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2004 International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing

作者： Zhou, Zheng-Yu Meng, Helen Human-Computer Communications Laboratory Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)0780386787

This paper proposes two methods for identifying recognition error. The first method is a two-level schema [1]- given the recognition hypothesis of an utterance, an utterance classifier (UC) is first applied to decide if the hypothesis is error-free or erroneous;followed by a word classifier (WC) which is applied to each word hypothesis in the erroneous utterance to decide if the word hypothesis is a misrecognition. The second method is a one-level schema in which a word classifier is applied directly to all word hypotheses to detect word recognition errors. We compare the two methods at both word and utterance levels. Experimental results show that the two methods are comparable in terms of word error detection. However, the two-level schema is very effective in filtering out error-free utterance hypotheses, which offers a key advantage to economize on word error detection. ©2004 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Enhancements on the loss of beacon frames in LR-WPANs

Enhancements on the loss of beacon frames in LR-WPANs

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FTRA 7th International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous engineering, MUE 2013

作者： Park, Ji-Hoon Kim, Byung-Seo Nongshim Data System Korea Republic of Department of Computer and Information Communications Engineering Hongik University Hongik Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9789400767379

In beacon-enabled LR-WPANs, the high reliability of beacon frame transmission is required because all transmissions are controlled by the information in the beacon frame. However, the process for the beacon-loss scenario is not carefully considered in the standard. The method proposed in this paper allows a node not receiving a beacon frame to keep transmit its pending frames only within the minimum period of CAP based on the previously received beacon frame while the standard prevents the node from sending any pending frame during a whole superframe. The method is extensively simulated and proven the enhancements on the performances. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht(Outside the USA).

关键词： Wireless local area networks (WLAN)

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Efficient Coefficient Bit-Width Reduction Method for Ising Machines

Efficient Coefficient Bit-Width Reduction Method for Ising M...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE 2022

作者： Yachi, Yuta Mukasa, Yousuke Tawada, Masashi Togawa, Nozomu Waseda University Department of Computer Science and Communications Engineering Japan Green Computing System Research Organization Waseda University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665441544

Ising machines such as quantum annealing machines and semiconductor-based annealing machines can solve various combinatorial optimization problems very efficiently by transforming it into a data structure called an Ising model. At that time, the bit-widths of the coefficients of the Ising model have to be kept within the range that an Ising machine can deal with. However, by reducing the Ising-model bit-widths, its minimum energy state, or ground state, may become different from that of the original one and hence the targeted combinatorial optimization problem cannot be well solved. This paper proposes an effective method for reducing Ising-model bit-widths. The proposed method is composed of the two processes: First, given an Ising model with large coefficient bit-widths, the shift method is applied to reduce its bit-widths roughly. Second, the spin-adding method is applied to further reduce its bit-widths to those that Ising machines can deal with. Without adding too many extra spins, we efficiently reduce the coefficient bit-widths of the original Ising model. Furthermore, the ground state before and after reducing the coefficient bit-widths is not much changed in most of the practical cases. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, compared to existing methods. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Ising model

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QUBO Matrix Distorting Method for Consumer Applications

QUBO Matrix Distorting Method for Consumer Applications

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE 2022

作者： Yoshimura, Tomokazu Shirai, Tatsuhiko Tawada, Masashi Togawa, Nozomu Waseda University Department of Computer Science and Communications Engineering Japan Green Computing System Research Organization Waseda University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665441544

We propose a Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) matrix distorting method to solve combinatorial optimization problems, which are very often seen in consumer applications, with high speed and high accuracy. Combinatorial optimization problems are formulated as the problems of finding the ground state of the energy function determined by the QUBO matrix. The proposed method consists of the local optimization and the distortion of the energy function by adding a constant to each QUBO matrix element with a certain probability. The probability is initially large, decreased during the method linearly, and zero at the end. The distortion process aims to make a local optimal solution to be no longer a local optimum and avoid staying in the local optimal solution with a probability. We apply the proposed method to the graph partitioning problem as a typical combinatorial optimization problem with many local optimal solutions and large energy barriers among them. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed method against the iterative improvement method and the simulated annealing. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Ising model

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A multiple-channel free-access collision resolution algorithm based connection request procedure for land mobile satellite networks

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE communications 1996年第4期14卷 313-325页

作者： Tan, HH Yan, TY Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California Irvine Irvine CA?92717 U.S.A Communications System Research Section Jet Propulsion Laboratories 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena CA?91109 U.S.A. [*]Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California Irvine Irvine CA?92717 U.S.A

A new binary feedback multiple-channel free-access (MCFA) collision resolution algorithm (CRA) based random-access protocol (RAP) is devised to implement the connection request procedure for demand-assigned channel access protocols in land mobile satellite communications networks. The maximum stable throughput of this protocol is derived and is shown to be superior to a previously devised multiple-channel obvious blocked-access CRA based RAP as well as to slotted ALOHA. The throughput performance is also superior to the previously devised multiple-channel window blocked-access CRA based RAP for four or more channels. An exact analysis of the average packet delay for this MCFA CRA based RAP is given and shown to be in excellent agreement with computer simulation results, The protocol is shown to have smaller average delays than the best single-channel free access CRA based RAPs over a wide range of practically usable throughput rates with reasonable delays. This MCFA CRA based RAP was implemented on a channel request protocol test-bed simulator which incorporates the physical link characteristics of the MSAT-X land mobile satellite system. These testbed simulation results also demonstrate the superiority of this protocol over slotted ALOHA for both error-free channel and mobile facing channel scenarios.

关键词： mobile satellite networks demand assigned protocols collision resolution algorithms

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A design method for minimum cost path of flying probe in-circuit testers

A design method for minimum cost path of flying probe in-cir...

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作者： Hiratsuka, Yuki Katoh, Fumihiko Konishi, Katsumi Shin, Seiichi Department of System Engineering University of Electro- Communications Tokyo Japan Department of Computer Science Kogakuin University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764364

This paper focuses on X-Y type in-circuit testers, which has two flying probes. The problem of finding the ordering of inspection points that minimizes the total time of inspection is an expansion of the travelling salesman problem (TSP). We formulate the problem of finding the minimum traveling cost of flying probes as the 0-1 integer programming, and an algorithm to solve this problem is proposed. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the method. © 2010 SICE.

关键词： Probes

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Methodology, progress and challenges of geoscience knowledge graph in International Big Science Program of Deep-Time Digital Earth

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第5期35卷 1132-1156页

作者： Zhu, Yunqiang Wang, Qiang Wang, Shu Sun, Kai Wang, Xinbing Lv, Hairong Hu, Xiumian Zhang, Jie Wang, Bin Qiu, Qinjun Yang, Jie Zhou, Chenghu State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China Command Center of Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey China Geological Survey Beijing 100055 China School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Deep-time Earth research plays a pivotal role in deciphering the rates, patterns, and mechanisms of Earth’s evolutionary processes throughout geological history, providing essential scientific foundations for climate prediction, natural resource exploration, and sustainable planetary stewardship. To advance Deep-time Earth research in the era of big data and artificial intelligence, the International Union of Geological Sciences initiated the “Deep-time Digital Earth International Big Science Program” (DDE) in 2019. At the core of this ambitious program lies the development of geoscience knowledge graphs, serving as a transformative knowledge infrastructure that enables the integration, sharing, mining, and analysis of heterogeneous geoscience big data. The DDE knowledge graph initiative has made significant strides in three critical dimensions: (1) establishing a unified knowledge structure across geoscience disciplines that ensures consistent representation of geological entities and their interrelationships through standardized ontologies and semantic frameworks;(2) developing a robust and scalable software infrastructure capable of supporting both expert-driven and machine-assisted knowledge engineering for large-scale graph construction and management;(3) implementing a comprehensive three-tiered architecture encompassing basic, discipline-specific, and application-oriented knowledge graphs, spanning approximately 20 geoscience disciplines. Through its open knowledge framework and international collaborative network, this initiative has fostered multinational research collaborations, establishing a robust foundation for next-generation geoscience research while propelling the discipline toward FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) data practices in deep-time Earth systems research. © Science Press 2025.

关键词： Deep-time Digital Earth International Big Science Program deep-time Earth geoscience knowledge graph

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R3 - Rescale, Rotate, and Randomize: A Novel Image Cryptosystem Utilizing Chaotic and Hyper-Chaotic systems

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IEEE Access 2023年 11卷 119284-119312页

作者： Gabr, Mohamed Korayem, Yousef Chen, Yen-Lin Yee, Por Lip Ku, Chin Soon Alexan, Wassim Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology Computer Science Department Cairo11835 Egypt National Taipei University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei106344 Taiwan Universiti Malaya Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer System and Technology Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Department of Computer Science Kampar31900 Malaysia Faculty of Information Engineering and Technology Communications Department Cairo11835 Egypt New Administrative Capital Mathematics Department Cairo13507 Egypt

This work proposes a novel image encryption algorithm that integrates unique image transformation techniques with the principles of chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems. By harnessing the unpredictable behavior of the Chua system and the hyper-chaotic nature of the Chen system, the algorithm carries out rescaling, rotation, and randomization on the target image. The intrinsic unpredictability and sensitivity to initial conditions of these chaotic systems endow the encryption algorithm with an expansive key space of 25208. This feature not only bolsters its resilience against brute-force attacks but also magnifies its overall security profile. The algorithm's efficiency is evident in its rapid computational speed and lean resource consumption, making it suitable for real-time applications. To gauge its robustness, a battery of rigorous tests and analyses, spanning differential attacks, statistical attacks, and brute-force assaults, were employed. The results validate its ability to resist a diverse spectrum of threats. With its expansive key space, exceptional efficiency, and sturdy defenses, the proposed algorithm emerges as a potential cornerstone for safeguarding digital images in arenas like secure communication, data storage, and multimedia transmission. In sum, this research pushes the boundaries of high-security image encryption methodologies, catering to the burgeoning demands of the digital age. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Cryptography

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Comparator Design Resistance Mitigation by using Cadence Virtuoso Tools in 45 Nanometer Process Technology

Comparator Design Resistance Mitigation by using Cadence Vir...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Sensors and Nanotechnology, SENNANO 2023

作者： Syn Yi, Michelle Ang Hussin, Razaidi Rokhani, Fakhrul Zaman University Malaysia Perlis Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Arau Malaysia University Putra Malaysia UPM Department of Computer and Communications System Engineering Serdang Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350333312

This paper presents the resistance mitigation techniques for comparator design. Resistance plays an important role to semiconductor field. If resistance value higher than the design specification value, this might cause the electronic device burning and destroy. This project implements the techniques to mitigate resistance for the comparator design layout which are using multiple metal layers for routing, routing track improvement, increase metal width, increase number of vias and using higher metal layer for routing by using Cadence Virtuoso tools in 45 nanometer process technology. Based on the result, the total percentage for resistance mitigation for using multiple metal layers for routing is 73.66%, routing track improvement is 67.67%, increase metal width is 51.74%, increase number of vias is 50% and using higher metal layer for routing is 18.79%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Comparators (optical)

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Optimization of the Downlink Spectral- and Energy-Efficiency of RIS-aided Multi-user URLLC MIMO systems

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IEEE Transactions on communications 2024年第5期73卷 3497-3513页

作者： Soleymani, Mohammad Santamaria, Ignacio Jorswieck, Eduard Schober, Robert Hanzo, Lajos Universität Paderborn Signal and System Theory Group Germany Universidad de Cantabria Department of Communications Engineering Spain Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute for Communications Technology Braunschweig38106 Germany Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Institute for Digital Communications Erlangen91058 Germany University of Southampton Department of Electronics and Computer Science Southampton United Kingdom

Modern wireless communication systems are expected to provide improved latency and reliability. To meet these expectations,a short packet length is needed,which makes the first-order Shannon rate an inaccurate performance metric for such communication systems. A more accurate approximation of the achievable rates of finite-block-length (FBL) coding regimes is known as the normal approximation (NA). It is therefore of substantial interest to study the optimization of the FBL rate in multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems,in which each user may transmit and/or receive multiple data streams. Hence,we formulate a general optimization problem for improving the spectral and energy efficiency of multi-user MIMO-aided ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) systems,which are assisted by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs).We show that an RIS is capable of substantially improving the performance of multi-user MIMO-aided URLLC systems. Moreover,the benefits of RIS increase as the packet length and/or the tolerable bit error rate are reduced. This reveals that RISs can be even more beneficial in URLLC systems for improving the FBL rates than in conventional systems approaching Shannon rates. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Spectrum efficiency

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