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systems and Control in Aerospace and Astronautics, 2006. ISSCAA 2006. 1st International Symposium on

作者： Hang Shi Jihong Zhu Haiyan Tian State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and System Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China College of Mathematics and Information Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang China

ISBN: (纸本)0780393953

SINS and GPS are widely used. Combining SINS and GPS organically, we can get an reliable integrated navigating system which can overcome the respective defects of the two systems, including signal blockage for GPS and growth of position errors with time for SINS, and develop their advantages to form a complementary structure at the same time. On the basis of using the SINS/GPS integrated navigation system, we introduce the covariance assignment state estimation algorithm not only to enhance the navigational capability and accuracy, but also enhance the robustness of the navigation system.

关键词： Global Positioning system covariance analysis inertial navigation state estimation Global Positioning system covariance assignment integrated system state estimation strap-down inertial navigation system

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CTH13-6: Distributive High-Rate Space-Frequency Codes Achieving Full Cooperative and Multipath Diversities for Asynchronous Cooperative Communications

CTH13-6: Distributive High-Rate Space-Frequency Codes Achiev...

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IEEE Globecom 2006

作者： Yabo Li Wei Zhang Xiang-Gen Xia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering CDMA system design group Nortel Networks University of Delaware Richardson TX USA Department of Electric & Electronic Engineering Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE USA

Using OFDM and space-time coding to achieve asynchronous cooperative diversity has been proposed by Mei et. al. and Shin et al, where orthogonal space-time block codes, Alamouti code in particular, were used at relay nodes. This proposed space-time coding can not achieve the multipath diversity when the channels from nodes to nodes are frequency selective fading. In this paper, we also consider asynchronous cooperative communications where the channels are assumed to be frequency-selective fading. We design high rate distributed space-frequency codes to achieve both full asynchronous cooperative diversity and multipath diversities.

关键词： Relays OFDM Frequency synchronization Fading Delay Transceivers Block codes Frequency diversity Receiving antennas Costs

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Digital Ecosystems: Evolving Service-Orientated Architectures 06

Digital Ecosystems: Evolving Service-Orientated Architecture...

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Bio-Inspired Models of Network, Information and Computing systems, BIONETICS

作者： Gerard Briscoe Philippe de Wilde Intelligent Systems and Networks Group Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London UK Intelligent Systems Lab School of Mathematical and Computer Science Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh UK

ISBN: (纸本)9781424404636

A novel optimisation technique inspired by natural ecosystems is presented, where the optimisation works at two levels: a first optimisation, migration of services which are distributed in a decentralised peer-to-peer network, operating continuously in time; this process feeds a second optimisation based on evolutionary computing that operates locally on single peers and is aimed at finding solutions to satisfy locally relevant constraints. Through this two-fold process, the local search is accelerated and will yield better local optima, because the distributed optimisation already provides a good sampling of the search space by making use of computations already performed in other peers with similar constraints. We call this new distributed optimisation architecture a digital ecosystem, an ecosystem-orientated architecture (EOA) created by extending a service-oriented architecture (SOA) with distributed evolutionary computing (DEC). The digital ecosystem will allow services to recombine and evolve over time, constantly seeking to improve their effectiveness for the user base. individuals within our digital ecosystem will be applications (groups of services), created in response to user requests by using evolutionary optimisation to aggregate the services. These individuals will migrate through the digital ecosystem and adapt to find niches where they are useful in fulfilling other user requests

关键词： Ecosystems Constraint optimization computer architecture Peer to peer computing Distributed computing Service oriented architecture Feeds computer networks Acceleration Sampling methods

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An Enhanced IEEE 802.11 MAC Algorithm for Tradeoff between Delay and Energy-Consumption

An Enhanced IEEE 802.11 MAC Algorithm for Tradeoff between D...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Hang Su Xi Zhang Peiliang Qiu Mohsen Guizani Networking and Information System Laboratories ECE Department Texas A and M University College Station TX USA Department of Information Science & Electrical Engin. University of Zhejiang Hangzhou China Department of Computer Science Western Michigan University Kalamazoo MI USA

One of the most crucial requirements of a wireless ad-hoc network is to work efficiently and reliably over a long period of time. It is important to design a control technique that minimizes the transmission power of each mobile node without losing much of the performance while retaining the fairness of the network. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we show that the transmission energy consumption and the media access delay can be expressed as a function of the conditional collision probability in the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. Based on the analyses, a fundamental tradeoff between the system energy consumption and its performance can be found by tuning up the system control parameter CWmin. Second, we propose an enhanced energy-aware scheme based on the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The simulation results show that this technique is more energy efficient than the original IEEE 802.11 protocol while keeping a similar media access delay and a better fairness.

关键词： Delay Media Access Protocol Energy consumption Batteries Ad hoc networks Access protocols Power control Throughput USA Councils Performance analysis

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Inter-Satellite Microwave Radiometer Calibration Between AMSR and TMI

Inter-Satellite Microwave Radiometer Calibration Between AMS...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： L. Hong W. Jones T. Wilheit Central Florida Remote Sensing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Brazos Earth System Science Inc. College Station TX USA

There are many satellites in orbit using total power microwave radiometers with external calibration targets. Pre- launch and on-orbit calibrations have been developed and applied to ensure accurate measurements over decades. But because of different designs as well as instrument aging effects, subsequent calibration is necessary to improve or maintain measurement accuracy. In-orbit inter-satellite radiometric calibration techniques could provide a long-term, group-wise solution. This paper presents our current research, which analyzes two methods to perform this calibration based upon coincident brightness measurements. In the first approach we build a transfer relationship based on three adjacent frequency measurements and major environmental parameters using radiative transfer model normalization. In the second approach, a linear regression is used among all frequency and both polarization measurements and their transforms. We utilize Radiative transfer models (RTM's) in both methods, and refine them under different environmental conditions and later, we test the RTM models in order to better simulate brightness temperature retrieval before use in building transfer relationships. We validate the two different approaches by comparing external measurements between AMSR on ADEOS-II and TMI on TRMM. Results of calibration comparisons are provided along with accuracy prediction and error source analysis. By pursuing this research, the feasibility of building calibrations between polar-orbit satellites can be established for improved operational and scientific utilization of microwave radiometer measurements.

关键词： Microwave radiometry Calibration Extraterrestrial measurements Satellite broadcasting Frequency measurement Instruments Aging Performance analysis Performance evaluation Brightness

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Detection and Avoiding Ventricular Suction of Ventricular Assist Devices

Detection and Avoiding Ventricular Suction of Ventricular As...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A. Tanaka M. Yoshizawa P. Olegario D. Ogawa K. Abe T. Motomura S. Igo Y. Nose Faculty of Symbiotic System Science Fukushima University Fukushima Japan Information Synergy Center University of Tohoku Sendai Japan Graduate School of Engineering University of Tohoku Sendai Japan Department of Computer Science College of Engineering Nihon University Koriyama Japan Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery Baylor University College of Medicine Houston TX USA

Continuous flow blood pumps, such as axial flow and centrifugal pumps, have been gaining interest as circulatory devices for total artificial hearts (TAHs) and a biventricular assist device (BVAD) because of their smaller size and simpler structure compared to pulsatile pumps. However, continuous flow pumps are more prone to suction of the left ventricle than pulsatile pumps are. Sudden increases in flow rate to meet changes in physiological demand, especially in the left pump, often cause ventricle suction. In this study, a control algorithm to prevent suction from occurring in the left ventricle by controlling the rotational speed of the right pump, instead of reducing the cardiac output of the left pump, was developed and investigated. The method was tested in acute animal experiments with calves. The results indicate that this proposed method is capable of preventing suction and could simultaneously maintain circulatory control. A key advantage of this control system is that flow rates can be maximized while avoiding ventricle suction conditions particularly when the circulatory system is unstable such as in a the first few days after operation

关键词： Artificial heart Biomedical engineering Electronic mail Testing Animals Control systems Circulatory system Blood flow Pressure control Medical control systems

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Autonomous Distributed Genetic Approach for Route Planning Problems

Autonomous Distributed Genetic Approach for Route Planning P...

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： M. Noishiki K. Sakakibara I. Nishikawa H. Tamaki K. Nakayama College of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan Department of Computer and System Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan NICT Universal Media Research Center Kyoto Japan ATR Cognitive Information Science Laboratories Kyoto Japan. E-mail: knakayama@atr.jp

We consider the pickup and delivery problem with time windows as a general model of the practical transportation problems in automated guided vehicle systems, logistic systems, etc. The problem requires that any paired pickup and delivery locations have to be served by one vehicle and the pickup location has to be scheduled before the corresponding delivery location in the route. In this paper, to search a set of routes close to the optimal one, we propose the autonomous distributed genetic approach based on the search space decomposition for the problem. In this approach, first, the search space is divided into sub-spaces based on the number of customers loaded in each vehicle. Then, GA is applied in each sub-space. In addition, the dynamic separation is applied for an efficient search. The effectiveness of the search space decomposition is evaluated by computational experiments

关键词： Remotely operated vehicles Electronic mail Information science Genetic engineering Logistics Space vehicles Vehicle dynamics Genetic algorithms Transportation Educational institutions

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Studies on the inverse estimation of the heat flux or heat transfer coefficient in composite materials

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Hangkong Taikong ji Minhang Xuekan/Journal of Aeronautics, Astronautics and Aviation 2006年第2期38 B卷 97-108页

作者： Cheng, Chung-Hsin Chen, Tsung-Chien Tuan, Pan-Chio Jang, Horng-Yuan Department of System Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan Taiwan Graduate School of Gerontic Technology and Service Nankai College Nantou Taiwan Department of Computer Science Information Engineering Nankai College Nantou Taiwan

The one dimensional inverse heat conduction problems of the composite materials with the unknown boundary conditions are discussed. Base on the boundary temperature measurement, the system's unknown boundary conditions such as the time varying heat flux or heat transfer coefficient can be estimated by input estimation (IE) approach inversely and the transient response of the temperature of the composite materials is calculated at the same time. The IE includes Kalman filter (KF) and weighted recursive least-square estimator (WRLSE). The unknown boundary conditions are regarded as the unknown inputs. Kalman filter (KF) is linear recursive least square error covariance estimation and its purpose is to generate the recursive innovation sequence. Because this sequence contains bias or systematic errors caused by implicit unknown time-variant inputs and random errors from the measurement data. WRLSE is used to identify the unknown inputs. The methodology for estimating the time varying unknown heat flux, heat transfer coefficient and temperature distribution of the composite materials is also presented in this work. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can accurately estimate the unknown heat flux, heat transfer coefficient and the temperature transient response of the composite materials.

关键词： Composite materials

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Chitosan for Biofunctionalization of Microsystems

Chitosan for Biofunctionalization of Microsystems

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IEEE/NLM Life science systems and Applications Workshop

作者： Stephan T. Koev Michael A. Powers Vlad Badilita Hyunmin Yi William E. Bentley Gregory F. Payne Gary W. Rubloff Reza Ghodssi Institute for Systems Research ISR University of Maryland College Park MD USA University System of Maryland Adelphi MD US Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute (UMBI) University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 Bioengineering Graduate Program University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 University of Maryland College Park MD USA University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute College Park MD USA Institute for Systems Research (ISR) University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 Institute for Systems Research (ISR) University of Maryland College Park MD 20742

ISBN: (纸本)1424402778

We present the use of the polysaccharide chitosan for immobilizing biomolecules on microfabricated device surfaces. The main advantages of chitosan are its abundance of primary amine groups and its ability to be electrodeposited. Biomolecules are easily attached to chitosan 's amines by standard glutaraldehyde chemistry. The electrodeposition of chitosan allows accurate spatial and temporal control of biomolecule placement. We have demonstrated this biofunctionalization method for two different bioMEMS devices: a biophotonic sensor and a micromechanical biosensor. We have successfully assembled probe DNA on each of them and detected hybridization with target DNA as a demonstration of sensor operation. Here, we briefly present the fabrication procedure and testing results for both of these bioMEMS sensing devices

关键词： DNA Biosensors Molecular biophysics Probes Micromechanical devices Optical sensors Optical surface waves Optical interferometry Assembly Biomedical optical imaging

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Application of genetic algorithm for power system state estimation

Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India), Part CP: Co...

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Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India), Part CP: computer Engineering Division 2005年第NOV.期86卷 45-49页

作者： Selvi, K. Ramaraj, N. Senthil, Kumar, M. Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Power System Engineering Thiagarajar College of Engineering Madurai 625 015 India

The static state estimator (SE) is a data processing algorithm for converting redundant meter readings and other available information into an estimate of the static state vector. This work centres on the general nature of the problem, mathematical modelling, genetic algorithm (GA) application for state estimate, and concepts underlying the detection and identification of errors in various ranges of standard deviation (s). Calculation of gain matrix (G) and its inversion are totally eliminated in estimating the optimal state vector. GA approach for SE is illustrated with sample systems. The solution obtained using GA is followed, by a reliable bad data processing method on the sample systems and the results are compared with other methods. The comparison confirms the capability of the proposed method for SE in power system.

关键词： Bad data GA Gross error State estimation

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