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Three-dimensional model on thermal response of skin subject to laser heating

computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical engineering 2005年第2期8卷 115-125页

作者： Shen, Wensheng Zhang, Jun Yang, Fuqian Laboratory for High Performance Scientific Computing and Computer Simulation Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States

A three-dimensional (3D) multilayer model based on the skin physical structure is developed to investigate the transient thermal response of human skin subject to laser heating. The temperature distribution of the skin is modeled by the bioheat transfer equation, and the influence of laser heating is expressed as a source term where the strength of the source is a product of a Gaussian shaped incident irradiance, an exponentially shaped axial attenuation, and a time function. The water evaporation and diffusion is included in the model by adding two terms regarding the heat loss due to the evaporation and diffusion, where the rate of water evaporation is determined based on the theory of laminar boundary layer. Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) in laser therapy is studied, as well as its effect on the skin thermal response. The time-dependent equation is discretized using the finite difference method with the Crank-Nicholson scheme and the stability of the numerical method is analyzed. The large sparse linear system resulted from discretizing the governing partial differential equation is solved by a GMRES solver and the expected simulation results are obtained. © 2005 Taylor & Francis Ltd.

关键词： Mass transfer

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Two-level preconditioning techniques for electromagnetic wave scattering problems

Two-level preconditioning techniques for electromagnetic wav...

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IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applied Computational Electromagnetics

作者： Jeonghwa Lee Jun Zhang Cai-Cheng Lu RAPT Industries Inc. Freeport PA USA Laboratory for High Performance Scientific Computing and Computer Simulation Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780390687

We investigate preconditioned iterative solutions of large dense complex valued matrices arising from discretizing the hybrid integral equations of electromagnetic scattering. Due to the specific data pattern, we propose to construct two-level (TL) preconditioners to treat the conducting and dielectric parts more efficiently. The main purpose of this study is to show that the TL preconditioning is effective with the MLFMA and can reduce the number of Krylov iterations substantially by using subdivided domain of the near part matrix for each level. Our experimental results indicate that the TL preconditioning maintains the computational complexity of the MLFMA, but converges much faster, thus effectively reduces the overall simulation time for the coated material objects.

关键词： Electromagnetic scattering

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Momentum spectrum of muons associated with cosmic-ray air shower at sea level

Momentum spectrum of muons associated with cosmic-ray air sh...

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29th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2005

作者： Tsuji, S.S. Wada, T. Ochi, N. Iyono, A. Lan, S. Okita, M. Takahashi, N. Okei, K. Yamashita, Y. Katayama, T. Tokiwa, M. Liang, S. Matsumoto, H. Morita, T. Nakatsuka, T. Yamamoto, I. Department of Information Sciences Kawasaki Medical School Kurashiki 701-0192 Japan Department of Physics Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan Yonago National College of Technology Tottori 683-8502 Japan Department of Computer Simulation Okayama University of Science Okayama 700-0005 Japan Okayama Shoka University Okayama 700-8601 Japan Faculty of Engineering Okayama University of Science Okayama 700-0005 Japan

The compact extensive air shower (EAS) array and the solid iron magnet spectrometer have been used to measure momentum spectrum of muons associated with air showers. The EAS array which is a part of Large Area Air Shower experiment is also operated, and telescope is located almost right under of this array. From January 2004, we started observation between the EAS array and the Okayama telescope. By means of analyzing those data, we attempt to obtain momentum spectrum of muons associated with EAS.

关键词： Telescopes

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Usability study of the virtual test bed and distributed simulation 05

Usability study of the virtual test bed and distributed simu...

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simulation Winter Conference

作者： J.W. Dawson Ping Chen Yanshen Zhu Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Institute for Simulation and Training University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780780395190

Improving the usability of a distributed simulation system (DSS) test bed is the focus of this paper. An introduction to the field of usability is given, followed by a discussion of the characteristics of DSSs. Then the usability of DSSs is considered. The virtual test bed (VTB), a sample DSS we have improved the usability of, is described. The methodology used to improve the VTB's usability is given. With the goal of improving usability for end users, prototyping of a graphical user interface is discussed; both software and paper prototypes are considered. Lessons learned provide insights into problems we encountered. Research on important aspects of DSSs that affect usability is reflected in a table that summarizes key issues. Our anticipated future research in this area is also discussed.

关键词： Usability Spread spectrum communication Decision support systems Graphical user interfaces System testing Prototypes Software prototyping Performance evaluation Writing Process design

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Impurity effect in the quantum nernst effect

Impurity effect in the quantum nernst effect

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作者： Shirasaki, Ryoen Nakamura, Hiroaki Hatano, Naomichi Department of Physics Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National University Tokiwadai 79-5 Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan Theory and Computer Simulation Center National Institute for Fusion Science Oroshi-cho 322-6 Toki Gifu 509-5292 Japan Institute of Industrial Science University of Tokyo Komaba 4-6-1 Meguro Tokyo 153-8505 Japan

We theoretically study the Nernst effect and the Seebeck effect in a two-dimensional electron gas in a strong magnetic field and a temperature gradient under adiabatic condition. We recently predicted for a pure system in the quantum Hall regime that the Nernst coefficient is strongly suppressed and the thermal conductance is quantized due to quantum ballistic transport. Taking account of impurities, we here compute the Nernst coefficient and the Seebeck coefficient when the chemical potential coincides with a Landau level. We adopt the self-consistent Born approximation and consider the linear transport equations of the thermal electric transport induced by the temperature gradient. The thermal conductance and the Nernst coefficient are slightly modified from the pure case and the Seebeck coefficient newly appears because of the impurity scattering of electrons in the bulk states. © 2005 The Surface Science Society of Japan.

关键词： Quantum theory

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Enhanced surrogate models for statistical design exploiting space mapping technology

Enhanced surrogate models for statistical design exploiting ...

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Microwave, MTT-S International Symposium

作者： S. Koziel J.W. Bandler A.S. Mohamed K. Madsen Simulation Optimization Systems Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster University Hamilton ONT Canada McMaster University Hamilton ONT Canada Informatics and Mathematical Modelling Technical University of Denmark Denmark

We present advances in microwave and RF device modeling exploiting space mapping (SM) technology. We propose new SM modeling formulations utilizing input mappings, output mappings, frequency scaling and quadratic approximations. Our aim is to enhance circuit models for statistical analysis and yield-driven design. We illustrate our results using a capacitively-loaded two-section impedance transformer, a single-resonator waveguide filter and a six-section H-plane waveguide filter.

关键词： Space technology Samarium Electromagnetic waveguides Statistical analysis Microwave filters Circuit simulation Microwave devices Radio frequency Microwave technology Impedance

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Baseline vector measurement using two-channel GPS receiver

Baseline vector measurement using two-channel GPS receiver

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18th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation, ION GNSS 2005

作者： Liou, L.L. Lin, D.M. Tsui, J.B. Schamus, J. Morton, J.T. Lin, K. Sensor Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH Miami University Oxford OH University of Central Florida Orlando FL Air Force Research Laboratory Wright Patterson Air Force Base Dayton OH Air Force Research Laboratory Wright Patterson Air Force Base OH Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Miami Institute for Simulation and Training University of Central Florida

This paper presents a baseline vector measurement technique using a two-channel GPS software receiver. The relative phases between the two channels were measured against satellites. An algorithm is proposed to solve the baseline vector. The ambiguity is resolved through searching for the possible solutions which meets certain pre-specified criterions.

关键词： Vectors

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Understanding protocol performance and robustness of ad hoc networks through structural analysis

Understanding protocol performance and robustness of ad hoc ...

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IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking And Communications (WiMob)

作者： C. Barrett M. Drozda D.C. Engelhart V.S. Anil Kumar M.V. Marathe M.M. Morin S.S. Ravi J.P. Smith Virginia Bioinformatics Institute Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA FG Simulation und Modellierung Universität Hannover Hanover Germany Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Los Alamos National Laboratory National Infrastructure and Analysis Center Basic and Applied Simulation Science (CCS-5) Los Alamos NM USA Department of Computer Science University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA Department of Computer Science State University of New York Albany Albany NY USA

There has recently been renewed interest among various research communities in understanding the structure of social and infrastructure networks. Motivated by this line of research, we conduct an in-depth structural analysis of large ad hoc networks derived by placing nodes randomly as well as by placing them in realistic urban environments, a scenario that is rapidly gaining interest (K. Jain, et al, 2003). We use structural analysis in two illustrative settings. First, we use it to study the performance of network protocols. Our results indicate that structural analysis of interference graphs that model ad hoc networks can yield a good first order prediction of the overall protocol performance. Second, we study the robustness of a network to random node and edge failures. This study is important in the context of ad hoc networks wherein one expects nodes/edges to fail due various natural or system dependent reasons. The experimental results presented in this paper show the following: (i) structural properties of ad hoc networks depend crucially on the spatial distribution of the nodes. (ii) Structural properties of the network significantly affect the performance of protocols. (iii) Graph theoretic measures can provide good first order insights into the network protocol performance. (iv) The measures are also useful in characterizing the robustness of such networks.

关键词： Protocols Robustness Ad hoc networks Performance analysis Transceivers Interference computer science Analytical models Social network services Wireless networks

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Hybrid discrete event simulation with model predictive control for semiconductor supply-chain manufacturing

Hybrid discrete event simulation with model predictive contr...

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simulation Winter Conference

作者： H.S. Sarjoughian Dongping Huang G.W. Godding Wenlin Wang D.E. Rivera K.G. Kempf H.D. Mittelmann Arizona Center for Integrative Modeling & Simulation Computer Science & Engineering Department Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA Control Systems Engineering Laboratory Chemical & Materials Engineering Department Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA Decision Technologies Intel Corporation Chandler AZ USA Mathematics & Statistic Dept. Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

simulation modeling combined with decision control can offer important benefits for analysis, design, and operation of semiconductor supply-chain network systems. Detailed simulation of physical processes provides information for its controller to account for (expected) stochasticity present in the manufacturing processes. In turn, the controller can provide (near) optimal decisions for the operation of the processes and thus handle uncertainty in customer demands. In this paper, we describe an environment that synthesizes discrete-event system specification (DEVS) with model predictive control (MPC) paradigms using a knowledge interchange broker (KIB). This environment uses the KIB to compose discrete event simulation and model predictive control models. This approach to composability affords flexibility for studying semiconductor supply-chain manufacturing at varying levels of detail. We describe a hybrid DEVS/MPC environments via a knowledge interchange broker. We conclude with a comparison of this work with another that employs the Simulink/MATLAB environment.

关键词： Discrete event simulation Predictive models Predictive control Virtual manufacturing Semiconductor device manufacture Mathematical model Analytical models Manufacturing processes Optimal control Uncertainty

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Is problem solving, or simulation model solving, mission critical? The panel reloads

Is problem solving, or simulation model solving, mission cri...

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simulation Winter Conference

作者： R.J. Paul M. Elder R. Nance E.H. Page J. Rozenblit Centre for Applied Simulation Modelling (CASM) School of Information Systems Computing and Mathematics Brunei University Uxbridge Middlesex UK Boston MA USA Virginia Tech Corporate Research Center Orca Computer Inc. Blacksburg VA USA Center for Acquisition and Systems Analysis The MITRE Corporation McLean VA USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Arizona Tucson Tucson AZ USA

Summary form only given. Discussion from panellists representing different simulation schools of thought: software engineering, standardised simulation methodologies, simulation software vendors, traditional academic,... 详细信息

关键词： Problem-solving Mission critical systems Computational modeling Educational institutions Software engineering Mathematical model Information systems Mathematics

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