The acknowledgment strategy has great potential to increase the TCP throughput when it runs over 802.11 MAC protocol. In particular, TCP acknowledgments carry out an extensive number of medium accesses as they compete...
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(纸本)9780769534282
The acknowledgment strategy has great potential to increase the TCP throughput when it runs over 802.11 MAC protocol. In particular, TCP acknowledgments carry out an extensive number of medium accesses as they compete in the same route as data packets for media. As the load increases, the well-known hidden terminal effects caused by interference between ACK and data packets in MAC layer can degrade TCP performance dramatically if TCP acknowledges every incoming data packets. In this paper a dynamic TCP-MAC interaction strategy has been proposed which tries to reduce the number of induced ACKs by monitoring the channel condition. To this end, the total collision probability collected along the path from sender to receiver in MAC layer has been used to properly set the number of delayed ACKs (DA) in TCP. Based on the measured collision probability, TCP sender dynamically adjusts itself to the channel condition by delaying less ACKs in high traffics and more in low traffic conditions. The simulation results show a throughput improvement up to 15% over the existing method called dynamic adaptive acknowledgment (TCP-DAA) and much more over the regular TCP in the scenarios dealing with a dynamic loss rate.
This paper present the results and performance of angle diversity for direction of arrival OOA) setup. The 4x4 Butler Matrix was been used at transmitter and receiver sides. The 2x2 rectangular patches have been used ...
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In the last few years, demand for high speed internet access service has increased greatly so the IEEE 802.16 working group on broadband wireless access (BWA) is developing the worldwide interoperability for microwave...
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In the last few years, demand for high speed internet access service has increased greatly so the IEEE 802.16 working group on broadband wireless access (BWA) is developing the worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) standard for wireless metropolitan area networks (MANs) which aims to provide broadband wireless last mile access, easy deployment, and high speed data rate for large spanning area. This paper propose an efficient routing and collision free centralized scheduling (CS) algorithms using single channel single transceiver system in WiMAX mesh network, which introduces the cross layer concept between the network layer and media access controller (MAC) layer. The proposed approach has improved the system performance in the aspects of scheduling length, channel utilization ratio (CUR), and the throughput of the system.
In this paper, we are proposing a detection scheme known as spectral direct detection technique implemented with fiber bragg grating (FBG) act as encoder/decoder. This FBG based is used to encode and decode the spectr...
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In this paper, we are proposing a detection scheme known as spectral direct detection technique implemented with fiber bragg grating (FBG) act as encoder/decoder. This FBG based is used to encode and decode the spectral amplitude coding namely modified double weight (MDW) code in optical code division multiple access (OCDMA). This code is used due to its flexibility where its weight can be any even number that greater than two. Moreover, it can maintain the cross-correlation parameter equal to one. The performance of spectral direct detection technique against AND-subtraction technique which is both implemented with FBG based encoder/decoder is compared via simulation in downstream and upstream access network at point to multipoint (P2MP) configuration. The simulation will be carried out using Optisystem version 6.0 and the performance is characterized through bit error rate (BER) and power received at various bit rate.
Embodied Conversational Agents (EGAs) are life-like computer generated characters that interact with human users in face-to-face multi-modal conversations. ECA systems are generally complex and difficult for individua...
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Multimedia over IP (MOIP) is one of IP-based realtime communication that has been gaining popularity in recent years. Quality-of-service (QoS) is still one of the major challenges in real-time communication over IP ne...
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Multimedia over IP (MOIP) is one of IP-based realtime communication that has been gaining popularity in recent years. Quality-of-service (QoS) is still one of the major challenges in real-time communication over IP networks. Excessive delay severely impairs communication interactivity, while packet loss results in glitches in audio and poor picture quality and frozen frames in video. In this paper, we perform a survey of the existing active transmission technique. We list out several features and functionalities for research continuity in this area.
In the context of cognitive radio the cooperative spectrum sensing has been proposed to overcome the problem associated with the local sensing for example the hidden node problem due to noise uncertainty, fading, and ...
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Reducing energy consumption is a critical issue in the design of battery-powered embedded systems to prolong battery life. With dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) processors, energy consumption can be reduced efficiently b...
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Reducing energy consumption is a critical issue in the design of battery-powered embedded systems to prolong battery life. With dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) processors, energy consumption can be reduced efficiently by making appropriate decisions on the processor speed/voltage during the scheduling of real time tasks. This paper addresses the problem of energy efficient real-time task scheduling over earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling policy where the tasks are dependent due to shared resources. Furthermore, the paper proposes enhancements over the existing multi-speed (MS) algorithm where the proposed algorithm achieves more energy saving and has the capability to function with both stack resource policy (SRP) and dynamic priority ceiling protocol (DPCP) as resource access protocols.
Face recognition is one of the most intensively studied topics in the field of computer vision and pattern recognition. Facial expression, which changes face geometry, usually has an adverse effect on the performance ...
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Face recognition is one of the most intensively studied topics in the field of computer vision and pattern recognition. Facial expression, which changes face geometry, usually has an adverse effect on the performance of a face recognition system. Also, the appearance of a face image is usually affected by illumination conditions that hinder the automatic face recognition process. In this paper, we propose a robust expression and illumination invariant preprocessing technique for face recognition. We propose a new wavelet based method to eliminate the effect of expression variation and combine this method with an existing DCT based method for illumination normalization. Experimental results on the Yale database show that the proposed approach improves the face recognition rates.
In this paper, we propose a new medium access control (MAC) protocol for wireless sensor networks for environmental monitoring applications. The proposed MAC scheme is specifically designed for wireless sensor network...
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In this paper, we propose a new medium access control (MAC) protocol for wireless sensor networks for environmental monitoring applications. The proposed MAC scheme is specifically designed for wireless sensor networks which have periodic traffic with different sampling rates. In our protocol design, only sink can start and maintain synchronization and also determine the time schedule for all other nodes in the network. We discuss the design of TA-PDC-MAC protocol and provide a comparison with the previous PDC-MAC protocol through simulation. Under different traffic generation rate, our protocol outperforms the previous one in terms of energy consumption, packet loss rate and packet delay.
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