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Two-Timescale Hierarchical Contract for Joint Computation Offloading and Energy Management in Edge Computing System

IEEE Transactions on Network Science and engineering 2025年第3期12卷 1745-1760页

作者： Yan, Min Wang, Li Xu, Lianming Hou, Luyang Han, Zhu Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science National Pilot Software Engineering School Beijing100876 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Electronic Engineering Beijing100876 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

To mitigate the rising energy costs in edge computing, edge servers (ESs) can receive revenues from reducing their energy usage by contracting with virtual power plant (VPP). ESs also respond to user equipment (UE) by providing computation offloading services. However, such two-layer coordinated trading of computation offloading and energy management in a VPP-ES-UE architecture should address the information asymmetry issue and uncertain task arrivals, posing challenges to maximizing the stakeholders' utility. In this paper, we formulate the two-layer coordinated trading as a hierarchical contracting problem, which addresses the information asymmetry using two contract models. We design a VPP-ES energy contract on a large timescale and an ES-UE computation contract on a small timescale, where ESs need to coordinate the future task arrivals under the energy reduction target assigned by VPP. We construct a two-timescale virtual queue to achieve the energy reduction goal by the long-term queue stability constraint and employ Lyapunov optimization to transform the original problem into an online optimization problem without requiring future information. An online two-timescale hierarchical contract optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the transformed problem. The simulation results demonstrate that our method achieves higher social welfare compared to other benchmarks. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Computation offloading

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第5期6卷 1360-1372页

作者： Wang, Shuyue Liu, Zhunga Zhang, Zuowei Bennamoun, Mohammed Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Automation Shaanxi Xi’an710072 China The University of Western Australia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering PerthWA6009 Australia

Multimodal domain adaptation (MMDA) aims to transfer knowledge across different domains that contain multimodal data. Current methods typically assume that both the source and target domains have paired multimodal data with the same modalities, allowing for direct knowledge transfer between corresponding types of data. However, in certain applications, the source domain benefits from advanced sensors and equipment, capturing more modalities than those available in the target domain. As a result, the information from the source modalities may not strongly align with that of the target modalities. This weak correlation hinders the effective utilization of all source data for the target domain. To address this challenge, we propose a weakly correlated multimodal domain adaptation (WCMMDA) method for pattern classification. WCMMDA is designed to acquire the modality-independent and category-related knowledge from the source domain, enabling the full utilization of available source modalities for effective knowledge transfer. Specifically, modality-invariant features are first extracted from the multimodal data to bridge the heterogeneity gap within each domain. Subsequently, domain-invariant features are further learned from these modality-invariant features to align the feature distributions across the source and target domains. A source-specific classifier is employed here, which predicts pseudo-labels for the target data and enables the feature extractor to explore category-related information in source features. Finally, a target-specific classifier is trained using the pseudolabeled target data, where highly reliable pseudolabels are selected based on confidence to improve classification performance. Extensive experiments are performed on the real-world multimodal datasets to demonstrate the superiority of WCMMDA. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Labeled data

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PDC-ViT: source camera identification using pixel difference convolution and vision transformer

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第9期37卷 6933-6949页

作者： Elharrouss, Omar Akbari, Younes Almadeed, Noor Al-Maadeed, Somaya Khelifi, Fouad Bouridane, Ahmed Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science and Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Northumbria University Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Source camera identification has emerged as a vital solution to unlock incidents involving critical cases like terrorism, violence, and other criminal activities. The ability to trace the origin of an image/video can aid law enforcement agencies in gathering evidence and constructing the timeline of events. Moreover, identifying the owner of a certain device narrows down the area of search in a criminal investigation where smartphone devices are involved. This paper proposes a new pixel-based method for source camera identification, integrating Pixel Difference Convolution (PDC) with a Vision Transformer network (ViT), and named PDC-ViT. While the PDC acts as the backbone for feature extraction by exploiting Angular PDC (APDC) and Radial PDC (RPDC). These techniques enhance the capability to capture subtle variations in pixel information, which are crucial for distinguishing between different source cameras. The second part of the methodology focuses on classification, which is based on a Vision Transformer network. Unlike traditional methods that utilize image patches directly for training the classification network, the proposed approach uniquely inputs PDC features into the Vision Transformer network. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the PDC-ViT approach, it has been assessed on five different datasets, which include various image contents and video scenes. The method has also been compared with state-of-the-art source camera identification methods. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed system in terms of accuracy and robustness when compared to its competitors. For example, our proposed PDC-ViT has achieved an accuracy of 94.30%, 84%, 94.22% and 92.29% using the Vision dataset, Daxing dataset, Socrates dataset and QUFVD dataset, respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolution

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Weakly Supervised Intracranial Hemorrhage Segmentation with YOLO and an Uncertainty Rectified Segment Anything Model 4th

Weakly Supervised Intracranial Hemorrhage Segmentation with...

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4th International Workshop on Imaging and Treatment Challenges, SWITCH 2024, and 6th International Challenge on Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation Challenge, ISLES 2024, Held in Conjunction with Medical Image Computing and computer Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2024

作者： Spiegler, Pascal Rasoulian, Amirhossein Xiao, Yiming Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada NeuroRx Research Montreal Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031811005

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a life-threatening condition that requires rapid and accurate diagnosis to improve treatment outcomes and patient survival rates. Recent advancements in supervised deep learning have greatly improved the analysis of medical images, but often rely on extensive datasets with high-quality annotations, which are costly, time-consuming, and require medical expertise to prepare. To mitigate the need for large amounts of expert-prepared segmentation data, we have developed a novel weakly supervised ICH segmentation method that utilizes the YOLO object detection model and an uncertainty-rectified Segment Anything Model (SAM). In addition, we have proposed a novel point prompt generator for this model to further improve segmentation results with YOLO-predicted bounding box prompts. Our approach achieved a high accuracy of 0.933 and an AUC of 0.796 in ICH detection, along with a mean Dice score of 0.629 for ICH segmentation, outperforming existing weakly supervised and popular supervised (UNet and Swin-UNETR) approaches. Overall, the proposed method provides a robust and accurate alternative to the more commonly used supervised techniques for ICH quantification without requiring refined segmentation ground truths during model training. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Utilizing Evidential Reasoning (ER) Approach for software Components Selection

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SN computer Science 2025年第3期6卷 1-13页

作者： Ahmad, Nabot Al-Qerem, Ahmad Omar, Firas Jebreen, Issam Department of Software Engineering Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan Amman Jordan Computer Science Department Zarqa University Zarqa Jordan Business Intelligence Department Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan Amman Jordan Software Engineering Department Middle East University Amman Lebanon

software component selection is one of the most challenging problems for software developers to meet customer needs. Despite various methods researchers propose to aid in component selection, a gap exists in addressing the complexities of decision-making under uncertainty. This study utilizes the Evidential Reasoning (ER) approach, which effectively handles multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) scenarios to evaluate software components for an online bookstore. The methodology involves assessing quality attributes using the ER approach incorporating evaluation grades, weights, and belief degrees to manage information uncertainty. The results demonstrate that the ER approach provides a robust framework for software component selection leading to informed decisions. This approach offers significant advantages in scenarios where traditional MCDM methods are insufficient, thereby enhancing the reliability of component selection in software engineering. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Decision making Evidential reasoning Multi-criteria software component

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Performance Analysis of Machine Learning Based On Optimized Feature Selection for Type II Diabetes Mellitus

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4945-4964页

作者： Bhat, Salliah Shafi Ansari, Gufran Ahmad Ansari, Mohd Dilshad B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Chennai48 India Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Hail Hail55424 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science & Engineering SRM University Delhi-NCR Harayana Sonepat131029 India

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic illness caused by variations in the secretion of insulin. T2DM will be treated early with the help of an early diagnosis reducing the risk of early death and controlling is course of illness. In this Paper Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA) for T2DM diagnosis are proposed. The major objective of this research is to assess use of MLA and its methods to forecast different illnesses at an initial stage. In this research, we examine most recent proposed strategies with some limitations and potential improvements for future work. The data is collected from Kaggle (University of California) *. Researchers highlight how important is to identify important features that enhance outcomes suggested by recent methods. Six MLA were used in this paper such as Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF) and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) were applied in Jupiter Notebook. Feature sets are selected using three feature selection methodologies such as information gain-based selection, correlation-based selection and sequential feature selection. On these feature subsets a variety of MLA are applied and optimal feature subset is chosen based on their performance. Finally a DT is suggested as the top model among the top six performances. The suggested method provides an improved performance label with an average accuracy of 96.10%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Feature Selection

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UEFL: Universal and Efficient Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第10期12卷 14333-14347页

作者： Li, Zhiqiang Bao, Haiyong Pan, Hao Guan, Menghong Huang, Cheng Dai, Hong-Ning East China Normal University Software Engineering Institute Shanghai200062 China Fudan University School of Computer Science Shanghai200438 China Hong Kong Baptist University Department of Computer Science Hong Kong

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning framework that allows for model training across multiple clients without requiring access to their local data. However, FL poses some risks, for example, curious clients might conduct inference attacks (e.g., membership inference attacks, model-inversion attacks) to extract sensitive information from other participants. Existing solutions typically fail to strike a good balance between performance and privacy, or are only applicable to specific FL scenarios. To address these challenges, we propose a universal and efficient privacy-preserving FL framework based on matrix theory. Specifically, we design the Improved Extended Hill Cryptosystem (IEHC), which efficiently encrypts model parameters while supporting the secure ReLU function. To accommodate different training tasks, we design the Secure Loss Function Computation (SLFC) protocol, which computes derivatives of various loss functions while maintaining data privacy of both client and server. And we implement SLFC specifically for three classic loss functions, including MSE, Cross Entropy, and L1. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our approach robustly defends against various inference attacks. Furthermore, model training experiments conducted in various FL scenarios indicate that our method shows significant advantages across most metrics. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Enhancing intra-aural disease classification with attention-based deep learning models

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第9期37卷 6601-6616页

作者： Demircan, Furkancan Ekinci, Murat Cömert, Zafer Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Samsun University 19 Mayıs Samsun Turkey Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Karadeniz Technical University Trabzon Ortahisar Turkey Department of Technical Sciences of the Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan

Ear diseases are defined as pathological conditions that indicate dysfunction or abnormal function of the ear organ, which is part of the auditory system of living organisms that regulates hearing and balance functions. These diseases usually manifest as conditions that affect the internal components of the ear structure and can manifest themselves with symptoms such as hearing loss, ear pain, balance problems, and fluid accumulation in the ear. The accuracy of the diagnosis depends on expert knowledge and subjective opinion. This method is prone to human error. This study presents a novel computer-aided diagnosis system for otoscope images of ear diseases, utilizing a vision transformer-based feature extractor combined with machine learning classifiers to provide accurate second opinions for ENT specialists. For this purpose, a new model based on state-of-the-art vision transformer feature extractor and machine learning models is proposed. In the experimental study, the dataset, comprising 880 eardrum images categorized into four classes (CSOM, earwax, myringosclerosis, and normal), was split into training (70%), validation (10%), and testing (20%) subsets. Each image was preprocessed to 420 × 380 pixels to fit the input dimensions of the models. The vision transformer architecture was utilized for feature extraction, followed by classification using various machine learning algorithms including kNN, SVM, and random forest. As a result, the model using vision transformer feature extractor and k-nearest neighbors (kNN) algorithm achieved 99.00% accuracy. In this study, a deep learning-based and computer-aided diagnosis system, in other words, a computational model, was developed instead of the current human error-prone disease diagnosis method used by ear nose throat (ENT) specialists. The main purpose of the deep learning-based decision support system is to support the diagnosis process where expert knowledge is difficult to access and to provide an alternative opi

关键词： Deep learning

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Optimizing auditory brainstem response detection through NSGA-II guided feature selection

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第15期37卷 8925-8943页

作者： Majidpour, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Hiwa Khezri, Edris Arabi, Hossein Department of Software Engineering University of Raparin Kurdistan Region Rania Iraq Department of Computer Science University of Raparin Kurdistan Region Rania Iraq Department of Computer Engineering Islamic Azad University Boukan Branch Boukan Iran Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Medical Imaging Geneva University Hospital Geneva1211 Switzerland

Hearing-impaired people undergo auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing to assess their peripheral auditory nerve system. Audiologists apply diagnostic labels to ABR data using reference-based indicators such as peak latency, waveform shape, amplitude, and others. ABR test scoring errors may invalidate auditory nerve system integrity results. Machine learning, especially deep learning, may reduce human error in ABR analysis. This work offers a complete methodology to handle ABR analysis problems. First, extract ABR test images from PDF reports to create a dataset. The next step uses Elastic Distortion approach to create high-quality ABR images while conserving data. ResNet-50 deep learning extracts ABR image characteristics in the third phase. The fourth step finds the most relevant features using a trainable multi-objective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II optimizer. Finally, ABR images are classified using machine learning algorithms. The proposed model achieved significant performance metrics: an accuracy of 99.46%, precision of 99.33%, specificity of 99.57%, sensitivity of 99.57%, F1-score of 99.43%, and a mean squared error of 0.0054 when using a support vector machine classifier with both augmented and original images. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of trainable feature selection and high-quality ABR images in improving ABR analysis accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Mean square error

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Design and Modeling of a Photonic Crystal Multiplexer Using Artificial Intelligence

Advanced Electromagnetics

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Advanced Electromagnetics 2025年第1期14卷 59-64页

作者： Karami, Pouya Yahya, Salah I. Palash, Behnam Chaudhary, Muhammad Akmal Assaad, Maher Parandin, Fariborz Roshani, Saeed Hazzazi, Fawwaz Roshani, Sobhan Department of Electrical Engineering Kermanshah Branch Islamic Azad University Kermanshah Iran Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Erbil44001 Iraq Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering Koya University KOY45 Koya Iraq Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering and Information Technology Ajman University 346 Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj11492 Saudi Arabia

In this paper, design and modeling of an all-optical 2×1 multiplexer based on 2D photonic crystals and artificial neural networks (ANNs) are presented. The proposed structure aims to maximize the difference between the output powers in logical states, which is critical for enhancing the system ability to distinguish between these states. In this study, an ANN model is employed to accurately predict the normalized output power of the designed photonic crystal multiplexer, providing a time-efficient alternative to conventional simulation methods for analyzing multiplexer behavior across various logical states. The results demonstrate significant improvements in signal separation and overall performance compared to previous works. Additionally, a detailed comparison of the normalized output power for different logic states is provided, highlighting the advantages of the proposed design. © 2025, Advanced Electromagnetics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon photonics

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