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DSAA: Cross-modal transferable double sparse adversarial attacks from images to videos

Neurocomputing 2025年 639卷

作者： Han, Xueqiang Zhang, Shihui Wang, Houlin Tian, Qing School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan University Hebei Qinhuangdao China The Key Laboratory for Computer Virtual Technology and System Integration of Hebei Province Hebei Qinhuangdao China Department of Computer Science University of Alabama at Birmingham AL United States

Recent preliminary research has examined cross-modal attacks, enabling the transition of unlabeled attacks from images to videos. The current cross-modal attacks are mainly dense attacks, while sparse attacks have not been explored. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes a cross-modal transferable double sparse adversarial attack (DSAA) method. Specifically, DSAA incorporates both spatial sparsity and temporal sparsity. Firstly, we design a novel double-cross-shaped patch paradigm to achieve spatial sparsity. Leveraging this patch for perturbation addition enables a more effective global impact on video frames. Subsequently, we propose a uniform temporal sparsity strategy to achieve temporal sparsity. Even if only half of the frames are perturbed, the resulting average attack success rate remains comparable to that of perturbing all frames. Furthermore, we take into account the luminance, contrast, and structure of images and propose a structural similarity loss function (SSLF). By utilizing SSLF to measure the similarity of intermediate feature maps and incorporating it into perturbation optimization, DSAA achieves excellent attack performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate DSAA's superiority over state-of-the-art approaches in terms of attack success rate. The proposed DSAA uses video adversarial examples generated by four ImageNet-pretrained image models on Kinetics-400 and UCF-101 to attack six video recognition models, achieving average attack success rates of 85.83% and 82.02%, respectively. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Cross-modal attacks Spatial sparsity Temporal sparsity Unlabeled attacks Video adversarial examples

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A q-learning approach for enhanced routing in dynamic LEO satellite networks

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The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences 2025年第2期28卷 272-279页

作者： Ahmed E. Riyad Medhat Mokhtar Mohamed A. Belal Mahmoud Mohamed Bahloul Department of Information System El-Obour Institutes Egypt National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences Egypt Computer Science Faculty of Computing & Artificial Intelligence Helwan University 6 October Technology University Cairo Egypt Business Information Systems Business Information Systems Department Faculty of Commerce and Business Administration Helwan University Cairo Egypt

As global communication demand rises, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems offer high-speed data transmission and extensive coverage options but face routing challenges due to dynamic topologies. This paper introduces a Q-Learning-based routing approach that converts dynamic networks into virtually static topologies at different snapshot intervals. Simulation results on a 66-satellite Starlink constellation demonstrate that Q-Learning outperforms Dijkstra’s algorithm, achieving faster convergence and reduced latency. These findings highlight the potential for Q-Learning in enhancing efficient, cost-effective satellite communications.

关键词： Q-learning LEO satellite constellation Optical ISLs Machine learning Satellite routing algorithm Dijkstra algorithm

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DenseSplat: Densifying Gaussian Splatting SLAM with Neural Radiance Prior

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Mingrui Liu, Shuhong Deng, Tianchen Wang, Hongyu the Department of Computer Science Dalian University of Technology Dalian China the Department of Mechano-informatics Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Institute of Medical Robotics Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education China

Gaussian SLAM systems excel in real-time rendering and fine-grained reconstruction compared to NeRF-based systems. However, their reliance on extensive keyframes is impractical for deployment in real-world robotic systems, which typically operate under sparse-view conditions that can result in substantial holes in the map. To address these challenges, we introduce DenseSplat, the first SLAM system that effectively combines the advantages of NeRF and 3DGS. DenseSplat utilizes sparse keyframes and NeRF priors for initializing primitives that densely populate maps and seamlessly fill gaps. It also implements geometry-aware primitive sampling and pruning strategies to manage granularity and enhance rendering efficiency. Moreover, DenseSplat integrates loop closure and bundle adjustment, significantly enhancing frame-to-frame tracking accuracy. Extensive experiments on multiple large-scale datasets demonstrate that DenseSplat achieves superior performance in tracking and mapping compared to current state-of-the-art methods. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Real time systems

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A comparative study of the performance of ten metaheuristic algorithms for parameter estimation of solar photovoltaic models

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PeerJ computer Science 2025年 11卷 e2646-e2646页

作者： Zga, Adel Zitouni, Farouq Harous, Saad Sallam, Karam Almazyad, Abdulaziz S. Xiong, Guojiang Mohamed, Ali Wagdy Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology Kasdi Merbah University Ouargla Algeria Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Informatics University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Guizhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology in Power System College of Electrical Engineering Guizhou University Guiyang China Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research Cairo University Giza Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan

This study conducts a comparative analysis of the performance of ten novel and wellperforming metaheuristic algorithms for parameter estimation of solar photovoltaic models. This optimization problem involves accurately identifying parameters that reflect the complex and nonlinear behaviours of photovoltaic cells affected by changing environmental conditions and material inconsistencies. This estimation is challenging due to computational complexity and the risk of optimization errors, which can hinder reliable performance predictions. The algorithms evaluated include the Crayfish Optimization Algorithm, the Golf Optimization Algorithm, the Coati Optimization Algorithm, the Crested Porcupine Optimizer, the Growth Optimizer, the Artificial Protozoa Optimizer, the Secretary Bird Optimization Algorithm, the Mother Optimization Algorithm, the Election Optimizer Algorithm, and the Technical and Vocational Education and Training-Based Optimizer. These algorithms are applied to solve four well-established photovoltaic models: the singlediode model, the double-diode model, the triple-diode model, and different photovoltaic module models. The study focuses on key performance metrics such as execution time, number of function evaluations, and solution optimality. The results reveal significant differences in the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithms, with some algorithms demonstrating superior performance in specific models. The Friedman test was utilized to rank the performance of the various algorithms, revealing the Growth Optimizer as the top performer across all the considered models. This optimizer achieved a root mean square error of 9.8602187789E−04 for the single-diode model, 9.8248487610E−04 for both the double-diode and triplediode models and 1.2307306856E−02 for the photovoltaic module model. This consistent success indicates that the Growth Optimizer is a strong contender for future enhancements aimed at further boosting its efficiency and effectiveness. Its

关键词： Mean square error

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A Multi-Agent Garage Service Search and Recommendation with Hybrid MLs and LLMs

A Multi-Agent Garage Service Search and Recommendation with ...

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International Conference on computer, Electrical & Communication Engineering (ICCECE)

作者： Mahfuzur Rahman Shuvo Ashifur Rahman Vishwanath Akuthota Tanay Paul Mahfujul Islam Md Sadi Ashraf Prosenjit Roy Md Tanzim Reza Department of Management Information System International American University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Bangladesh TechOptima Hyderabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC University Bangladesh Department of Computer Science Prairie View A & M University Texas United States

ISBN: (数字)9798331513894

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513900

The automobile service industry’s explosive growth highlights the need for creative approaches to boost operational effectiveness and user experience. This study introduces a Hybrid Garage Assistance system, integrating Classical Machine Learning (ML) techniques with Generative AI to optimize garage service discovery and analysis. The system employs sophisticated data processing methods, including Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) vectorization and regex-based service detection, to extract actionable insights from unstructured garage *** to the system are machine learning models Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB) which achieve high precision and recall in classifying garage services. A hybrid search mechanism, combining cosine similarity with ML-driven predictions, ensures the delivery of highly personalized search results. To further refine decision-making, the system incorporates Generative AI models such as Perplexity for web-based research, Gemini for location-specific analysis, Mistral for email sending and GPT-4 for detailed service recommendations and dall-e for creating user specific parts images. These advanced tools provide users with comprehensive information that enables them to make well-informed decisions about garage *** evaluation of the system is conducted using robust metrics, including precision, recall, F1-score, and system latency. Experimental results reveal a precision of $\mathbf{8 5 \%}$, recall of $\mathbf{7 0 . 8 \%}$, and an F1-score of $\mathbf{7 7 . 2 \%}$, demonstrating the efficacy of integrating classical ML with generative AI. The system’s average latency of 5.9 seconds ensures a seamless and responsive user *** hybrid framework highlights the potential of blending classical ML and Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance search and recommendation functionalities, offering a scalable and robust blueprint for future advancements in the automotive service sector. The system’s Pro

关键词： Radio frequency Measurement Generative AI Navigation Scalability Hybrid power systems User experience Reliability Random forests Multi-agent systems

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A hybrid gazelle optimization and reptile search algorithm for optimal clustering in wireless sensor networks

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-33页

作者： Elashry, Soha S. Abohamama, A.S. Abdul-Kader, Hatem Mohamed Rashad, M.Z. Ali, Ahmed F. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Information System Faculty of Computers and Information Menofia University Shebien El Koum Egypt Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science Sinai University Kantara Egypt Department of Computer Science Arab East Colleges Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Informatics Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt

In our modern societies, the wireless sensor network (WSN) is categorized as a smart motivated technology that can be utilized in many work environments and activities to enhance daily life. However, several challenging concerns have been assigned to WSN. The clustering process is a main complex concern and still an open problem in WSN. To support an efficient clustering process, two crucial requirements must be considered, energy management and network lifetime extension, especially in the development of large-scale WSN. The primary objective of this article is to introduce a new meta-heuristic algorithm, denoted as the hybrid gazelle optimization and reptile search algorithm (HGORSA), which optimizes cluster head selection in WSNs. In the proposed algorithm, the mathematical models for the exploration and exploitation phases of the traditional gazelle optimization algorithm (GOA) are enhanced by integrating the hunting operator, reduction function, and predator cumulative effect operators from the traditional RSA. These modifications improve the balance between diversification and intensification processes, effectively addressing two key clustering requirements mentioned above. At the same time, they also positively impact the overall performance evaluation of the WSN. Various simulation scenarios are designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed HGORSA in different network configurations. First, the main experiment was conducted with 300 sensor nodes (SNs). The experimental results then analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm under different conditions against six state-of-the-art meta-heuristic algorithms. Based on simulation outputs, HGORSA demonstrated superior performance compared to particle swarm optimization, grey Wolf optimizer, sperm swarm optimization, chernobyl disaster optimizer, gazelle optimization algorithm and reptile search algorithm. Specifically, HGORSA achieved percentage improvements in terms of stability period

关键词： Clustering Energy consumption Gazelle Optimization Algorithm (GOA) Meta-heuristics Network lifetime Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA) Wireless sensor network (WSN)

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In-House Developed Graphene-Based Leaf Wetness Sensor with Enhanced Stability

IEEE Sensors Letters

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IEEE Sensors Letters 2025年

作者： Patle, Kamlesh Yogi, Pooja Maru, Devkaran Agrawal, Yash Palaparthy, Vinay S. Moez, Kambiz DAIICT System Design Lab Department of Information and Communication Technology Gandhinagar382007 India University of Alberta iCAS Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2V4 Canada

Prolonged leaf wetness is a critical factor influencing the development and spread of plant diseases, particularly fungal pathogens, which thrive in moist environments. These pathogens negatively impact crop health, photosynthesis, nutrient absorption, and agricultural productivity. Accurately measuring leaf wetness duration (LWD) is essential for early disease detection and mitigation strategies. Leaf wetness sensors (LWS) are designed to detect wetness on leaf surfaces. Traditional LWS, fabricated using printed circuit boards (PCBs), have been extensively studied and are commercially available, such as the PHYTOS-31. However, flexible LWS are preferred due to their ability to conform to the natural shape of leaves, improving accuracy, better contact resistance, and durability under field conditions. However, these sensors exhibited limitations such as electrode oxidation and peeling, reducing stability and wetness sensitivity over time. To overcome these challenges, this study investigates replacing conventional metal-based interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) with graphene-based IDEs, leveraging graphene's superior electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. The fabricated flexible graphene LWS has been evaluated for its sensitivity, response time, hysteresis, temperature response, and stability, which are about ≈26,000%, ≈ 35 seconds, ≈ 5%, ≈ 6.79%, and 5 months, respectively. Benchmarking against the commercially available PHYTOS-31 LWS demonstrated an absolute error of ±3%, confirming the reliability and accuracy. These results validate the potential of graphenebased flexible LWS for accurate and long-term monitoring of leaf wetness duration in agricultural and ecological applications. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Microbial electrodes

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DEGSTalk: Decomposed Per-Embedding Gaussian Fields for Hair-Preserving Talking Face Synthesis

DEGSTalk: Decomposed Per-Embedding Gaussian Fields for Hair-...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Kaijun Deng Dezhi Zheng Jindong Xie Jinbao Wang Weicheng Xie Linlin Shen Siyang Song Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Department of Computer Science University of Exeter

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Accurately synthesizing talking face videos and capturing fine facial features for individuals with long hair presents a significant challenge. To tackle these challenges in existing methods, we propose a decomposed per-embedding Gaussian fields (DEGSTalk), a 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS)-based talking face synthesis method for generating realistic talking faces with long hairs. Our DEGSTalk employs Deformable Pre-Embedding Gaussian Fields, which dynamically adjust pre-embedding Gaussian primitives using implicit expression coefficients. This enables precise capture of dynamic facial regions and subtle expressions. Additionally, we propose a Dynamic Hair-Preserving Portrait Rendering technique to enhance the realism of long hair motions in the synthesized videos. Results show that DEGSTalk achieves improved realism and synthesis quality compared to existing approaches, particularly in handling complex facial dynamics and hair preservation. Our code is available at https://***/CVI-SZU/DEGSTalk.

关键词： Hair Training Three-dimensional displays Dynamics Signal processing Rendering (computer graphics) Noise measurement Speech processing Faces Videos

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Studying of Machine Learning Models for Forecasting Macroeconomic Indicators

Studying of Machine Learning Models for Forecasting Macroeco...

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International Conference on Advanced Communication technology (ICACT)

作者： Lan Dong Thi Ngoc Ngo-Thi-Thu-Trang Kyoung-Mok Kim Vung Pham Ha-Nam Nguyen Department of Economic Information System Academy of Finance Hanoi Viet Nam Faculty of Information Technology University of Engineering and Technology Vietnam National University Hanoi Viet Nam Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology Hanoi CO Vietnam Department of Medical Information Sahmyook Health University Seoul Republic of Korea Computer Science Department Sam Houston State University Huntsville Texas TX USA Faculty of Information Technology Electric Power University Hanoi Viet Nam

ISBN: (数字)9791188428137

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507602

This study explores the application of machine learning models in forecasting macro-economic indicators, including GDP, inflation rate, unemployment rate, and exchange rate across 11 Southeast Asian countries. The models used include Linear Regression, ARIMA, Random Forest, XGBoost, LSTM, and SVM. We conducted a performance comparison of each model based on MAE, RMSE, and R 2 metrics to evaluate the accuracy of the *** experimental results indicate that Random Forest and XGBoost models excel in predicting nonlinear and complex indicators such as GDP and unemployment rate, while ARIMA and Linear Regression models perform better in time series with clear regular patterns, like inflation rate. The LSTM model shows inconsistent effective-ness, requiring large data volumes and complex optimization processes. SVM demonstrates potential in handling nonlinear data but requires careful *** study concludes that using machine learning models presents significant potential for improving the accuracy of macroeconomic forecasting. However, model tuning and optimization are essential to match the characteristics of each type of economic indicator. Future research directions include developing hybrid models and integrating additional factors such as market sentiment, social and environmental indicators (ESG) to enhance forecasting outcomes.

关键词： Support vector machines Economic indicators Biological system modeling Predictive models Macroeconomics Forecasting Unemployment Random forests Optimization Long short term memory

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Integration of SDN and Digital Twin for the Intelligent Detection of DoC Attacks in WRSNs

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Qaisar, Muhammad Umar Farooq Yuan, Weijie Han, Guangjie Ahmed, Adeel Liu, Chang Piran, Md. Jalil School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University China School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology China Department of Internet of Things Engineering Hohai University China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China China School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of

Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs), supported by recent advancements in wireless power transfer (WPT) technology, hold significant potential for extending network lifetime. However, traditional approaches often prioritize scheduling algorithms and network optimization, overlooking the security risks associated with the charging process, which exposes the network to potential attacks. This paper addresses this gap by integrating Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Digital Twin technologies for the intelligent detection of Denial of Charging (DoC) attacks in WRSNs. First, it leverages the flexibility and intelligent control of SDN, in combination with Digital Twin, to enhance real-time detection and mitigation of DoC attacks. Second, it employs four key metrics to detect such attacks including charging request patterns, energy consumption, behavioral and reputation scores, and charging behavior and efficiency. The numerical results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed protocol in terms of energy usage efficiency, survival rate, detection rate, and travel distance. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： State of charge

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