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A linkable signature scheme supporting batch verification for privacy protection in crowd-sensing

Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 645-654页

作者： Xu Li Gwanggil Jeon Wenshuo Wang Jindong Zhao School of Computer and Control Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai264005China Department of Embedded Systems Engineering Incheon National UniversityAcademyro-119Incheon22012Republic of Korea

The maturity of 5G technology has enabled crowd-sensing services to collect multimedia data over wireless network,so it has promoted the applications of crowd-sensing services in different fields,but also brings more privacy security challenges,the most commom which is privacy *** a privacy protection technology combining data integrity check and identity anonymity,ring signature is widely used in the field of privacy ***,introducing signature technology leads to additional signature verification *** the scenario of crowd-sensing,the existing signature schemes have low efficiency in multi-signature ***,it is necessary to design an efficient multi-signature verification scheme while ensuring *** this paper,a batch-verifiable signature scheme is proposed based on the crowd-sensing background,which supports the sensing platform to verify the uploaded multiple signature data efficiently,so as to overcoming the defects of the traditional signature scheme in multi-signature *** our proposal,a method for linking homologous data was presented,which was valuable for incentive mechanism and data *** results showed that the proposed scheme has good performance in terms of security and efficiency in crowd-sensing applications with a large number of users and data.

关键词： 5G network Crowd-sensing Privacy protection Ring signature Batch verification

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MR3D-Net: Dynamic Multi-Resolution 3D Sparse Voxel Grid Fusion for LiDAR-Based Collective Perception 27

MR3D-Net: Dynamic Multi-Resolution 3D Sparse Voxel Grid Fusi...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation systems, ITSC 2024

作者： Teufel, Sven Gamerdinger, Jorg Volk, Georg Bringmann, Oliver University of Tübingen Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science Embedded Systems Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505929

The safe operation of automated vehicles depends on their ability to perceive the environment comprehensively. However, occlusion, sensor range, and environmental factors limit their perception capabilities. To overcome these limitations, collective perception enables vehicles to exchange information. However, fusing this exchanged information is a challenging task. Early fusion approaches require large amounts of bandwidth, while intermediate fusion approaches face interchangeability issues. Late fusion of shared detections is currently the only feasible approach. However, it often results in inferior performance due to information loss. To address this issue, we propose MR3D-Net, a dynamic multi-resolution 3D sparse voxel grid fusion backbone architecture for LiDAR-based collective perception. We show that sparse voxel grids at varying resolutions provide a meaningful and compact environment representation that can adapt to the communication bandwidth. MR3D-Net achieves state-of-the-art performance on the OPV2V 3D object detection benchmark while reducing the required bandwidth by up to 94 % compared to early fusion. Code is available at https://***/ekut-esIMR3D-Net © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle-to-grid

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DP-ARTS: Dynamic Prioritization for Adaptive Resource Allocation and Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer Science 2025年第3期52卷 793-807页

作者： BEN ALLA, Hicham BEN ALLA, Said EZZATI, Abdellah Computer Science Mathematics and Computer Science Department Science and Technical Faculty Hassan 1 University Settat Morocco Embedded Systems and Computer Science National School of Applied Sciences of Berrechid Hassan 1 University Settat Morocco

Efficient task scheduling and resource allocation are essential for optimizing performance in cloud computing environments. The presence of priority constraints necessitates advanced solutions capable of addressing the increased complexity in the task scheduling process and resource allocation management. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, Dynamic Prioritization and Adaptive Resource Allocation and Task Scheduling (DP-ARTS), to tackle these challenges by integrating dynamic task prioritization with adaptive resource allocation and scheduling strategies. Our approach introduces a scoring mechanism to prioritize tasks based on deadlines, resource requirements, and other critical characteristics. Furthermore, we utilize K-means clustering to group Virtual Machines (VMs) according to their capabilities, facilitating more efficient task-to-VM mapping. Through simulations conducted with real-world workload traces in the CloudSim toolkit, DP-ARTS demonstrates superior performance in reducing makespan and energy consumption, while also improving resource utilization and load balancing compared to existing solutions. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： K-means clustering

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TariqAmn's Innovative Road Safety Paradigm through Smart Technology

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Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 2024年第4期52卷 372-381页

作者： Malek, Nada Ahmed Boudour, Rachid Embedded Systems Laboratory Computer Science Department Faculty of Technology BADJI Mokhtar- Annaba University P.O.B. 12 Annaba23000 Algeria

In response to escalating road safety challenges within Algeria, marked by rising traffic volumes and urban development, the "TariqAmn Algeria" initiative emerges as a groundbreaking approach in traffic management. This study delineates the development and deployment of this innovative system, which leverages intelligent traffic signs, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging, using laser light to measure distances) radar, and proactive brake control technologies, embedded within a robust traffic management framework. The system's dynamic adaptation to real-time traffic conditions and its enforcement of speed compliance are central to its design. Rigorous evaluations through SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility, a traffic simulation software) simulations and field tests in high-risk urban settings affirm its efficacy, demonstrating a 60% reduction in traffic incidents and a 50% reduction in speeding violations. By marrying local cultural insights with cutting-edge technology, "TariqAmn Algeria" not only enhances immediate road safety but also establishes a new paradigm in traffic management systems. The findings illuminate the significant scalability potential of the system, promising broader applications in enhancing road safety and adherence to traffic regulations across various regions, such as densely populated urban areas, high-traffic corridors, and accident-prone black spots. This initiative underscores the critical role of Intelligent Transportation systems (ITS) in modern road safety strategies and sets a precedent for future technological advancements in the field. © 2024 Budapest University of Technology and Economics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Traffic signs

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LSM: A Comprehensive Metric for Assessing the Safety of Lane Detection systems in Autonomous Driving 100

LSM: A Comprehensive Metric for Assessing the Safety of Lane...

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100th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2024-Fall

作者： Gamerdinger, Jorg Teufel, Sven Amann, Stephan Volk, Georg Bringmann, Oliver University of Tübingen Faculty of Science Embedded Systems Group Department of Computer Science Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517786

Comprehensive perception of the vehicle's environment and correct interpretation of the environment are crucial for the safe operation of autonomous vehicles. The perception of surrounding objects is the main component for further tasks such as trajectory planning. However, safe trajectory planning requires not only object detection, but also the detection of drivable areas and lane corridors. While first approaches consider an advanced safety evaluation of object detection, the evaluation of lane detection still lacks sufficient safety metrics. For assessing safety, additional factors such as the semantics of the scene with road type and road width, the detection range as well as the potential causes of missing detections, incorporated by vehicle speed, should be considered for the evaluation of lane detection. Therefore, we propose the Lane Safety Metric (LSM), which takes these factors into account in order to evaluate the safety of lane detection systems by determining an easily interpretable safety score. We evaluate our offline safety metric on various virtual scenarios using different lane detection approaches and compare it with state-of-the-art performance metrics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle safety

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Energy-Aware Heterogeneous Federated Learning via Approximate DNN Accelerators

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and systems 2025年第6期44卷 2054-2066页

作者： Pfeiffer, Kilian Balaskas, Konstantinos Siozios, Kostas Henkel, Jorg Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Chair for Embedded Systems Karlsruhe76131 Germany University of Patras Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics Patras26504 Greece Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Department of Physics Thessaloniki54124 Greece

In Federated Learning (FL), devices that participate in the training usually have heterogeneous resources, i.e., energy availability. In current deployments of FL, devices that do not fulfill certain hardware requirements are often dropped from the collaborative training. However, dropping devices in FL can degrade training accuracy and introduce bias or unfairness. Several works have tackled this problem on an algorithm level, e.g., by letting constrained devices train a subset of the server neural network (NN) model. However, it has been observed that these techniques are not effective w.r.t. accuracy. Importantly, they make simplistic assumptions about devices’ resources via indirect metrics, such as multiply accumulate (MAC) operations or peak memory requirements. We observe that memory access costs (that are currently not considered in simplistic metrics) have a significant impact on the energy consumption. In this work, for the first time, we consider on-device accelerator design for FL with heterogeneous devices. We utilize compressed arithmetic formats and approximate computing, targeting to satisfy limited energy budgets. Using a hardware-aware energy model, we observe that, contrary to the state of the art’s moderate energy reduction, our technique allows for lowering the energy requirements (by 4× ) while maintaining higher accuracy. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Budget control

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SCOPE: A Synthetic Multi-Modal Dataset for Collective Perception Including Physical-Correct Weather Conditions 27

SCOPE: A Synthetic Multi-Modal Dataset for Collective Percep...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation systems, ITSC 2024

作者： Gamerdinger, Jorg Teufel, Sven Schulz, Patrick Amann, Stephan Kirchner, Jan-Patrick Bringmann, Oliver University of Tübingen Embedded Systems Group Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science Germany Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505929

Collective perception has received considerable attention as a promising approach to overcome occlusions and limited sensing ranges of vehicle-local perception in autonomous driving. In order to develop and test novel collective perception technologies, appropriate datasets are required. These datasets must include not only different environmental conditions, as they strongly influence the perception capabilities, but also a wide range of scenarios with different road users as well as realistic sensor models. Therefore, we propose the Synthetic COllective PErception (SCOPE) dataset. SCOPE is the first synthetic multi-modal dataset that incorporates realistic camera and LiDAR models as well as parameterized and physically accurate weather simulations for both sensor types. The dataset contains 17,600 frames from over 40 diverse scenarios with up to 24 collaborative agents, infrastructure sensors, and passive traffic, including cyclists and pedestrians. In addition, recordings from two novel digital-twin maps from Karlsruhe and Tübingen are included. The dataset is available at https://***/scope © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Digital elevation model

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Software Implementation and Performance of a Computational Complexity Reduced Belief Propagation Polar Code Decoder

Software Implementation and Performance of a Computational C...

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2023 International Conference on Electrical, computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering, ICECCME 2023

作者： Van Den Brink, Arvid B. Meteer, Oǧuz Bekooij, Marco J.G. University of Twente Department of Computer Architectures for Embedded Systems Enschede Netherlands Nxp Semiconductors Department of Embedded Software and Signal Processing Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322972

The belief propagation algorithm is one of the preferred algorithms for a polar code based decoder that can potentially achieve the lowest latency. Although belief propagation polar code algorithms have the ability for a highly parallelized implementation, they require more iterations to achieve a comparable frame error rate and bit error rate compared to the successive cancellation polar code algorithm. The iterative nature of the belief propagation algorithms also results in a higher computational complexity, i.e. O(N(2log2N-1)) compared to the computational complexity O(Nlog2N) of the successive cancellation decoder algorithm. In this paper we propose several software implementations of belief propagation polar code decoders using the computational complexity reduced belief propagation algorithm and the enhanced loop-weakened belief propagation algorithm, to increase the number of decoded codes per second. Compared to a baseline belief propagation implementation, our proposed radix-2 and radix-4 implementations increase the throughput by approximately 15.4% and 22.04% respectively. This gain is the result of a reduction of arithmetic operations, i.e., additions, compares, and multiplications, which is obtained without a loss in error-correcting performance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Belief propagation

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Real-Time Multi-object Tracking Using YOLOv8 and SORT on a SoC FPGA 21st

Real-Time Multi-object Tracking Using YOLOv8 and SORT on a...

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21st International Symposium on Applied Reconfigurable Computing, ARC 2025

作者： Danilowicz, Michal Kryjak, Tomasz Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031879944

Multi-object tracking (MOT) is one of the most important problems in computer vision and a key component of any vision-based perception system used in advanced autonomous mobile robotics. Therefore, its implementation on low-power and real-time embedded platforms is highly desirable. Modern MOT algorithms should be able to track objects of a given class (e.g. people or vehicles). In addition, the number of objects to be tracked is not known in advance, and they may appear and disappear at any time, as well as be obscured. For these reasons, the most popular and successful approaches have recently been based on the tracking paradigm. Therefore, the presence of a high quality object detector is essential, which in practice accounts for the vast majority of the computational and memory complexity of the whole MOT system. In this paper, we propose an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) implementation of an embedded MOT system based on a quantized YOLOv8 detector and the SORT (Simple Online Realtime Tracker) tracker. We use a modified version of the FINN framework to utilize external memory for model parameters and to support operations necessary required by YOLOv8. We discuss the evaluation of detection and tracking performance using the COCO and MOT15 datasets, where we achieve 0.21 mAP and 38.9 MOTA respectively. As the computational platform, we use an MPSoC system (Zynq UltraScale+ device from AMD/Xilinx) where the detector is deployed in reprogrammable logic and the tracking algorithm is implemented in the processor system. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： System-on-chip

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Fusion Model Using a Neural Network and MLE for a Single Snapshot DOA Estimation with Imperfection Mitigation

Fusion Model Using a Neural Network and MLE for a Single Sna...

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2023 IEEE International Radar Conference, RADAR 2023

作者： De Oliveira, Marcio L. Lima Bekooij, Marco J. G. University of Twente Computer Architecture for Embedded Systems Enschede Netherlands University of Twente Department of Embedded Software and Signal Processing Nxp Semiconductors Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781665482783

In this paper, we discuss the fusion of deep neural networks with the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) algorithm for estimating both the Direction Of Arrival (DOA) of MIMO radars and the number of sources for a single-snapshot scenario using a Minimum Redundancy antenna Array (MRA) with imperfections and evaluating it with synthetic and real-world data. The combination of Deep Learning (DL) with the classical MLE seems to be a viable solution for this problem, as it is less computationally intensive than a classical MLE while not losing generalization and being better at estimating the number of sources. In both our experiments, using synthetic and real-world data, our method performs close to MLE and appears to be a deployable solution for real scenarios. Besides reducing the computational load of MLE, the novelty of our model lies in the fact that the deep learning model learns the gain and phase errors as a function of the direction of arrival instead of applying a simple calibration. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Maximum likelihood estimation

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