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Deep Learning-Enhanced Brain Tumor Prediction via Entropy-Coded BPSO in CIELAB Color Space

computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2031-2047页

作者： Mudassir Khalil Muhammad Imran Sharif Ahmed Naeem Muhammad Umar Chaudhry Hafiz Tayyab Rauf Adham E.Ragab Department of Computer Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS66506USA Department of Computer Science University of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Centre for Smart Systems AI and CybersecurityStaffordshire UniversityStoke-on-TrentST42DEUK Industrial Engineering Department Collage of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityPO Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia

Early detection of brain tumors is critical for effective treatment *** tumors in their nascent stages can significantly enhance the chances of patient *** there are various types of brain tumors,each with unique characteristics and treatment protocols,tumors are often minuscule during their initial stages,making manual diagnosis challenging,time-consuming,and potentially *** techniques predominantly used in hospitals involve manual detection via MRI scans,which can be costly,error-prone,and *** automated system for detecting brain tumors could be pivotal in identifying the disease in its earliest *** research applies several data augmentation techniques to enhance the dataset for diagnosis,including rotations of 90 and 180 degrees and inverting along vertical and horizontal *** CIELAB color space is employed for tumor image selection and ROI *** deep learning models,such as DarkNet-53 and AlexNet,are applied to extract features from the fully connected layers,following the feature selection using entropy-coded Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO).The selected features are further processed through multiple SVM kernels for *** study furthers medical imaging with its automated approach to brain tumor detection,significantly minimizing the time and cost of a manual *** method heightens the possibilities of an earlier tumor identification,creating an avenue for more successful treatment planning and better overall patient outcomes.

关键词： Brain tumor deep learning feature extraction feature selection feature fusion transfer learning

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Analytical results for the quantum alternating operator ansatz with Grover mixer

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Physical Review A 2024年第5期110卷 052409页

作者： Guilherme Adamatti Bridi Franklin de Lima Marquezino Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Duque de Caxias Campus Centre for Quantum Computer Science

The Grover mixer operator is a variational version of Grover's diffusion operator, introduced as a mixing operator for the quantum alternating operator ansatz (QAOA) and used in a variant known as Grover mixer QAOA (GM-QAOA). An important property of the QAOA with Grover mixer is that its expectation value is invariant over any permutation of states. As a consequence, the algorithm is independent of the structure of the problem. If, on the one hand, this characteristic raises serious doubts about the capacity of the algorithm to overcome the bound of the unstructured search problem, on the other hand, it can pave the way to its analytical study. In this sense, a prior work introduced a statistical approach to analyze GM-QAOA that results in an analytical expression for the expectation value depending on the probability distribution associated with the problem Hamiltonian spectrum. Although the method provides surprising simplifications in calculations, the expression depends exponentially on the number of layers, which makes direct analytical treatment unfeasible. In this work, we extend the analysis to the more simple context of Grover mixer threshold QAOA, a variant that replaces the phase separation operator of GM-QAOA to encode a threshold function. As a result, we obtain an expression for the expectation value independent of the number of layers and, with it, we provide bounds for different performance metrics. Furthermore, we extend the analysis to a more general context of QAOA with Grover mixer, which we called Grover-based QAOA. In that framework, which allows the phase separation operator to encode any compilation of the cost function, we generalize all the bounds by using an argument by contradiction with the optimality of Grover's algorithm on the unstructured search problem. As a result, we get the main contribution of this work, an asymptotic lower bound on the quantile achieved by the expectation value that formalizes the notion that the Grover mixer,

关键词： Quantum algorithms & computation

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A Game-Theoretic Approach to Safe Crowd Evacuation in Emergencies

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1631-1657页

作者： Maria Gul Imran Ali Khan Gohar Zaman Atta Rahman Jamaluddin Mir Sardar Asad Ali Biabani May IssaAldossary Mustafa Youldash Ashraf Saadeldeen Maqsood Mahmud Asiya Abdus Salam Dania Alkhulaifi Abdullah AlTurkey31Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurman14415Sudan Business Analytic Program Department of Management and MarketingCollege of Business AdministrationUniversity of BahrainSakhir32038Bahrain

Obstacle removal in crowd evacuation is critical to safety and the evacuation system efficiency. Recently, manyresearchers proposed game theoreticmodels to avoid and remove obstacles for crowd evacuation. Game theoreticalmodels aim to study and analyze the strategic behaviors of individuals within a crowd and their interactionsduring the evacuation. Game theoretical models have some limitations in the context of crowd evacuation. Thesemodels consider a group of individuals as homogeneous objects with the same goals, involve complex mathematicalformulation, and cannot model real-world scenarios such as panic, environmental information, crowds that movedynamically, etc. The proposed work presents a game theoretic model integrating an agent-based model to removethe obstacles from exits. The proposed model considered the parameters named: (1) obstacle size, length, andwidth, (2) removal time, (3) evacuation time, (4) crowd density, (5) obstacle identification, and (6) route *** proposed work conducts various experiments considering different conditions, such as obstacle types, obstacleremoval, and several obstacles. Evaluation results show the proposed model’s effectiveness compared with existingliterature in reducing the overall evacuation time, cell selection, and obstacle removal. The study is potentially usefulfor public safety situations such as emergency evacuations during disasters and calamities.

关键词： Safe crowd evacuation public safety emergency transition probability cooperation

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Track Damage And Obstacle Detection Using Multi Sensor Fusion Framework 15

Track Damage And Obstacle Detection Using Multi Sensor Fusio...

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15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Priya, S.Padma Abarna, P.S. Devi, C.Manjula Hammed, S. Shahul Karthikeyan, M.P. Saravanan, K.Muthu Psna College of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Dindigul India Velammal college of Engineering and Technology Department of Information Technology Madurai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology into railway track monitoring systems marks a pivotal advancement in ensuring the safety and efficiency of railway operations. Through strategic deployment of sensors along the tracks, this innovative system offers real-time detection of obstacles, furnishing vital data for timely intervention to avert potential accidents. This capability not only elevates passenger and crew safety but also bolsters the reliability of railway transportation systems as a whole. The system constantly scans the track ahead of the train for any anomalies using sensors positioned toward the front of the vehicle. The system immediately notifies the application faults it detects, enabling prompt action. Additionally, it updates the status of an IoT platform and displays it for personnel on board via an LCD panel. An audio alarm is generated in the event of critical sensor readings to ensure prompt attention. By lowering potential risks and responding quickly to track problems, This IoT-based solution holds the promise of revolutionizing railway operations by furnishing augmented safety, efficiency, and reliability, thereby addressing the burgeoning demands of contemporary transportation infrastructure. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： InfraRed Sensor Railway safety reliability track monitoring Ultrasonic Sensor

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Computational Investigation of Multiband EMNZ Metamaterial Absorber for Terahertz Applications

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3905-3920页

作者： Ismail Hossain Md Samsuzzaman Mohd Hafiz Baharuddin Norsuzlin Binti Mohd Sahar Mandeep Singh Jit Singh Mohammad Tariqul Islam Space Science Center Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringPatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityBangladesh Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaMalaysia

This study presents an Epsilon Mu near-zero(EMNZ)nanostructured metamaterial absorber(NMMA)for visible regime *** resonator and dielectric layers are made of tungsten(W)and quartz(fused),where the working band is expanded by changing the resonator layer’s *** to perfect impedance matching with plasmonic resonance characteristics,the proposed NMMA structure is achieved an excellent absorption of 99.99%at 571 THz,99.50%at 488.26 THz,and 99.32%at 598 THz *** absorption mechanism is demonstrated by the theory of impedance,electric field,and power loss density distributions,*** geometric parameters are explored and analyzed to show the structure’s performance,and a near-field pattern is used to explain the absorption mechanism at the resonance frequency *** numerical analysis method describes that the proposed structure exhibited more than 80%absorbability between 550 and 900 *** computer Simulation Technology(CST Microwave Studio 2019)software is used to design the proposed ***,CSTHFSS interference is validated by the simulation data with the help of the finite element method(FEM).The proposed NMMA structure is also exhibits glucose concentration sensing capability as *** the proposed broadband absorber may have a potential application in THz sensing,imaging(MRI,thermal,color),solar energy harvesting,light modulators,and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Metamaterial absorber terahertz applications multiband EM near zero nanostructured visible regime applications

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Intelligent Aquila Optimization Algorithm-Based Node Localization Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 141-152页

作者： Nidhi Agarwal M.Gokilavani S.Nagarajan S.Saranya Hadeel Alsolai Sami Dhahbi Amira Sayed Abdelaziz Department of Information Technology KIET Group of InstitutionsDelhi201206India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for WomenNew DelhiDelhi110006India Department of Computer Science and Engineering KL UniversityVaddeswaramAndhra Pradesh522502India Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Saveetha Engineering CollegeChennai602105India Department of Computer Science and Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of EngineeringTiruchirapalli621112India Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Science&Art at MahayilKing Khalid UniversityMuhayel Aseer62529Saudi Arabia Department of Digital Media Faculty of Computers and Information TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt

In recent times,wireless sensor network(WSN)finds their suitability in several application areas,ranging from military to commercial *** nodes in WSN are placed arbitrarily in the target field,node localization(NL)becomes essential where the positioning of the nodes can be determined by the aid of anchor *** goal of any NL scheme is to improve the localization accuracy and reduce the localization error *** this motivation,this study focuses on the design of Intelligent Aquila Optimization Algorithm Based Node Localization Scheme(IAOAB-NLS)for *** presented IAOAB-NLS model makes use of anchor nodes to determine proper positioning of the *** addition,the IAOAB-NLS model is stimulated by the behaviour of *** IAOAB-NLS model has the ability to accomplish proper coordinate points of the nodes in the *** guaranteeing the proficient NL process of the IAOAB-NLS model,widespread experimentation takes place to assure the betterment of the IAOAB-NLS *** resultant values reported the effectual outcome of the IAOAB-NLS model irrespective of changing parameters in the network.

关键词： Aquila optimizer node localization WSN intelligent models unknown nodes anchor nodes

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Reinforcement learning-based unknown reference tracking control of HMASs with nonidentical communication delays

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 46-57页

作者： Yong XU Zheng-Guang WU Wei-Wei CHE Deyuan MENG School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University College of Mathematics and Computer Science Zhejiang Normal University Department of Automation Qingdao University School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University(BUAA)

This paper focuses on the optimal output synchronization control problem of heterogeneous multiagent systems(HMASs) subject to nonidentical communication delays by a reinforcement learning *** with existing studies assuming that the precise model of the leader is globally or distributively accessible to all or some of the followers, the leader's precise dynamical model is entirely inaccessible to all the followers in this paper. A data-based learning algorithm is first proposed to reconstruct the leader's unknown system matrix online. A distributed predictor subject to communication delays is further devised to estimate the leader's state, where interaction delays are allowed to be nonidentical. Then, a learning-based local controller, together with a discounted performance function, is projected to reach the optimal output synchronization. Bellman equations and game algebraic Riccati equations are constructed to learn the optimal solution by developing a model-based reinforcement learning(RL) algorithm online without solving regulator equations, which is followed by a model-free off-policy RL algorithm to relax the requirement of all agents' dynamics faced by the model-based RL algorithm. The optimal tracking control of HMASs subject to unknown leader dynamics and communication delays is shown to be solvable under the proposed RL algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of theoretical analysis is verified by numerical simulations.

关键词： heterogeneous multiagent systems HMAS reinforcement learning RL optimal output synchronization communication delays

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Quantifying the weakness of ties with hierarchy-based link centrality

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年

作者： Jianhong MOU Longyun WANG Kang WEN Bitao DAI Suoyi TAN Fredrik LILJEROS Petter HOLME Xin LU College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Department of Sociology Stockholm University Department of Computer Science Aalto University Center for Computational Social Science Kobe University

Quantifying the significance of ties in preserving network connectivity is crucial for identifying weak ties, which often serve as bridges between communities, and for detecting community structures. However, accurately characterizing network connectivity and formalizing the relationship between weak ties and communities remain challenging. In this study, we introduce hierarchy-based link centrality(HLC), a novel metric based on the dissimilarity between the original network and its contracted version, where the terminal nodes of links merge and connect to all their neighbors. This dissimilarity is quantified by variations in the network hierarchy, specifically the nodal distance distributions. In addition to the experiments on weak tie identification and link-based network disintegration, we develop a link-based community detection(LCD) approach that focuses on optimal link ranking to elucidate community structures. Experiments across various networks demonstrate that HLC excels in identifying weak ties, achieving a 2.9% higher accuracy than the second-best metric. It also outperforms others in detecting critical link combinations for network disintegration, reducing the average size of the giant connected component by 7.2% compared to the suboptimal counterpart. Furthermore, HLC enhances community detection, achieving optimal partitioning with an average 5.7% improvement in modularity over five other indices. These results highlight the effectiveness of HLC in quantifying weak ties and suggest broad applications for this innovative approach in network analysis.

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Semantic Segmentation and YOLO Detector over Aerial Vehicle Images

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3315-3332页

作者： Asifa Mehmood Qureshi Abdul Haleem Butt Abdulwahab Alazeb Naif Al Mudawi Mohammad Alonazi Nouf Abdullah Almujally Ahmad Jalal Hui Liu Faculty of Computing and AI Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16273Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Cognitive Systems Lab University of BremenBremen28359Germany

Intelligent vehicle tracking and detection are crucial tasks in the realm of highway ***,vehicles come in a range of sizes,which is challenging to detect,affecting the traffic monitoring system’s overall *** learning is considered to be an efficient method for object detection in vision-based *** this paper,we proposed a vision-based vehicle detection and tracking system based on a You Look Only Once version 5(YOLOv5)detector combined with a segmentation *** model consists of six *** the first step,all the extracted traffic sequence images are subjected to pre-processing to remove noise and enhance the contrast level of the *** pre-processed images are segmented by labelling each pixel to extract the uniform regions to aid the detection phase.A single-stage detector YOLOv5 is used to detect and locate vehicles in *** detection was exposed to Speeded Up Robust Feature(SURF)feature extraction to track multiple *** on this,a unique number is assigned to each vehicle to easily locate them in the succeeding image frames by extracting them using the feature-matching ***,we implemented a Kalman filter to track multiple *** the end,the vehicle path is estimated by using the centroid points of the rectangular bounding box predicted by the tracking *** experimental results and comparison reveal that our proposed vehicle detection and tracking system outperformed other state-of-the-art *** proposed implemented system provided 94.1%detection precision for Roundabout and 96.1%detection precision for Vehicle Aerial Imaging from Drone(VAID)datasets,respectively.

关键词： Semantic segmentation YOLOv5 vehicle detection and tracking Kalman filter SURF

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Multi-Mode Inflow Prediction for Urban Transportation systems 14th

Multi-Mode Inflow Prediction for Urban Transportation System...

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14th International Conference on Frontier Computing, FC 2024

作者： Hung, Chih-Chieh Hung, Min-Hsien Chang, Jia-Wei Department of Management Information Systems National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819623945

Traffic congestion poses significant challenges to modern cities, leading to increased energy use, pollution, and long commute times. Optimizing public transit systems and encouraging their use is an effective solution. However, public transit integrates various modes like subways, buses, and shared bikes, requiring transfers between modes. Therefore, understanding the relationships between modes and accurately predicting passenger flows for each mode is crucial. Accurate predictions enable better capacity allocation, scheduling, and seamless transfers between modes, enhancing accessibility and convenience to attract more riders. Existing multi-modal prediction methods typically focus on station-to-region or region-to-region flows, overlooking station-to-station predictions that can better capture inter-modal relationships and provide fine-grained insights for traffic management. This study proposes a multi-modal framework for MRT and YouBike data that employs a spatial-temporal module to effectively model the spatiotemporal dependencies in the data. Evaluations on real-world datasets demonstrate the framework outperforms benchmark methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Traffic congestion

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