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Recognition of American sign language using modified deep residual CNN with modified canny edge segmentation

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Hariharan, U. Devarajan, Devikanniga Kumar, P. Santhosh Rajkumar, K. Meena, M. Akilan, T. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Karnataka Bengaluru561203 India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tambaram602109 India Research Coordinator Dept. of IQAC Amity University Kolkata West Bengal 700135 India

American Sign Language (ASL) recognition aims to recognize hand gestures, and it is a crucial solution to communicating between the deaf community and hearing people. However, existing sign language recognition algorithms still have some drawbacks, such as difficulty recognizing hand movements and low recognition accuracy for most sign language recognition. A Modified Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) deep residual 101 classifier-based American Sign Language identification system has been developed to address this problem. There are three main parts presents in the method. The first part is pre-processing the images to remove the noise, enhance the contrast of the picture, adjust the contrast level and smoothen the picture using various filters. The second part is the segmentation, and it’s used to partition the image using a modified canny edge detection method by removing all weak edges present in the image. Finally, classification will be done using the Modified CNN deep residual 101 classifiers. By classifying the image, the American Sign Language is accurately identified. This process is conducted through images. The outcome shows that the suggested approach has a 0.97% accuracy and a 0.05% False Positive Rate. Other CNN architectures such as resNet 50 and resNet 18 reached 0.90% and 0.80% accuracy, respectively, which is lower than our proposed method. In addition, the resNet 101 classifier effectively recognizes the difficult hand gestures through the image data. It obtains high recognition accuracy for 36 signs is 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets from American Sign Language. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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CounterFair: Group Counterfactuals for Bias Detection, Mitigation and Subgroup Identification 24

CounterFair: Group Counterfactuals for Bias Detection, Mitig...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, ICDM 2024

作者： Kuratomi, Alejandro Lee, Zed Tsaparas, Panayiotis Junior, Guilherme Dinis Pitoura, Evaggelia Lindgren, Tony Papapetrou, Panagiotis Stockholm University Department of Computer and Systems Sciences Sweden University of Ioannina and Archimedes/Athena RC Department of Computer Science and Engineering Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506681

Counterfactual explanations can be used as a means to explain a models decision process and to provide recommendations to users on how to improve their current status. The difficulty to apply these counterfactual recommendations from the users perspective, also known as burden, may be used to assess the models algorithmic fairness and to provide fair recommendations among different sensitive feature groups. We propose a novel model-agnostic, mathematical programming-based, group counterfactual algorithm that can: (1) detect biases via group counterfactual burden, (2) produce fair recommendations among sensitive groups and (3) identify relevant subgroups of instances through shared counterfactuals. We analyze these capabilities from the perspective of recourse fairness, and empirically compare our proposed method with the state-of-the-art algorithms for group counterfactual generation in order to assess the bias identification and the capabilities in group counterfactual effectiveness and burden minimization. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Algorithmic Fairness Counterfactual explanations Group counterfactuals Local explainability

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Integrated Web-Based Platform for AI-Enhanced Autism Assessment 2

Integrated Web-Based Platform for AI-Enhanced Autism Assessm...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Research in Computational science, ICERCS 2024

作者： Yasir Abdullah, R. Rk, Kamesh Kavin Prabu, S. Sri Subiksha, T. Venkatraman, P. Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534950

This research presents a novel web-based platform that leverages facial and vocal tracking to enhance the preliminary screening process for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). By incorporating advanced machine learning algorithms to analyze multimodal data, the platform offers a non-invasive, accessible, and cost-effective solution for initial ASD evaluation. The system demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy, achieving 90% in facial pattern analysis, 85% in vocal pattern analysis, and 95% accuracy when both analyses are combined. Additionally, it includes communication features designed to foster a supportive environment for individuals with ASD. This paper provides an overview of the platform's development, functionality, and future potential, with an emphasis on its capacity to improve existing diagnostic methods and its accessibility for underserved communities. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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High-Capacity DWDM Transmission System for Free-Space Optical Network 6

High-Capacity DWDM Transmission System for Free-Space Optica...

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6th International Conference on Electrical, Control and Instrumentation engineering, ICECIE 2024

作者： Rahman, M.T. Jahid, M.A. Anha, S.Y. Rahman, Md. Shohanur Azmi Orpy, F. Bakibillah, A.S.M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Systems and Control Engineering Tokyo152-8552 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380040

This study presents the architecture and performance evaluation of a high-capacity free-space optical (FSO) communication system that makes use of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and a 1.28 Tb/s link. The system under consideration comprises 64 individual channels, each of which is capable of transferring data streams at a speed of 20 Gbps. A return-to-zero (RZ) line coding algorithm is incorporated to maximize performance across 2.0 km of FSO link. Important parameters that affect the system's performance, like beam divergence and atmosphere attenuation, are taken into account in the analysis. The signals' bit-error-rate (BER), quality factor (Q), and eye diagrams are calculated and examined to assess the system's performance. For future optical-wireless networks that require significant bandwidth capabilities, cost-effective implementation, and increased flexibility, this novel high-capacity design offers a promising solution. The results aid in the development of dependable and useful high-speed FSO communication systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Comparative Study of Machine Learning Models and Distributed Runoff Models for Predicting Flood Water Level

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2023年第3期12卷 215-222页

作者： Kubo, Tasuku Okazaki, Takeo Graduate school of Engineering and Science University of the Ryukyus Senbaru Nishihara Japan Department of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems University of the Ryukyus Senbaru Nishihara Japan

Conventional flood forecasting methods can be roughly classified as physics-based models and data-oriented models, which both require parameter optimization. In parameter optimization, a search is generally done to minimize the magnitude of overall errors. However, under- and overestimation errors are not equivalent in flood forecasting since underestimation of the water level leads to delays in decision making. We propose a risk-aware forecasting method that uses a weighted loss function. We applied the proposed method to both physics-based models and machine learning models and compared the prediction results to clarify the difference in the prediction results according to the base model used. The results show that the model optimized by the weighted loss function reduced the underestimation error while maintaining the overall error. © 2023 Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Errors

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Artificial intelligence in physiological characteristics recognition for internet of things authentication

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 740-755页

作者： Zhimin Zhang Huansheng Ning Fadi Farha Jianguo Ding Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Cyberspace Data Analysis and Applications Beijing100083China Faculty of Informatics Engineering Aleppo UniversityAleppoSyria Department of Computer Science Blekinge Institute of Technology37179KarlskronaSweden Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

Effective user authentication is key to ensuring equipment security,data privacy,and personalized services in Internet of Things(IoT)***,conventional mode-based authentication methods(e.g.,passwords and smart cards)may be vulnerable to a broad range of attacks(e.g.,eavesdropping and side-channel attacks).Hence,there have been attempts to design biometric-based authentication solutions,which rely on physiological and behavioral *** characteristics need continuous monitoring and specific environmental settings,which can be challenging to implement in ***,we can also leverage Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the extraction and classification of physiological characteristics from IoT devices processing to facilitate ***,we review the literature on the use of AI in physiological characteristics recognition pub-lished after *** use the three-layer architecture of the IoT(i.e.,sensing layer,feature layer,and algorithm layer)to guide the discussion of existing approaches and their *** also identify a number of future research opportunities,which will hopefully guide the design of next generation solutions.

关键词： Physiological characteristics recognition Artificial intelligence Internet of things Biological-driven authentication

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Single-Loop Stochastic Algorithms for Difference of Max-Structured Weakly Convex Functions 38

Single-Loop Stochastic Algorithms for Difference of Max-Stru...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Hu, Quanqi Qi, Qi Lu, Zhaosong Yang, Tianbao Department of Computer Science & Engineering Texas A&M University United States Department of Computer Science The University of Iowa United States Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Minnesota United States

In this paper, we study a class of non-smooth non-convex problems in the form of minx[maxy∈Y (x, y) − maxz∈Z ψ(x, z)], where both Φ(x) = maxy∈Y (x, y) and Ψ(x) = maxz∈Z ψ(x, z) are weakly convex functions, and (x, y), ψ(x, z) are strongly concave functions in terms of y and z, respectively. It covers two families of problems that have been studied but are missing single-loop stochastic algorithms, i.e., difference of weakly convex functions and weakly convex strongly-concave min-max problems. We propose a stochastic Moreau envelope approximate gradient method dubbed SMAG, the first single-loop algorithm for solving these problems, and provide a state-of-the-art non-asymptotic convergence rate. The key idea of the design is to compute an approximate gradient of the Moreau envelopes of Φ, Ψ using only one step of stochastic gradient update of the primal and dual variables. Empirically, we conduct experiments on positive-unlabeled (PU) learning and partial area under ROC curve (pAUC) optimization with an adversarial fairness regularizer to validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Blockchain Based Secure Federated Learning With Local Differential Privacy and Incentivization

IEEE Transactions on Privacy

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IEEE Transactions on Privacy 2024年第1期1卷 31-44页

作者： Chaudhury, Saptarshi De Reddy, Likhith Varun, Matta Sengupta, Tirthankar Chakraborty, Sandip Sural, Shamik Vaidya, Jaideep Atluri, Vijay Indian Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kharagpur721302 India Rutgers University Management Science and Information Systems Department NewarkNJ07102-3122 United States

Interest in supporting Federated Learning (FL) using blockchains has grown significantly in recent years. However, restricting access to the trained models only to actively participating nodes remains a challenge even today. To address this concern, we propose a methodology that incentivizes model parameter sharing in an FL setup under Local Differential Privacy (LDP). The nodes that share less obfuscated data under LDP are awarded higher quantum of tokens, which they can later use to obtain session keys for accessing encrypted model parameters updated by the server. If one or more of the nodes do not contribute to the learning process by sharing their data, or share only highly perturbed data, they earn less number of tokens. As a result, such nodes may not be able to read the new global model parameters if required. Local parameter sharing and updating of global parameters are done using the distributed ledger of a permissioned blockchain, namely HyperLedger Fabric (HLF). Being a blockchain-based approach, the risk of a single point of failure is also mitigated. Appropriate chaincodes, which are smart contracts in the HLF framework, have been developed for implementing the proposed methodology. Results of an extensive set of experiments firmly establish the feasibility of our approach. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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TECMH:Transformer-Based Cross-Modal Hashing For Fine-Grained Image-Text Retrieval

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3713-3728页

作者： Qiqi Li Longfei Ma Zheng Jiang Mingyong Li Bo Jin College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China Institute of Systems and Robotics(ISR) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering(DEEC)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

In recent years,cross-modal hash retrieval has become a popular research field because of its advantages of high efficiency and low ***-modal retrieval technology can be applied to search engines,crossmodalmedical processing,*** existing main method is to use amulti-label matching paradigm to finish the retrieval ***,such methods do not use fine-grained information in the multi-modal data,which may lead to suboptimal *** avoid cross-modal matching turning into label matching,this paper proposes an end-to-end fine-grained cross-modal hash retrieval method,which can focus more on the fine-grained semantic information of multi-modal ***,the method refines the image features and no longer uses multiple labels to represent text features but uses BERT for ***,this method uses the inference capabilities of the transformer encoder to generate global fine-grained ***,in order to better judge the effect of the fine-grained model,this paper uses the datasets in the image text matching field instead of the traditional label-matching *** article experiment on Microsoft COCO(MS-COCO)and Flickr30K datasets and compare it with the previous *** experimental results show that this method can obtain more advanced results in the cross-modal hash retrieval field.

关键词： Deep learning cross-modal retrieval hash learning transformer

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Machine Learning-Based Prediction of COVID-19: A Robust Approach for Early Diagnosis and Treatment 5th

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of COVID-19: A Robust Appr...

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5th International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive engineering, TCCE 2023

作者： Johora, Fatema Tuj Mahfuja, Israt Binte Masuqur Rahman, A.N.M. Rahman, Md Mosfikur Rahman, Md Sadekur Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International University Daffodil Bangladesh Department of Information Systems Kobe Institute of Computing Kobe Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819719228

The worldwide health catastrophe sparked by the COVID-19 epidemic continues, emphasizing the need for novel solutions in prediction, early diagnosis, and treatment. While vaccine development has progressed, the virus’s eradication remains questionable. This research presents a strong machine learning-driven approach to addressing this complicated problem. Rapid viral transmission and the lack of a single cure hamper illness diagnosis and treatment, particularly in highly populated developing countries like Bangladesh. Against this context, machine learning and artificial intelligence have emerged as critical instruments for the improvement of health care and medical research. This research investigates several machine learning algorithms and approaches that show potential for COVID-19 prediction. Among these is an algorithm that assesses individual vulnerability and environmental variables, allowing for self-diagnosis and early intervention, reducing the strain on healthcare institutions and government resources. This study demonstrates how machine learning may improve forecast accuracy and provide proactive treatment in pandemic management. Advanced techniques, such as K-nearest neighbor, Decision Tree, Random Forest, AdaBoost, XGBoost, Stochastic Gradient Descent, Linear SVC, Perceptron, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Logistic Regression, and Discriminant Analysis, are essential for achieving the best results. Finally, this research emphasizes the need for novel responses to global health challenges. Healthcare systems may improve their forecasting capacities and early intervention techniques by leveraging machine learning. This paper highlights technology’s revolutionary impact in redefining healthcare paradigms and encouraging resilience in the face of enormous difficulties. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： COVID-19

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