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Electronic Technology Directions to the Year 2000

作者： E. Vonk L.C. Jain L.P.J. Veelenturf Control Systems and Computer Engineering Group BSC Laboratory for Network Theory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Twente Enschede Netherlands Knowledge-based Engineering System Group School of Electronic Engineering University of South Australia Adelaide Australia

Artificial neural networks, also called neural networks, have been used successfully in many fields including engineering, science and business. This paper presents the implementation of several neural network simulat... 详细信息

关键词： Neural networks Neurons Artificial neural networks systems engineering and theory Hopfield neural networks Process control Knowledge engineering Supervised learning Clustering algorithms Application software

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Automatic generation of a neural network architecture using evolutionary computation

Automatic generation of a neural network architecture using ...

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Electronic Technology Directions to the Year 2000

作者： E. Vonk L.C. Jain L.P.J. Veelenturf R. Johnson Control Systems and Computer Engineering Group BSC Laboratory for Network Theory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Twente Enschede Netherlands Knowledge-based Engineering System Group School of Electronic Engineering University of South Australia Adelaide Australia Weapons Systems Division Defence Science and Technology Organisation Salisbury SA Australia

This paper reports the application of evolutionary computation in the automatic generation of a neural network architecture. It is a usual practice to use trial and error to find a suitable neural network architecture. This is not only time consuming but may not generate an optimal solution for a given problem. The use of evolutionary computation is a step towards automation in architecture generation. In this paper a brief introduction to the field is given as well as an implementation of automatic neural network generation using genetic programming.< >

关键词： Neural networks computer architecture Evolutionary computation Genetic programming network topology Genetic algorithms Biological cells systems engineering and theory Knowledge engineering Australia

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DETERMINISTIC RULE-BASED TRAFFIC DESCRIPTORS FOR BROAD-BAND ISDN - WORST-CASE BEHAVIOR AND ITS IMPACT ON CONNECTION ACCEPTANCE CONTROLS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION systems 1995年第2期8卷 91-109页

作者： DOSHI, BT HO 3M-335 AT&T Bell Laboratories Holmdel NJ 07733 U.S.A. Bharat T. Doshi is a supervisor in the Performance Analysis Department at AT&T Bell Laboratories Holmdel New Jersey. His group provides analytic support for a variety of AT&T's information management systems telecommunications systems and networks and computer networks in the areas of performance engineering capacity planning and congestion management. His group also conducts research in integrated communication systems and networks. Recent work has concentrated on frame relay networks ATMibroadband ISDN wireless networking and PCS. The focus is in the areas of error controls flow and congestion controls communication protocols routeing strategies network design and fault-tolerant operation. Bharat's research interests include queueing theory and teletraffic theory and their applications to computer and communications systems. He has over sixty publications in a variety of technical journals. Bharat received his B.Tech. from ITT Bombay in 1970 and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Operations Research from Cornell University in 1973 and 1974 respectively. Bharat is member of IEEE and ORSA and Associate Editor of the OR Letters High Speed Networking and Queueing Systems Journals.

Deterministic rule based traffic descriptors in general, and leaky bucket based (LBB) traffic descriptors in particular, offer many advantages over statistical descriptors for specifying and monitoring traffic in the ATM based broadband ISDN (BISDN). However, these traffic descriptors do not specify the traffic pattern uniquely. Thus, acceptance of a connection request with specific traffic descriptor parameter values implies that the network has agreed to guaranteeing the quality of service (QOS) for the worst case traffic compliant with the traffic descriptor (and hence allowed by the monitor). This poses challenges which have not been addressed adequately. Two of the important ones are: (i) definition of the worst case behaviour and characterization of the worst case traffic compliant with the traffic descriptor;(ii) connection acceptance controls (CAC) for the worst case traffic sources compliant with the traffic descriptors. In this paper we address these questions for leaky bucket based (LBB) traffic descriptors. The focus is on the first problem. The implications on the second problem are discussed briefly. The performance measure and QOS requirements are in terms of the cell loss ratios. We first define the worst case behaviour for homogeneous and heterogeneous environments in terms of collective cell loss ratio (CLR)) from the multiplexer. We consider both the unbuffered and buffered cases. However, most of the results here are for the unbuffered case. For the case of an unbuffered multiplexer and homogeneous source environment, we show that a simple on-off source represents the worst case behaviour of an LBB source. In a heterogeneous source traffic environment, the on-off behaviour is the worst only in a limited sense and the use of a collective measure results in anomalous relationships between the source behaviour and the CLR. A more appropriate measure should be based on individual cell loss ratios or on the maximum of the individual CLRs. We analyse L

关键词： ATM CELL LOSS RATIO UNBUFFERED MULTIPLEXER BUFFERED MULTIPLEXER

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Optimization of solder paste printability with laser inspection technique

Optimization of solder paste printability with laser inspect...

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IEEE/CHMT(CPMT) International Electronics Manufacturing Technology Symposium

作者： T. Okura M. Kanai S. Ogata T. Takei H. Takakusagi PCB Engineering Department Computer and Network Systems Group OKI Electric Industry Company Limited Takasaki Gunma Japan PCB Eng. Dept. OKI Electr. Ind. Co. Ltd. Gumma Japan

This paper describes an evaluation technique for solder paste printability using a solder paste inspection system and optimization of printing parameters. In a Surface Mount Assembly (SMA), it is very important to evaluate printability of solder paste precisely, because printability of solder paste directly influences reflow soldering quality. We established quite reliable inspection criteria for print quantity of solder paste. So it was found that about 90% of reflow soldering defects could be reduced by prevention of printing defects. Furthermore, since package types have been varied in a SMA, high soldering quality demands stable printability for all patterns. This paper presents a printability evaluation adopted procedure based on the quality engineering (TAGUCHI method). As a result of optimizing squeegee shape and printer condition by this evaluation method, printability was improved better than 20% in the production process. And optimization of solder paste and stencil added to printer condition resulted in good printability for 0.3 mm pitch patterns on the optimum condition.

关键词： Inspection Printing Reflow soldering Printers Assembly Packaging Optimization methods Shape Production

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Synchronization models for multimedia presentation with user participation

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Multimedia systems 1994年第2期2卷 53-62页

作者： Prabhakaran, B. Raghavan, S.V. Network Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras 600 036 India

This paper addresses the key issue of providing flexible multimedia presentation with user participation and suggests synchronization models that can specify the user participation during the presentation. We study models like the Petrinet-based hypertext model and the object composition Petri nets (OCPN). We suggest a dynamic timed Petri nets structure that can model pre-emptions and modifications to the temporal characteristics of the net. This structure can be adopted by the OCPN to facilitate modeling of multimedia synchronization characteristics with dynamic user participation. We show that the suggested enhancements for the dynamic timed Petri nets satisfy all the properties of the Petri net theory. We use the suggested enhancements to model typical scenarios in a multimedia presentation with user inputs. © 1994 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： AOCPN Dynamic timed Petri nets Multimedia Streams Multimedia synchronization OCPN Timed Petri nets

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A versatile algorithm for two-dimensional symmetric noncausal modeling

A versatile algorithm for two-dimensional symmetric noncausa...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： G.-O. Glentis C.H. Slump O.E. Herrmann Department of Electrical Engineering Control Systems and Computer Engineering Group (BSC) Laboratory for Network Theory and VLSI-Design University of Twente Enschede Netherlands

In this paper a novel algorithm is presented for the efficient two-dimensional (2-D) symmetric noncausal finite impulse response (FIR) filtering and autoregressive (AR) modeling. Symmetric filter masks of general boundaries are allowed. The proposed algorithm offers the greatest maneuverability in the 2-D index space in a computational efficient way. This flexibility can be taken into advantage if the shape of the 2-D mask is not a priori known and has to be dynamically configured.< >

关键词： Finite impulse response filter Nonlinear filters Autocorrelation Equations Vectors Virtual manufacturing Filtering algorithms Control system synthesis Control engineering computing computer networks

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Efficient two-dimensional ARX modeling

Efficient two-dimensional ARX modeling

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： G.-O. Glentis C.H. Slump O.E. Herrmann Department of Electrical Engineering Control Systems and Computer Engineering Group BSC Laboratory for Network Theory and VLSI-Design University of Twente Enschede Netherlands

In this paper a fast spatial adaptive algorithm is presented for the efficient least squares (LS), autoregressive exogenous (ARX), two-dimensional (2-D) modeling. Filter masks of general boundaries are allowed. Efficient space updating recursions are developed by exploiting the spatial shift invariance property of the 2-D data set.< >

关键词： Least squares methods Finite impulse response filter Image edge detection Equations Shape Vectors Control systems Control engineering computing computer networks systems engineering and theory

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Effect of test set size and block coverage on the fault detection effectiveness

Effect of test set size and block coverage on the fault dete...

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International Symposium on Software Reliability engineering (ISSRE)

作者： W.E. Wong J.R. Horgan S. London A.P. Mathur Hughes Network Systems Germantown MD USA Bell Communications Research Inc. Morristown NJ USA Software Engineering Research Center Department of Computer Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

Size and code coverage are two important attributes that characterize a set of tests. When a program P is executed on elements of a test set T, we can observe the fault-detecting capacity of T for P. We can also observe the degree to which T induces code coverage on P according to some coverage criterion. We would like to know whether it is the size of T or the coverage of T on P which determines the fault detection effectiveness (FDE) of T for P. We found that there is little or no reduction in the FDE of a test set when its size is reduced while the all-uses coverage is kept constant. These data suggest, indirectly, that coverage is more correlated than the size with the FDE. To further investigate this suggestion, we report an empirical study to compare the statistical correlation between (1) FDE and coverage, and (2) FDE and the size. Results from our experiments indicate that the correlation between FDE and block coverage is higher than that between FDE and size.< >

关键词： Fault detection Genetic mutations Cities and towns Software engineering Intelligent networks Software testing Costs

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Techniques for finding ring covers in survivable networks

Techniques for finding ring covers in survivable networks

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1994 IEEE GLOBECOM. Communications: The Global Bridge

作者： L.M. Gardner M. Heydari J. Shah I.H. Sudborough I.G. Tollis C. Xia Comput. Sci. Program Texas Univ. Richardson TX USA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Wisconsin Whitewater Whitewater WI USA Alatel Network Systems Inc. Richardson TX USA Computer Science Program Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science University of Texas Dallas Richardson TX USA

Given an arbitrary telecommunications network N our goal is to find the minimum cost for equipment which will enable N to survive an arbitrary link fault. We consider uni-directional and bi-directional ring technologies. Basically, our goal is to find minimum cost ring covers for any network N, where a ring cover is a set C of rings such that every link in N is covered by (i.e. part of) at least one ring in C. If a network N is augmented with enough equipment to support a given ring cover C, it can respond to a link failure immediately (and automatically) by routing the disrupted traffic through surviving links in the ring that covers the failed link. We describe an efficient algorithm to find a minimum cost ring cover for uni-directional transmission rings under simplifying assumptions. This algorithm offers a useful heuristic for computing low cost ring covers for existing networks and actual cost functions. We also provide efficient heuristics to find nearly minimum cost ring covers for bi-directional transmission rings. We show that certain versions of the bi-directional problem are NP-complete, hence (presumably) no efficient algorithm exists that always finds a minimum cost ring cover. However, our heuristics perform well in practice.

关键词： Intelligent networks Bidirectional control computer networks Cost function SONET Telecommunication traffic Routing Cities and towns Airports Optical fiber devices

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BROAD-BAND ISLAND INTERCONNECTION VIA SATELLITE - PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR THE RACE-II CATALYST PROJECT

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第3期12卷 223-238页

作者： HADJITHEODOSIOU, MH KOMISARCZUK, P COAKLEY, F EVANS, BG SMYTHE, C Centre for Satellite Engineering Research University of Surrey Guildford GU2 5XH U.K. Obtained an M.A. in Electrical and Information Sciences from the University of Cambridge in 1989 and an M.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of California Irvine in 1991. He is currently a Research Fellow at the Centre for Satellite Research University of Surrey U.K. His research interests include multiple access protocols for VSAT networks voice/data integration in low-bit-rate networks and the use of satellites for the provision of BISDN services. Obtained a B.Sc. in Pure and Applied Physics with Electronics in 1983 and an M.Sc. in Modern Electronics in 1984 from the University of Nottingham U.K. He was a project engineer on the Corporate Data Network for the Central Electricity Generating Board U.K. and then a senior lecturer in communication systems at the University of Greenwich UK. At present he is working on his Ph.D. at the Centre for Satellite Engineering Research (CSER) University of Surrey on the performance of communication systems. Has been Senior Lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering University of Surrey since 1984. She is the author (or joint author) of more than 80 research papers. Currently she teaches courses in Telecommunication Networks and Computer Architecture. Her research interests include on-board processing for satellites protocols and performance issues. Received the BSc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering and Microwave Systems from the University of Leeds in 1965/1968. He was British Telecom Lecturer-Reader in Telecommunications Systems at the University of Essex from 1969–1983. In 1983 he was appointed to the Alec Harley Reeves Chair of Information Systems Engineering at the University of Surrey and in 1990 became the first Director of the post-graduate centre for Satellite Engineering Research which houses some 100 researchers. In 1992 he was made a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineers in the U.K. and is a Fellow of IEE and a member of IEEE

The use of communication satellites as a possible way of offering broadband island interconnectivity appears to be a very attractive option, as it will enable the provision of an all-digital, transparent service to a number of ATM islands spanning a wide area, accommodating efficiently a variety of traffic demands. The CATALYST Project (RACE II/R2074) is an attempt to demonstrate the applicability and compatibility of satellite technology with the terrestrial BISDN. In this paper we present an overview of the project and focus on an initial study of the expected user performance through the CATALYST network. Our analysis is based upon mathematical and simulation models and describes the end-system to end-system transfer delay for given message lengths. The protocol profiles assume a mix of Novell NetWare and network File System client/server architectures, which are supported by either the IEEE 802.3/Ethernet or fibre distributed data interface LANs, which are themselves linked via LAN/ATM/satellite interface units. Areas of further investigation, and the implication of our analysis on the actual network architecture, are discussed.

关键词： ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE (ATM) BROAD-BAND ISDN SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

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