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Design and Analysis of Low Profile Stepped Feedline with Dual Circular Patch MIMO Antenna and Stub Loaded Partial Ground Plane for Wireless Applications

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 140卷 135-144页

作者： Kumar, Praveen Singh, Ajit Kumar Kumar, Ranjeet Mahto, Santosh Kumar Pal, Pravesh Sinha, Rashmi Choubey, Arvind Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Jharkhand Jamshedpur831014 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Jharkhand Ranchi834010 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology West Bengal Durgapur713209 India Jalan Hang Tuah Jaya Melaka Durian Tunggal76100 Malaysia

A wideband, dual-element MIMO antenna operating in 2.83–7.21 GHz frequency bands is presented in this study. The proposed design consists of a stub-loaded partial ground plane and a stepped feedline with a dual circle-shaped radiator on top. The designed MIMO antenna operates from 2.83 to 7.21 GHz, covering the C band (4–8 GHz) and 5G (sub-6 GHz) applications. The peak gain observed is 4.8 dBi at 6.2 GHz, with a maximum efficiency of 92% at 3.2 GHz. The minimum port isolation and ECC over the bands 2.83–7.21 are observed as 22 dB and 0.003, respectively. To achieve the best outcome, a parametric analysis of the proposed antenna is also simulated. Various diversity characteristic metrics, including diversity gain (DG), mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), channel capacity loss (CCL), and ergodic channel capacity (CC), are thoroughly analyzed to determine how well the MIMO antenna performs in terms of diversity. In all operating bands, the measured values provide good agreement with simulation results, indicating a strong candidacy for operation in the investigated bands. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microwave antennas

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A Reinforcement Learning Based Approach to Partition Testing

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计算机科学技术学报（英文版） 2025年第1期40卷 99-118页

作者：孙昌爱肖明俊代贺鹏刘淮 1School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 2Department of Computing Technologies Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia

Partition testing is one of the most fundamental and popularly used software testing *** first di-vides the input domain of the program under test into a set of disjoint partitions,and then creates test cases based on these *** by the theory of software cybernetics,some strategies have been proposed to dynamically se-lect partitions based on the feedback information gained during *** basic intuition of these strategies is to assign higher probabilities to those partitions with higher fault-detection potentials,which are judged and updated mainly ac-cording to the previous test *** a feedback-driven mechanism can be considered as a learning process—it makes decisions based on the observations acquired in the test ***,advanced learning techniques could be leveraged to empower the smart partition selection,with the purpose of further improving the effectiveness and efficiency of partition *** this paper,we particularly leverage reinforcement learning to enhance the state-of-the-art adaptive partition testing *** algorithms,namely RLAPT_Q and RLAPT_S,have been developed to implement the proposed *** studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach based on seven object programs with 26 *** experimental results show that our approach outperforms the existing partition testing techniques in terms of the fault-detection capability as well as the overall testing *** study demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of reinforcement learning in advancing the performance of software testing.

关键词： partition testing reinforcement learning temporal-difference learning intelligent software engineering

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An Intelligent Agent Based Optimal Scheduling & Congestion Free Routing Scheme to Enhance QoS of NFV Enabled Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network Framework 15

An Intelligent Agent Based Optimal Scheduling & Congestion F...

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15th International Conference on Computing communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Prathap, C. Sivaranjani, S. Sathya, M. Prabhakaran Rajalakshmi, J. Kavin Kumar, K. Gokulchandrasekaran NadarSaraswathi College of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Theni India SethuInstituteofTechnology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Virudhnagar India Nadar Saraswathi College of Engineering and Technology Department of Information Technology Theni India Nandha Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Erode India Sethu Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Virudhunagar India Kongu Engineering College Perundurai Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Erode638060 India Karpagam Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

In wireless sensor network (WSN), congestion is regarded as an unavoidable issue as of today's scenario at which the data traffic is increased to their aggregated channel capacity. This results in the consequence of buffer overflowing which leads to packets drop thereby reducing packet delivery ratio and degrades network throughput. Also, routing is the most favored approaches for the minimization of nodes energy consumption and the enhancement of Heterogeneous WSNs throughput. Since, the problem of routing has been proved to be an NP-hard, it has been realized that optimization-based technique offers better performance. For solving these issues, this paper proposes a congestion free optimal routing scheme based on Genetic algorithm-based distance aware-Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (GADA-LEACH) protocol to predict intelligent agent path. The major intention of this work is to enhance the efficiency of energy and QoS (throughput and delay) in edge-cloud based IoT environment of data transmission. Initially, the system model is initialized and the graph construction is made for the process of clustering using Spectral graph theory (SGT) at which the cluster head (CH) selection is made. Then, the scheduling process is carried by means of Packet weighted based ensemble optimization scheduling (PW-EOS) scheme. The NFV enabled optimal edge node is selected using Reconfigured Cuckoo Search optimizer (RCSO) after which the intelligent agent moving path in the Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) are predicted by GADA-LEACH technique. From this, an effective routing path is determined among CH and an optimized Edge node. Eventually, the performance assessment is carried in terms of throughput, energy consumption, survival rate, PDR, End-to-End delay and the outcomes conquered are compared with existing methods to attest the proficiency of proposed scheme. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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FA-FENet: A Feature Attention Front-End Network Based on a Lightweight CNN Architecture for Recognizing Abnormal Underwater Illegal Fishing Behavior

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 87753-87776页

作者： Huang, Xiang-Rui Chen, Liang-Bi National Penghu University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Penghu880011 Taiwan National Penghu University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Penghu880011 Taiwan

In the past decade, studies on illegal fishing have neglected to consider illegal underwater fishing. Traditionally, supervisor-based methods have been used to manually interpret underwater behavior;however, existing artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) methods are not applicable to illegal underwater fishing. Therefore, in this study, we used a computer vision AI method to perform the challenging task of illegal underwater fishing image recognition. Illegal underwater fishing images have unclear features and high feature similarity. In this study, we define normal underwater travel as wearing diving clothing. Abnormal underwater behavior includes underwater personnel with illegal fishing equipment. Herein, we propose a feature attention front-end network (FA-FENet), a novel end-to-end convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that differs from previous methods in that it allows flexible integration with various backbone networks. The front end of the backbone network can be directly replaced to improve the learning efficiency and performance of the proposed network. The convolutional layers in our proposed FA-FENet include dilated convolutions, group convolutions, padded convolutions, pooling layers, and activation functions. We also comprehensively review the performance of the proposed FA-FENet. A series of ablation studies demonstrate that the proposed FA-FENet can be applied in shallow backbone networks. In addition, FA-FENet has potential in emerging networks with good performance in illegal underwater fishing identification tasks. Finally, we conducted experiments with an underwater fishing behavior dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms recently reported methods with attention mechanisms. Specifically, FA-FENet-RegNet achieves an accuracy of 88.81%, FA-FENet-ResNet18 reaches 78.32%, and FA-FENet-ShuffleNetV2 attains 80.41%. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Secure and Efficient Data Synchronization Techniques for Digital Twins in Fog-Edge Cloud Environments 7

Secure and Efficient Data Synchronization Techniques for Dig...

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7th International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies, ICICT 2024

作者： Jegadeesan, S. Hayvita, R.K. Nishath, A.G. Ramalakshmi, S. Krishnan, R. Santhana Essaki Muthu, A. Velammal College of Engineering And Technology Department of Information Technology Madurai India Scad College of Engineering And Technology Department of Computer Science And Engineering Cheranmahadevi India Scad College of Engineering And Technology Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering Cheranmahadevi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359299

Data synchronization is a critical aspect in the deployment of Digital Twins within Fog-Edge Cloud environments, ensuring consistency and reliability across distributed systems. However, the security and efficiency of synchronization techniques remain significant challenges. The paper presents a novel algorithm named TwinCrypt, which is designed based on the combination of appropriate encryption algorithm called as Homomorphic Encryption and suitable computing mechanism scheme called as Secure Multi-Party Computation. The algorithm is aimed to achieve secure and efficient data synchronization for Digital Twins in Fog-Edge Cloud environments. The proposed algorithm aims to address vulnerabilities associated with data transmission and storage, offering robust protection against unauthorized access and data breaches. The performance effectiveness of TwinCrypt is analysed by conducting suitable simulations and the simulation results are compared with are conducted comparing it with the existing algorithms used for data synchronization viz. RSA Encryption, AES Encryption, and Zero-Knowledge Proofs in similar environments. Simulation metrics such as latency, throughput, and security overhead are employed to assess the performance of TwinCrypt against its counterparts. The results establish that TwinCrypt outperforms existing algorithms in both security and efficiency, showcasing its suitability for real- world deployment scenarios. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fog computing

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A Review on Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare: Why, How, and When?

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第4期5卷 1429-1442页

作者： Bharati, Subrato Mondal, M. Rubaiyat Hossain Podder, Prajoy Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Institute of Information and Communication Technology Dhaka1205 Bangladesh Concordia University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MontrealQCH3G 1M8 Canada

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly finding applications in the field of medicine. Concerns have been raised about the explainability of the decisions that are made by these AI models. In this article, we give a systematic analysis of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), with a primary focus on models that are currently being used in the field of healthcare. The literature search is conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses standards for relevant work published from 1 January 2012 to 2 February 2022. The review analyzes the prevailing trends in XAI and lays out the major directions in which research is headed. We investigate the why, how, and when of the uses of these XAI models and their implications. We present a comprehensive examination of XAI methodologies as well as an explanation of how a trustworthy AI can be derived from describing AI models for healthcare fields. The discussion of this work will contribute to the formalization of the XAI field. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Kernel Based Fuzzy Simulation Model for Early Detection of Cancer to Avoid Metastasis 3

Kernel Based Fuzzy Simulation Model for Early Detection of C...

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3rd IEEE International Conference of Electron Devices Society Kolkata Chapter, EDKCON 2024

作者： Santra, Soumen Majumdar, Dipankar Mandal, Surajit Deyasi, Arpan Techno International New Town Department of Computer Application Kolkata India RCC Institute of information Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kolkata India B. P. Poddar Institute of Management & Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kolkata India RCC Institute of Information Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374643

In this paper, novel cancer detection method using Kernel Based Fuzzy Simulation Model (KBFSM) represented with enhanced accuracy of 12%, considering MRI based breast cancer images. Developed framework, as suggested in this paper, Effectiveness and superiority of the suggested approach are proven by thorough testing on a variety of datasets and thorough assessment metrics, highlighting its capacity to produce accurate and nuanced segmentation results. Fuzzification and defuzzification of images using Fuzzy C means algorithm, speaks in favor of the proposed analysis, as tested over several dataset, owing to minute pixel intensity modification when associated with malignant tissues. Result is supported by histogram analysis, which paves the way of future research in the field of lung cancer using the same technique. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Offshore Software Maintenance Outsourcing Process Model Validation:A Case Study Approach

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5035-5048页

作者： Atif Ikram Masita Abdul Jalil Amir Bin Ngah Adel Sulaiman Muhammad Akram Ahmad Salman Khan Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics University Malaysia TerengganuKuala TerengganuMalaysia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan

The successful execution and management of Offshore Software Maintenance Outsourcing(OSMO)can be very beneficial for OSMO vendors and the OSMO *** a lot of research on software outsourcing is going on,most of the existing literature on offshore outsourcing deals with the outsourcing of software development *** frameworks have been developed focusing on guiding software systemmanagers concerning offshore software ***,none of these studies delivered comprehensive guidelines for managing the whole process of *** is a considerable lack of research working on managing OSMO from a vendor’s ***,to find the best practices for managing an OSMO process,it is necessary to further investigate such complex and multifaceted phenomena from the vendor’s *** study validated the preliminary OSMO process model via a case study research *** results showed that the OSMO process model is applicable in an industrial setting with few *** industrial data collected during the case study enabled this paper to extend the preliminary OSMO process *** refined version of the OSMO processmodel has four major phases including(i)Project Assessment,(ii)SLA(iii)Execution,and(iv)Risk.

关键词： Offshore outsourcing process model model validation vendor challenges case study

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Deploying Hybrid Ensemble Machine Learning Techniques for Effective Cross-Site Scripting(XSS)Attack Detection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 707-748页

作者： Noor Ullah Bacha Songfeng Lu Attiq Ur Rehman Muhammad Idrees Yazeed Yasin Ghadi Tahani Jaser Alahmadi School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430073China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain12555Abu Dhabi Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia

Cross-Site Scripting(XSS)remains a significant threat to web application security,exploiting vulnerabilities to hijack user sessions and steal sensitive *** detection methods often fail to keep pace with the evolving sophistication of cyber *** paper introduces a novel hybrid ensemble learning framework that leverages a combination of advanced machine learning algorithms—Logistic Regression(LR),Support Vector Machines(SVM),eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),Categorical Boosting(CatBoost),and Deep Neural Networks(DNN).Utilizing the XSS-Attacks-2021 dataset,which comprises 460 instances across various real-world trafficrelated scenarios,this framework significantly enhances XSS attack *** approach,which includes rigorous feature engineering and model tuning,not only optimizes accuracy but also effectively minimizes false positives(FP)(0.13%)and false negatives(FN)(0.19%).This comprehensive methodology has been rigorously validated,achieving an unprecedented accuracy of 99.87%.The proposed system is scalable and efficient,capable of adapting to the increasing number of web applications and user demands without a decline in *** demonstrates exceptional real-time capabilities,with the ability to detect XSS attacks dynamically,maintaining high accuracy and low latency even under significant ***,despite the computational complexity introduced by the hybrid ensemble approach,strategic use of parallel processing and algorithm tuning ensures that the system remains scalable and performs robustly in real-time *** for easy integration with existing web security systems,our framework supports adaptable Application Programming Interfaces(APIs)and a modular design,facilitating seamless augmentation of current *** innovation represents a significant advancement in cybersecurity,offering a scalable and effective solution for securing modern web applications against evolving threats.

关键词： Cross-site scripting machine learning XSS detection stacking ensemble learning hybrid learning

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Air quality and dust level monitoring systems in hospitals using IoT

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Discover Internet of Things 2025年第1期5卷 1-18页

作者： Parkavi, A. Sowmya, B.J. Alex, Sini Anna Supreeth, S. Shruthi, G. Rohith, S. Chatterjee, Sudipta Lingaraj, K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru560054 India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru560054 India Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru560054 India School of Computer Science and Engineering REVA University Bengaluru560064 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Nagarjuna College of Engineering and Technology Bengaluru562164 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Brainware University Barasat West Bengal Kolkata700125 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rao Bahadur Y. Mahabaleswarappa Engineering College Bellary583104 India

This system provides a comprehensive overview of hospital environments by tracking air quality, dust, temperature, and humidity simultaneously, offering a more complete picture of indoor conditions than systems that focus on fewer parameters. The use of IoT technology enables real-time monitoring and alerts, allowing hospital staff to respond immediately to any issues. Additionally, predictive analytics anticipate future changes, giving staff time to take preventive measures. The integration with a mobile app and cloud-based data storage ensures easy access to data, convenient monitoring, and the ability to scale the system across multiple hospital facilities, catering specifically to the unique needs of different healthcare environments. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Indoor air pollution

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