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1st Zimbabwe Conference of Information and communication Technologies, ZCICT 2022

作者： Panganai, Marvelous Alexander Nyandoro, Leslie Kudzai Zvarevashe, Kudakwashe University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Computer Engineering Informatics and Communication Analytics and Informatics Department Harare Zimbabwe

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475761

Drowsiness and fatigue are the major reasons for triggering serious and severe road crashes in Zimbabwe and the whole world at large. The developments in technology in recent years brought support and backing to drivers using intelligent automobile systems. Several research studies used datasets of a single driver for training and testing. Some as well used mainly day time images for training and testing the models. Therefore, fatigue and drowsiness is a key possible field of study to prevent numerous number of sleep induced road crashes. In this paper, two methods of feature extraction were proposed which are the MLP (Multilayer - Perceptron), the CNN (Convolutional Neural Network). The PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method was used for dimensionality reduction. Based on these methods, five classifiers where used to detect drowsiness on the driver. The five classifiers used where the LDA, XGBoost, LR, Decision Tree and the K-Nearest neighbors. Experiments were done in order to examine the capacity and usefulness of the approaches contrasted with other techniques. Experimental outcomes demonstrate that the feature extraction technique of CNN provided high accuracy on the five classifiers. The KNN was the average best classifier with a 100% accuracy. Experimental results indicated that the PCA improved the classifiers. This study delivers important and significant answers in practice to curb motor vehicle crashes due to drowsiness. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Quadratic Weighted Kappa Score Exploration in Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Classification Using EfficientNet 1

Quadratic Weighted Kappa Score Exploration in Diabetic Retin...

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1st Zimbabwe Conference of Information and communication Technologies, ZCICT 2022

作者： Chivinge, Lincoln Nyandoro, Leslie Kudzai Zvarevashe, Kudakwashe University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Computer Engineering Informatics and Communication Analytics and Informatics Department Harare Zimbabwe

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475761

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), chronic progressive disease of the eye, may give rise to permanent sight loss. Clinicians use fundus pictures to check if DR is present and rely on physicians to diagnose the stage or severity by visual inspection of the images. In relying on a clinician's subjective prognosis, this is deemed a procedure that takes a lot of time and susceptible to misjudgements. In discovering DR, poor Quadratic Weighted Kappa (QWK) scores have resulted from poor quality of pictures and imbalanced distribution of classes. Even though studies have shown high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and ROC metrics, their limitation is that they do not consider the level of disparity across the classified labels. The QWK score demonstrates that even if an algorithm presents high accuracy, it is still not best fit to classify DR into its 5 classes. Many researchers have tried fine-tuning the neural network to create noise-resistant deep learning and recorded high accuracy and sensitivity but low QWK scores. The problem with the other methods is mainly pre-processing of the images and model building patterns. Most of the studied literature lacks the image augmentation step which might lead to an erroneous result. This research aims to create an algorithm from deep learning models with a data augmentation step and demonstrate how important it is for attaining better QWK scores for all stages of diabetic retinopathy. The model met study objectives and obtained an accuracy of 93% and a QWK score of 0.961. The outcomes show that the method can make accurate predictions without need for human feature extraction and that it may be used as an early DR diagnostic and staging screening tool. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Diagnosis

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A novel U-net model for brain tumor segmentation from MRI images

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Alexandria engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 220-230页

作者： Obayya, Marwa Alshuhail, Asma Mahmood, Khalid Alanazi, Meshari H. Alqahtani, Mohammed Aljehane, Nojood O. Almansour, Hamad Al-Hagery, Mohammed Abdullah Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University PO Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology King Faisal university Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Applied College at Mahayil King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Information System and Cyber Security College of Computing and Information Technology University of Bisha Bisha61922 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Technology University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Applied Collage Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Qassim University Saudi Arabia

Segmentation of brain tumors aids in diagnosing the disease early, planning treatment, and monitoring its progression in medical image analysis. Automation is necessary to eliminate the time and variability associated with traditional segmentation methods. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and U-Net architectures have demonstrated their efficiency and effectiveness in segmenting brain tumors from MRI images using deep learning techniques. The paper presents an improved U-Net-based segmentation algorithm that integrates nested skip paths to improve encoder-decoder feature fusion. The performance of segmentation was optimized by utilizing a variety of activation functions and loss functions, including Dice Loss and Intersection over Union (IoU). A high level of accuracy was demonstrated in the proposed model when it was evaluated using the LGG Segmentation Dataset. The proposed approach for segmenting medical images has been shown to be both robust and efficient in a comparative analysis. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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PAPR Reduction in MIMO-OFDM using Nonlinear Inertia Weight Factor of Whale Optimization Algorithm 2

PAPR Reduction in MIMO-OFDM using Nonlinear Inertia Weight F...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits and communication systems, ICICACS 2024

作者： Habelalmateen, Mohammed I. Archana Reddy, R. Reddy, Chetana Nagarjuna, N. Pradeep Kumar, S. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Parit Raja Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Johor Batu Pahat Malaysia The Islamic University College of Technical Engineering Department of Computer Technical Engineering Najaf Iraq Sr University School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Telangana India Oxford College of Engineering Department of Electronics and Communication Bangalore India Cvr College of Engineering Department of Csit Hyderabad India Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317558

In the landscape of optimization for mitigating the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems, prevalent techniques like the tone reservation scheme and l-norm Cyclic Algorithm (LNCA) algorithm grapple with inherent challenges linked to computational complexity and iterative algorithm derivation. While strides have been made with models such as Twin Symbol Hybrid Optimization by the premise of Partial Transmit Sequence (TSHO-PTS) and Advanced Switching Differential Evolution (ASDE), persistent concerns related to symbol overlaps and algorithmic limitations underscore the need for further refinement in computational efficiency within OFDM-based communication systems. In response to these challenges, the proposed Nonlinear Inertia Weight Factor within the Whale Optimization Algorithm (NIWF-WOA) emerges as a solution. Comparative analysis against existing methods like LCNA, Modified Dragonfly Optimization algorithm (MDOA), TSHO-PTS, and ASDE reveals the superior performance of NIWF-WOA. Numerical validation affirms its efficacy, with a recorded in Bit Error Rate (BER) of 10-2.5, SNR 10-3.4 and PAPR of.10-4.2, underscoring the substantial improvement achieved by NIWF-WOA in optimizing PAPR reduction for MIMO-OFDM systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Landscape of optimization MIMO-OFDM system Non-linear weight factor Peak to Average Power Ratio Whale optimization

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An empirical intelligent water irrigation system using soft computing and IoT

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第6期16卷 3983-3989页

作者： Patel, Warish Sangeetha, Y. Gopagoni, Deepa Rani Mallik, D. M. Arvind Agrawal, Rakshal Mishra, Saket Sunil, M.P. Kolandaisamy, Raenu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Parul University Gujarat India Department of Information Technology VR Siddhartha Engineering College Andhra Pradesh Vijayawada India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vardhaman College of Engineering Hyderabad India PES Institute of Technology and Management Karnataka Shivamogga India Department of Industrial Engineering Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management Maharashtra Nagpur India Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Business and Technology Chitkara Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Karnataka Bengaluru India Institute of Computer Science and Digital Innovation UCSI University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Water loss from fruit and vegetable production is mostly caused by leakage in the transportation system and handling of land, as well as by using traditional processing techniques. In order to increase the wellness of plants, save power, and optimize consumption of water, information should be widely applied in designing intelligent irrigation systems, which is possible with the help of the Internet of Things (IoT). In the given paper, an IoT-based soft computing recommendation framework is proposed for performing irrigation in a smarter way. The system works in such a way that IoT devices are positioned in the field to gather information about crops and groundwater levels. The acquired data is then fed to a cloud repository, which makes use of soft computing techniques such as neural networks for analysing and providing effective recommendations to farmers on their smartphones. In this way, the framework is tuned and the farmers are also updated from time to time regarding judicious irrigation processes. Lastly, the performance of the proposed system is validated against traditional techniques by taking crop datasets into consideration. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Efficient water management Intelligent devices IoT Smart irrigation Soft computing

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Information Technology Readiness and Success In Sustainable Ecotourism Implementation

Information Technology Readiness and Success In Sustainable ...

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2023 International Conference on Informatics, Multimedia, Cyber and Information systems, ICIMCIS 2023

作者： Hartawan, Muhammad Syarif Maharani, Maya Dewi Dyah Krisnanik, Erly Rahman, Aedah Abd Krinadwipayana University Faculty of Engineering Jakarta Indonesia Sahid University Faculty of Environmental Engineering Jakarta Indonesia Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta Computer Science Faculty Departement Information System Jakarta Indonesia Asia e University Departement Information and Communication Technology Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350307306

The use of information technology plays an important and necessary role in the development of ecotourism institutional. Likewise, if the development and progress of information technology can be applied to the small and medium businesses related to the ecotourism industry then, the selling value of the ecotourism industry will develop and increase. This research was conducted to determine the level of readiness of the ecotourism industry in carrying out the sustainable implementation of information technology in managing the ecotourism industry. We developed a research model by combining and adapting the technology readiness model and the successful information technology development model for the development of the ecotourism industry in six ecotourism units in Indonesia. This quantitative study involved 300 SME workers and managers. Data was processed and analyzed using the Multi Dimensional Scaling method, with descriptive data entered into a spreadsheet application. According to the analysis performed for this study, the sustainability index value was 53.11%, which is in the range of (50-74.99) percent or is fairly sustainable. The leverage attribute refers to the use of social media to promote wild products in the ecotourism sector. Wild products are goods or services that are produced without causing environmental harm. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Human resource management

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Securing Medical Data in Cloud-Based IoT Networks Using Deep Learning Techniques 4

Securing Medical Data in Cloud-Based IoT Networks Using Deep...

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4th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Intelligent Information systems, ICUIS 2024

作者： Saranya, K. Valarmathi, A. Tiruchirappalli Anna University Faculty of Information and Communication Engineering UCE-BIT Campus Chennai India Tiruchirappalli Anna University Department of Computer Applications UCE-BIT Campus Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529635

The way sensitive medical data is created and sent to cloud-based platforms has been completely transformed by the growing use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the healthcare industry. Even with these developments, protecting the privacy and accuracy of medical records is still quite difficult. The diagnosis of diseases using medical data has become increasingly important as medical technology has advanced. It is common for medical data to move via the branches of the network from one end to the other. As a result, a high degree of security is required. Problems arise when the image data is used without authorization. One of the finest methods for securing data in an image is encryption, which uses confusion and diffusion. To address this, our study suggests a novel approach to improve medical data security by incorporating confusion and diffusion method. This feature immediately addresses issues related to unauthorized access by guaranteeing the privacy of medical records both during transmission and storage. Identifying and reducing possible security risks is greatly aided by deep learning algorithms, particularly RNN for stroke and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (Xception model) for skin cancer photos. Our study broadens its scope to include secure and predictive analytics on medical data in the suggested system. Several metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, confusion metrics, AUC, PSNR, and MSE, are used in this study to assess prediction models. This all-encompassing strategy improves the security of medical data while simultaneously enhancing predictive analytics' potential to improve patient care and results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Improving the review classification of Google apps using combined feature embedding and deep convolutional neural network model

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第4期14卷 4257-4272页

作者： Aslam, Naila Alzamzami, Ohoud Xia, Kewen Sadiq, Saima Umer, Muhammad Bisogni, Carmen Ashraf, Imran School of Electronics and Information Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan Department of Computer Science Information Technology The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of Salerno Fisciano Italy Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Korea Republic of

Online reviews play an integral part in making mobile applications stand out from the large number of applications available on the Google Play store. Predominantly, users consider posted reviews for appropriate app selection. Manual categorization of such reviews is both inefficient and time-consuming. Therefore, automatic analysis of the sentiments of such reviews provides fast suggestions for new users and facilitates their selection of the appropriate app. However, data imbalance is a major challenge for performing class prediction of such reviews as their distribution is sparse and often leads to low accuracy. This work proposes a framework to overcome this limitation. Extensive experiments are performed using the original and balanced data with the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) and adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN). Additionally, deep learning and machine learning models are evaluated using FastText, FastText Subword, global vector (GloVe), and their combinations for word representation. Baseline machine learning models, including random forest, extra tree classifier, gradient boosting, Naive Bayes, logistic regression (LR), stochastic gradient descent (SGD), and voting classifier (VC) that combines LR and SGD, are used for comparison. The outcomes show that the convolutional neural network using a combination of word embedding techniques produces the most accurate results. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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RHC-Based systematic Design of a Wide-Angle Periodic Coded THz Reflectarray 11

RHC-Based Systematic Design of a Wide-Angle Periodic Coded T...

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11th International Symposium on Telecommunication, IST 2024

作者： Yousefi, Pezhman Khajeh, Ali Yahaghi, Alireza Hosseini, Keyhan Polytechnic University of Bari Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Via Orabona 4 Bari70125 Italy Shiraz University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shiraz71946 Iran University of Kurdistan Faculty of Engineering Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kurdistan Sanandaj66177 Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356250

A reflectarray designed by Random Hill Climbing (RHC) optimization process is demonstrated and simulated. On the basis of top layer effect on reflection phase and exploiting the relation between phase distribution and the direction of the reflected beam, six pixelated subcells are optimized for two incident angle waves simultaneously. The far field plot shows that for beams of incident angles 19.471° and 41.81° and in the precincts of them the reflectarray deflects the incident waves into reflections close to normal to the reflectarray surface. This shows a proximate independency of incident wave angle for the reflectarray in a certain angular range. The proposed cells provide 342° reflection phase range. Also, the reflection loss of the cell for the incident angles 19.471° and 41.81° are -1.9 dB and -1.4 dB, respectively. The pattern gain and fractional bandwidth for a finite reflectarray of size 300 λ x 150 λ are reported to be 19.44 dB and 25% for the incident angle 19.471°, and 19.17 dB and 30% for the incident angle 41.81°. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Reflection

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Innovative fusion of VGG16, MobileNet, EfficientNet, AlexNet, and ResNet50 for MRI-based brain tumor identification

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Iran Journal of computer Science 2024年第1期8卷 185-215页

作者： Kia, Marjan Sadeghi, Soroush Safarpour, Homayoun Kamsari, Mohammadreza Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi, Saeid Ranjbarzadeh, Ramin Department of Business Information System Business Analysis (ISBA) Park University Parkville United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Software Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary Faculty of Electrical Engineering Malek-Ashtar University of Technology(MUT) Esfahan Iran Faculty of Industrial Engineering Urmia University of Technology Urmia Iran School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Computing Dublin City University Dublin Ireland

This study presents a novel approach for brain MRI classification by integrating multiple state-of-the-art deep learning (DL) architectures, including VGG16, EfficientNet, MobileNet, AlexNet, and ResNet50, with an attention mechanism. The primary objective was to accurately detect the presence or absence of brain tumors—a critical challenge in medical diagnosis. The methodology was validated on a comprehensive dataset comprising 3264 brain MRI scans, systematically divided into training, validation, and testing subsets. Preprocessing techniques tailored for MRI data were employed to enhance input quality. Each model was initially developed and evaluated individually to establish a performance baseline before their integration. The proposed ensemble technique capitalized on the complementary strengths of these models to enhance classification accuracy and robustness. The inclusion of an attention mechanism further refined the models by emphasizing critical regions in the MRI scans, thereby boosting predictive performance. In addition, data augmentation techniques were applied to mitigate overfitting and increase dataset resilience. Performance metrics, including precision, accuracy, and recall, demonstrated significant improvements across all evaluations, particularly for the models incorporating the attention mechanism. These findings highlight the potential of combining advanced DL architectures with attention mechanisms as a promising strategy for precise and reliable brain tumor classification in MRI scans. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： AlexNet Attention mechanism Brain tumor classification MobileNet ResNet50

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