic Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Silicon Hive - Intel UMG Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780769544946

Effective exploitation of the application-specific parallel patterns and computation operations through their direct implementation in hardware is the base for construction of high-quality application-specific (re-) configurable application specific instruction set processors (ASIPs) and hardware accelerators for modern highly-demanding applications. Although it receives a lot of attention from the researchers and practitioners, a very important problem of hardware reuse in ASIP and accelerator synthesis is clearly underestimated and does not get enough attention in the published research. This paper is an effect of an industry and academic collaborative research. It analyses the problem of hardware sharing, shows its high practical relevance, as well as a big influence of hardware sharing on the major circuit and system parameters, and its importance for the multi-objective optimization and tradeoff exploitation. It also demonstrates that the state-of-the-art synthesis tools do not sufficiently address this problem and gives several guidelines related to enhancement of the hardware reuse. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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A Radial Basis Function Spike Model for Indirect Learning via Integrate-and-Fire Sampling and Reconstruction Techniques

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Advances in Artificial Neural Systems 2012年第1期2012卷

作者： X. Zhang G. Foderaro C. Henriquez A. M. J. VanDongen S. Ferrari Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control (LISC) Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Program in Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore

This paper presents a deterministic and adaptive spike model derived from radial basis functions and a leaky integrate-and-fire sampler developed for training spiking neural networks without direct weight manipulation. Several algorithms have been proposed for training spiking neural networks through biologically-plausible learning mechanisms, such as spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity and Hebbian plasticity. These algorithms typically rely on the ability to update the synaptic strengths, or weights, directly, through a weight update rule in which the weight increment can be decided and implemented based on the training equations. However, in several potential applications of adaptive spiking neural networks, including neuroprosthetic devices and CMOS/memristor nanoscale neuromorphic chips, the weights cannot be manipulated directly and, instead, tend to change over time by virtue of the pre- and postsynaptic neural activity. This paper presents an indirect learning method that induces changes in the synaptic weights by modulating spike-timing-dependent plasticity by means of controlled input spike trains. In place of the weights, the algorithm manipulates the input spike trains used to stimulate the input neurons by determining a sequence of spike timings that minimize a desired objective function and, indirectly, induce the desired synaptic plasticity in the network.

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Digital library 2.0 for educational resources

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Lecture Notes in computer science

作者： Akbar, Monika Fan, Weiguo Shaffer, Clifford A. Chen, Yinlin Cassel, Lillian Delcambre, Lois Garcia, Daniel D. Hislop, Gregory W. Shipman, Frank Furuta, Richard Carpenter II, B. Stephen Hsieh, Haowei Siegfried, Bob Fox, Edward A. Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA United States Department of Computing Sciences Villanova University Villanova PA United States Department of Computer Science Portland State University Portland OR United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science UC Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Department of Computer Science Drexel University Philadelphia PA United States Department of Computer Science Texas A and M College Station TX United States Art Education Program Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States School of Library and Information Science Univ. of Iowa Iowa City IA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642244681

We report on focus group feedback regarding the services provided by existing education-related Digital Libraries (DL). Participants provided insight into how they seek educational resources online, and what they perceive to be the shortcomings of existing educational DLs. Along with useful content, social interactions were viewed as important supplements for educational DLs. Such interactions lead to both an online community and new forms of content such as reviews and ratings. Based on our analysis of the focus group feedback, we propose DL 2.0, the next generation of digital library, which integrates social knowledge with DL content. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Digital libraries

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Enhanced detection of cardiovascular biomarker proteins: A detailed study of nanoconfinement in nanoporous membrane

Enhanced detection of cardiovascular biomarker proteins: A d...

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2011 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Brandigampala, Savindra Feikert, Paige Vattipalli, Krishna Prasad, Shalini Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount St Wichita KS 67260 United States Bio-Engineering Program College of Engineering Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount St Wichita KS 67260 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781627482004

The goal of this work is to understand the role of nano-confinement in designing an inexpensive and user friendly 'point- of- care' (POC) protein biosensor. We used printed circuit board based gold chips and integrated them with nanoporous alumina membranes in generating high density arrays of nano scale confined spaces. We initially tested the role of a nanomembrane in achieving signal enhancement through size based confinement of proteins. As a later part of the experiment, we studied the role of pore size on achieving signal enhancement by using membranes of two different pore sizes of 100 and 200 nm. It is critical that ultralow detection of biomolecules be achieved as they have significant impact in designing diagnostics platforms for early disease diagnosis. Commercially available nano-porous membranes made out of anodized alumina were evaluated for their role in nano-confinement and enhancing sensitivity of detection. In this biosensor configuration sandwich assay, an electrical double layer is formed between a test protein (C-reactive protein) and the gold surface underneath the porous membrane. Using electrical impedance spectroscopy, the capacitance/impedance changes in the electrical double layer, was analyzed which translated to identifying the sensitivity and the linear dose response of the sensor for two specific conditions (a) with nano confinement and (b) for varying size of confined spaces. © 2012 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Proteins

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Dimensioning and site planning of integrated PON and wireless cooperative networks for fixed mobile convergence

Dimensioning and site planning of integrated PON and wireles...

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作者： Lin, Bin Tapolcai, János Ho, Pin-Han Department of Information Science and Technology Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China Department of Telecommunication and Media Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest 1117 Hungary Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

Integrating optical and wireless broadband access networks is an important step in achieving fixed mobile convergence in metropolitan areas. In this paper, a promising network architecture by integrating a passive optical network and a wireless cooperative network is investigated, in which intercell cooperative transmission is incorporated. Our goal is to exploit both economic and performance benefits. To achieve a cost-effective deployment and meet long-term performance requirements, this paper addresses the issue of dimensioning and site planning (DSP). We provide a complete formulation to capture the challenges behind network deployment. A number of long-term design subjects are jointly considered in a unified optimization framework, including infrastructure placement, base station user allocation, and resource breakdown assignment. To reduce the computation complexity, the DSP problem is decomposed into two subproblems. An approach is further developed to reformulate the problem into a solvable mixed integer linear program. Moreover, we conduct case studies to validate the formulation, in which performance gains are demonstrated in terms of total infrastructure cost reduction, spectral efficiency improvement, and scalability in capacity enhancement. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Passive optical networks

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Report on the AAAI 2010 robot exhibition

Report on the AAAI 2010 robot exhibition

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作者： Anderson, Monica D. Chernova, Sonia Dodds, Zachary Thomaz, Andrea L. Touretzky, David S. Computer Science Department University of Alabama United States Robotics Engineering Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute United States Department of Computer Science Harvey Mudd College United States School of Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of Technology United States Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition Carnegie Mellon University United States

The 19th robotics program at the annual AAAI conference was held in Atlanta, Georgia, in July 2010. In this article we give a summary of three components of the exhibition: the Small-Scale Manipulation Challenge: Robotic Chess;the Learning by Demonstration Challenge;and the Education Track. In each section we detail the challenge task. We also describe the participating teams, highlight the research questions they tackled, and briefly describe the systems they demonstrated. Copyright © 2011, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Exhibitions

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The experimental determination of the onset of electrical and thermal conductivity percolation thresholds in carbon nanotube-polymer composites

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期1312卷 1-6页

作者： Byung-wook Kim Steven Pfeifer Sung-Hoon Park R. Bandaru Prabhakar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego USA Materials Science Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California San Diego USA

We show evidence of electrical and thermal conductivity percolation in polymer based carbon nanotube (CNT) composites, which follow power law variations with respect to the CNT concentrations in the matrix. The experimentally obtained percolation thresholds, i.e., ~ 0.074 vol % for single walled CNTs and ~ 2.0 vol % for multi-walled CNTs, were found to be aspect ratio dependent and in accordance with those determined theoretically from excluded volume percolation theory. A much greater enhancement, over 10 orders of magnitude, was obtained in the electrical conductivity at the percolation threshold, while a smaller increase of ~ 100 % was obtained in the thermal conductivity values. Such a difference is qualitatively explained on the basis of the respective conductivity contrast between the CNT filler and the polymer matrix.

关键词： composite electrical properties thermal conductivity

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