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Animal-like behavior design of small robots by consciousness-based architecture

Advanced Robotics 1997年第3期12卷 289-307页

作者： Kitamura, Tadashi Department of Mechanical System Engineering College of Computer Science and System Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology lizuka-city Fukuoka 820 680 Kawatsu Japan

This paper proposes an aproach to designing animal-like behavior of autonomous robots with use of a five-layered hierarchical model of the relation between consciousness and behavior. The hierarchy of behavior includes reflex motion, detour, and a limited use of temporal and spatialinformation of environments. The corresponding consciousness has an emotion-valued coordinate system, stably lasting emotion that enables an animal to detour an obstacle for a prey, and symbolic information on time and space. The basic idea of the software architecture realizing the abovemodel of consciousness and behavior is that a level in the hierarchy of consciousness is activated when an action on the immediately lower level is obstructed and that the activated level of consciousness selects and drives a higher behavior. With this software architecture, all the five levelsof behavior were successfully shown by experiment with the use of two small mobile robots. Their instantaneous consciousness is visualized on the screen of a host computer controling robot motion and the screen image of the robot's consciousness works to design behaviors as a bilateral humaninterface. © VSP and Robotics Society of Japan 1998.

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Recovery in a shared disk parallel database system using DFeRAM

Recovery in a shared disk parallel database system using DFe...

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International Conference on High Performance Computing in the Asia-Pacific Region

作者： Yong Keol Kim Young Sik Baek Seong II Jin Sung Hyun Cho Department of Office Automation Taejon Medical Junior College South Korea System Technology Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute South Korea Department of Computer Science Chungnam National University South Korea Division of Electronics and Computer Engineering Hongik University South Korea

A nonvolatile memory called FeRAM (Ferroelectronic Random Access Memory) is one of the promising memory devices. This paper presents a dual plane FeRAM (DFeRAM) architecture for recovery in the shared disk parallel database system. This paper also presents a recovery algorithm based on a shadow paging method using a DFeRAM architecture. We compare the performance of the log based method and that of our method based on simulation results, which show that our method is better than the log based method when both methods use a nonvolatile memory.

关键词： Database systems Nonvolatile memory Random access memory Ferroelectric films Transaction databases Object oriented modeling Maintenance Discrete event simulation Communication system control Flash memory

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10-Gbit/s transoceanic soliton transmission using mostly normal dispersion fiber

10-Gbit/s transoceanic soliton transmission using mostly nor...

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Optical Fiber Communication (OFC) Conference

作者： J.M. Jacob G.M. Carter E.A. Golovchenho A.N. Pilipetskii C.R. Menyuk Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Electr. Eng. Maryland Univ. Baltimore MD USA Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA University System of Maryland Adelphi MD US Laboratory of Physical Science College Park MD USA

ISBN: (纸本)1557524815

Soliton transmission using periodic dispersion compensation has recently become an attractive method to reduce amplitude and timing errors by means of soliton power enhancement in low path-averaged dispersion transmission lines. We report here the results of error-free soliton transmission exceeding 10 Mm in a dispersion-mapped system consisting of mostly normal dispersion fiber, but in which a low path-averaged anomalous dispersion is obtained. A consequence of low dispersion in soliton transmission systems using frequency-sliding techniques is a stronger impact from the frequency-sliding filters on the pulse dynamics.

关键词： Solitons Frequency Pulse modulation Optical pulses Interleaved codes Q measurement Electrons Pulse amplifiers Stimulated emission Optical filters

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Issues of security and network security in health care information systems

Issues of security and network security in health care infor...

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作者： Patel, Ahmed Kantzavelou, Ioanna Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Research Group Department of Computer Science University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland

A Health Care Establishment (HCE) is an establishment where medical services are rendered. The above services are provided by the health care personnel. The infrastructure of a HCE may include Information Technology (IT) equipment that stores and processes HC information. Previously, IT equipment consisted solely of stand-alone systems, whereas in recent years, the trend has been towards computer networks and distributed systems in HCEs. The spread of distributed information technology in HCEs have necessitated the implementation of Security in HCISs, to assure confidentiality, integrity and availability of HCE information. This paper discusses the issues of Security and Network Security in Health Care Information systems (HCISs). It also suggests a method in establishing Network Security Guidelines and describes Principles for the provision of Network Security in HCEs. © 1996, The SEISMED Consortium.

关键词： Network security

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Operational systems, logistics engineering and technology insertion

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 205-220页

作者： Grubb, MJ Skolnick, A Michael J. Grubb:has perfomzed naval engineering at the Crane Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) for more than twenty-five years. He currently the program manager for the Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practice Program (SHARP). is a Navy-wide logistics research and development prgram aimed at the successful transiton of proved technologies inot the fleet. SHARP focuses on reducing acquisition performance capability reliability maintainability and readiness of these systems. Mr. Grubb has served as a department director for the past eleven years. His most recent assignment was as director of the Tactical Computer Resources and Test Equipment Department. This organization provided acquisition and in-service engineering support of the Navy's tectical embedded computers priphirals displays and mass memory storage devices. The organization also provided a complete range of product engineering and metrology engineerig services for SSP NevSeaSysCom and the Trident Program. Prior to this appointment Mr. Grubb was deptuy director psysical security programs department and site responsible for program management and system integration of ashore integrated security systems. Mr. Grubb holds a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Iowa State Universtiy an M.S. degree in industrial engineering from Purdue University and has copleted the course work (Dec.'96 for a master's degree in public and environment affairs at Indiana University-Purdue Univeristy Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick operates System Science Consultants (SSC) specilizing in strategic planning technical program definiton technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. He has taught physics mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University and is currently adjunct professor of mathematics at Northern Virginia Community College. Form 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Noval Engineers. Dr. Skolnick served at Applied Physic

In an era of fiscal austerity, downsizing and unforgiving pressure upon human and economic capital, it is an Augean task to identify resources for fresh and creative work. The realities of the day and the practical demands of more immediate fleet needs can often dictate higher priorities. Yet, the Navy must avoid eating its seed corn. Exercising both technical insight and management foresight, the fleet, the R&D community, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OpNav) and the product engineering expertise of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) are joined and underway with integrated efforts to marry new, fully demonstrated technologies and operational urgencies. Defense funding today cannot sponsor all work that can be mission-justified over the long term because budgets are insufficient to support product maturation within the classical development cycle. However, by rigorous technical filtering and astute engineering of both marketplace capabilities and currently available components, it is possible in a few select cases to compress and, in effect, integrate advanced development (6.3), engineering development (6.4), weapon procurement (WPN), ship construction (SCN), operation and maintenance (O&M,N) budgetary categories when fleet criticalities and technology opportunities can happily meet. In short, 6.3 funds can be applied directly to ''ripe gateways'' so modern technology is inserted into existing troubled or aging systems, sidestepping the lengthy, traditional development cycle and accelerating practical payoffs to recurrent fleet problems. To produce such constructive results has required a remarkable convergence of sponsor prescience and engineering workforce excellence. The paper describes, extensively, the philosophy of approach, transition strategy, polling of fleet needs, technology assessment, and management team requirements. The process for culling and selecting specific candidate tasks for SHARP sponsorship (matching operational need with t

关键词： Naval vessels

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent Engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Social impact statements: engaging public participation in information technology design 96

Social impact statements: engaging public participation in i...

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Proceedings of the symposium on computers and the quality of life

作者： Ben Shneiderman Anne Rose Department of Computer Science & Institute for System Research University of Maryland College Park MD Human Computer Interaction Laboratory Center for Automation Research University of Maryland College Park MD

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Stabilization of inverted pendulum by the genetic algorithm

Stabilization of inverted pendulum by the genetic algorithm

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IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation

作者： S. Omatu S. Deris Department of Computer and Systems Sciences College of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka Japan Computer Science and Information System Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Considers the stabilization of an inverted pendulum which can be controlled by moving a cart in an intelligent way. We adopt a PID (proportional + integral + derivative) control method to stabilize the pendulum. This controller requires the determination of PID control gains, but it is difficult to select the best gains theoretically. Thus, there have been many approaches to determine them empirically; most of these are based on the experience of operators and knowledge. We propose a method to use neural networks to tune the PID gains in the same way that human operators tune the gains adaptively according to the environmental condition and systems specification. The tuning method is based on the error backpropagation method, and hence it may be trapped in a local minimum. In order to avoid the local minimum problem, we use a genetic algorithm to find the initial values of the connection weights of the neural network and the initial values of the PID gains. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the approach.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Neural networks Three-term control Humans Position measurement Process control Educational institutions Genetic engineering computer science Information systems

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Parallel computing methods for X-ray cone beam tomography with large array sizes

Parallel computing methods for X-ray cone beam tomography wi...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： D.A. Reimann M.J. Flynn V. Chaudhary I.K. Sethi Department of Diagnostic Radiology Henry Ford Health System Detroit USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wayne State University Detroit USA Department Mathematics Albion College Albion MI USA Computer Science Department Wayne State University Detroit USA

Cone beam geometries are increasingly of interest for X-ray CT applications to improve imaging efficiency. In this paper, we describe our practical experience implementing circular orbit cone beam backprojection on workstation clusters. The reconstruction problem is computationally intensive, particularly for arrays of 512 voxels in each direction. A voxel driven approach is described where the reconstruction volume is partitioned into variable width slabs and each slab given to a workstation. Each projection is filtered by one workstation and then sent to the others for backprojection. While most computation is done in the backprojection step, a significant amount of time must be spent in sending projectional data. A method is detailed to further reduce the communication overhead by restricting the amount of projection sent to only what is required by each backprojecting workstation. Furthermore, if the shape of the backprojection slabs is made as square as possible, the total communication requirement can be minimized. By reduction of the communication requirement, an overall improvement in processor utilization was observed, and the crossover point where communication dominates was improved.

关键词： Parallel processing X-ray imaging Computed tomography Image reconstruction Workstations Slabs Hardware Shape Geometry Biological materials

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Roles of neural and evolutionary computing in intelligent software systems

British Telecom technology journal

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British Telecom technology journal 1996年第4期14卷 46-54页

作者： Tsui, K.C. Azvine, B. Plumbley, M. Hong Kong Polytechnic University of Essex Kings College University of London BT Laboratories Manchester University Dynamics and Control Research Group Engineering Department Manchester University Contr. and Instrum. Research Group Staffordshire University Intelligent Systems Research Group Churchill College Cambridge United Kingdom Thorn-EMI Ctrl. Res. Laboratories Cambridge Univ. Eng. Department Centre for Neural Networks King's College London Department of Computer Science Electron. and Electrical Engineering King's College London United Kingdom European Neural Network Society

This paper describes two computing paradigms known as neural computing and evolutionary computing, and their potential contribution to building intelligent software systems. The paper begins by giving a brief introduction to the origins of each paradigm. Then two sections introduce the basic principles, and identify the role of each paradigm in intelligent system design. Each section ends with a number of applications that have been or are being investigated. These include connection admission control, modem communication, adaptive model-based control, face and handwriting recognition, frequency assignment, help-desk scheduling, financial time-series prediction, face recognition and evolving agent behavior. A section introduces the idea of using communications theory to design neural networks and the paper concludes with the authors' views on the future of neural and evolutionary computing for intelligent software systems.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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