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Resolution-aware beam scanning for joint detection and communication in ISAC systems

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 250-266页

作者： Yiming XU Dongfang XU Zhanyuan XIE Zheng JIANG Shenghui SONG Derrick Wing Kwan NG Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology China Telecom Research Institute School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales

Beam scanning for joint detection and communication in integrated sensing and communication(ISAC) systems plays a critical role in continuous monitoring and rapid adaptation to dynamic environments. However, the design of sequential scanning beams for target detection with the required sensing resolution has not been tackled in the *** bridge this gap, this paper introduces a resolution-aware beam scanning design. In particular, the transmit information beamformer, the covariance matrix of the dedicated radar signal, and the receive beamformer are jointly optimized to maximize the average sum rate of the system while satisfying the sensing resolution and detection probability requirements.A block coordinate descent(BCD)-based optimization framework is developed to address the non-convex design problem. By exploiting successive convex approximation(SCA), S-procedure, and semidefinite relaxation(SDR), the proposed algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a stationary solution with polynomial time complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed design can efficiently handle the stringent detection requirement and outperform existing antenna-activation-based methods in the literature by exploiting the full degrees of freedom(DoFs) brought by all antennas.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) detection beam scanning resolution beamwidth

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Entropy-Bottleneck-Based Privacy Protection Mechanism for Semantic Communication

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2971-2988页

作者： Kaiyang Han Xiaoqiang Jia Yangfei Lin Tsutomu Yoshinaga Yalong Li Jiale Wu School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010051China Department of Computer and Network Engineering University of Electro-CommunicationsChofuTokyo1828585Japan

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things,along with the growing demand for privacy-preserving transmission,the need for efficient and secure communication systems has become increasingly *** communication methods transmit data at the bit level without considering its semantic significance,leading to redundant transmission overhead and reduced *** communication addresses this issue by extracting and transmitting only the mostmeaningful semantic information,thereby improving bandwidth ***,despite reducing the volume of data,it remains vulnerable to privacy risks,as semantic features may still expose sensitive *** address this,we propose an entropy-bottleneck-based privacy protection mechanism for semantic *** approach uses semantic segmentation to partition images into regions of interest(ROI)and regions of non-interest(RONI)based on the receiver’s needs,enabling differentiated semantic *** focusing transmission on ROIs,bandwidth usage is optimized,and non-essential data is *** entropy bottleneck model probabilistically encodes the semantic information into a compact bit stream,reducing correlation between the transmitted content and the original data,thus enhancing privacy *** proposed framework is systematically evaluated in terms of compression efficiency,semantic fidelity,and privacy *** comparative experiments with traditional and state-of-the-art methods,we demonstrate that the approach significantly reduces data transmission,maintains the quality of semantically important regions,and ensures robust privacy protection.

关键词： Semantic communication privacy protection semantic segmentation entropy-based compression

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Differential Evolution Strategy with Chebyshev Chaos Based Mutation

Journal of Network Intelligence

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Journal of Network Intelligence 2024年第1期9卷 613-628页

作者： Sitenda, Amos Song, Pei-Cheng Chu, Shu-Chuan Chen, Shi-Huang College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao266590 China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Shu-Te UniversityKaohsiung Kaohsiung824 Taiwan

Differential Evolution (DE) is a potent stochastic evolutionary optimization algorithm garnering increasing research attention. Over the years, it has been found applicable in solving diverse real-world problems. DE employs mutation, crossover, and selection operators to guide populations toward optimal or nearly optimal solutions. However, the standard DE mutation strategies have found limitations in balancing exploration and exploitation effectively, thus prompting research into possible improvements. This study introduces a novel mutation strategy named Chebyshev Infused Chaos Mutation Strategy (CICMS). where a chaotic sequence partially guides the process of donor vector generation. Rigorous evaluations were conducted, comparing our modified DE against the standard DE and seven other metaheuristic algorithms, including Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm. Experiments were performed using the challenging CEC 2014 benchmark functions, consisting of 30 objective functions. Results indicate substantial improvements in convergence speed and solution quality, highlighting the potential of our novel mutation strategy to enhance DE’s practicality in addressing complex optimization problems. This research contributes valuable insights to the dynamic field of optimization algorithms with implications for a wide range of applications. © 2024, Taiwan Ubiquitous Information CO LTD. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chaos theory

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A systematic review of multilabel chest X-ray classification using deep learning

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-35页

作者： Hasanah, Uswatun Leu, Jenq-Shiou Avian, Cries Azmi, Ihsanul Prakosa, Setya Widyawan Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

Chest X-ray scans are one of the most often used diagnostic tools for identifying chest diseases. However, identifying diseases in X-ray images needs experienced technicians and is frequently noted as a time-consuming process with varying levels of interpretation. In particular circumstances, disease identification through images is a challenge for human observers. Recent advances in deep learning have opened up new possibilities for using this technique to diagnose diseases. However, further implementation requires prior knowledge of strategy and appropriate architecture design. Revealing this information, will enable faster implementation and encounter potential issues produced by specific designs, especially in multilabel classification, which is challenging compared to single-label tasks. This systematic review of all the approaches published in the literature will assist researchers in developing improved methods of whole chest disease detection. The study focuses on the deep learning methods, publically accessible datasets, hyperparameters, and performance metrics employed by various researchers in classifying multilabel chest X-ray images. The findings of this study provide a complete overview of the current state of the art, highlighting significant practical aspects of the approaches studied. Distinctive results highlighting the potential enhancements and beneficial uses of deep learning in multilabel chest disease identification are presented. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Diagnosis

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WSO-KELM: War Strategy Optimization-Based Kernel Extreme Learning Machine for Automatic Software Fault Prediction Model

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2025年第1期106卷 145-163页

作者： Elci, J. Brundha Nandagopalan, S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vemana Institute of Technology Visvesvaraya Technological University Karnataka Belagavi India Department of Information Science and Engineering Vemana Institute of Technology Visvesvaraya Technological University Karnataka Belagavi India

The software development projects’ testing part is usually expensive and complex, but it is essential to gauge the effectiveness of the developed software. Software Fault Prediction (SFP) primarily serves to detect faults within software components. The scale of software projects is getting larger, making it impossible and time-consuming to analyze the flaws manually. Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques are mainly incorporated to solve this problem. The massive data retrieved from the software repositories helps in identifying the features that are highly correlated with fault prediction and the features that are not. This paper introduces a Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) for SFP. To optimize the hyperparameters of the classifier and also enhance the classification accuracy, the War Strategy Optimization (WSO) algorithm is employed here. The experimental evaluations are conducted using different baseline actual-world datasets of software programs such as Java-coded open-source and PROMISE datasets. The experimental outcomes are conducted using different performance metrics that include sensitivity, Accuracy, and F1-score with values of 0.96%, 0.97%, and 0.96%, respectively. The results show that KELM is beneficial, and the optimization provided by the WSO algorithm also helps us obtain higher classification accuracy for the SFP problem and improve the fault detection process. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Software reliability

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Conv-attention ViT for classification of multi-label class imbalanced data of lung thoracic diseases

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-30页

作者： Oommen, Lintu Nikhila Nagajyothi, Chiluka Chebrolu, Srilatha Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh Tadepalligudem India

Chest X-ray image classification is a key study topic, and in order to increase performance and accuracy, the efficiency of vision transformers for this task has been examined. However, imbalanced datasets pose a significant challenge during model training, leading to biased results. The main focus is the classification of multi-labeled lung thoracic diseases using imbalanced data. To tackle class imbalance, synthetic data was generated using GANs and combined with images from diverse data sources, which enhanced generalization. To classify multi-labeled chest X-rays, this work proposes a Conv-Attention Vision Transformer (CA-ViT) model that uses local and global attention mechanisms to improve the average ROC-AUC score and F1-score. Proposed model, CA-ViT’s performance was evaluated on an imbalanced dataset and compared with ResNet-50, VGG-19, and ViT 32/384 models. The studies demonstrated that CA-ViT surpassed the performance of the other models, scoring an average ROC-AUC of 0.76 as opposed to 0.72, 0.75, and 0.68 for ResNet-50, VGG-19, and ViT 32/384 models, respectively. All models displayed improved assessment metrics when the dataset was balanced via synthetic data creation and the combination of several data distributions. When compared to the other models, CA-ViT performed best, earning an average ROC-AUC of 0.81. In contrast, the average ROC-AUC values for the ResNet-50, VGG-19, and ViT 32/384 models were 0.7, 0.73, and 0.79 respectively. CA-ViT achieved micro-average F1-score of 0.70. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Lung cancer

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New improved model for joint segmentation and registration of multi-modality images: application to medical images

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 8755-8770页

作者： Badshah, Noor Begum, Nasra Rada, Lavdie Ashfaq, Muniba Atta, Hadia Department of Basic Sciences and Islamiat University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Systems Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan Department of Mathematics Islamia College Peshawar Pakistan

Joint segmentation and registration of images is a focused area of research nowadays. Jointly segmenting and registering noisy images and images having weak boundaries/intensity inhomogeneity is a challenging task. In medical image processing, joint segmentation and registration are essential methods that aid in distinguishing structures and aligning images for precise diagnosis and therapy. However, these methods encounter challenges, such as computational complexity and sensitivity to variations in image quality, which may reduce their effectiveness in real-world applications. Another major issue is still attaining effective joint segmentation and registration in the presence of artifacts or anatomical deformations. In this paper, a new nonparametric joint model is proposed for the segmentation and registration of multi-modality images having weak boundaries/noise. For segmentation purposes, the model will be utilizing local binary fitting data term and for registration, it is utilizing conditional mutual information. For regularization of the model, we are using linear curvature. The new proposed model is more efficient to segmenting and registering multi-modality images having intensity inhomogeneity, noise and/or weak boundaries. The proposed model is also tested on the images obtained from the freely available CHOAS dataset and compare the results of the proposed model with the other existing models using statistical measures such as the Jaccard similarity index, relative reduction, Dice similarity coefficient and Hausdorff distance. It can be seen that the proposed model outperforms the other existing models in terms of quantitatively and qualitatively. © 2024 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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E-voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 102-109页

作者： Beulah Jayakumari S Lilly Sheeba Maya Eapen Jani Anbarasi Vinayakumar Ravi A.Suganya Malathy Jawahar Department of Information Technology Tagore Engineering College Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram ChennaiIndia Department of Information Technology Jerusalem College of Engineering ChennaiIndia School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia Leather Process Technology Division CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute ChennaiIndia

With the invention of Internet-enabled devices,cloud and blockchain-based technologies,an online voting system can smoothly carry out election *** pandemic situations,citizens tend to develop panic about mass gatherings,which may influence the decrease in the number of *** urges a reliable,flexible,transparent,secure,and cost-effective voting *** proposed online voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology eradicates the flaws that persist in the existing voting system,and it is carried out in three phases:the registration phase,vote casting phase and vote counting phase.A timestamp-based authentication protocol with digital signature validates voters and candidates during the registration and vote casting *** smart contracts,third-party interventions are eliminated,and the transactions are secured in the blockchain ***,to provide accurate voting results,the practical Byzantine fault tolerance(PBFT)consensus mechanism is adopted to ensure that the vote has not been modified or ***,the overall performance of the proposed system is significantly better than that of the existing *** performance was analyzed based on authentication delay,vote alteration,response time,and latency.

关键词： E-voting Cloud Blockchain Smart contract Consensus mechanism

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FusionEXNet: an interpretable fused deep learning model for skin cancer detection

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2024年第9期46卷 743-753页

作者： Gautam, Yuvika Gupta, Piyush Kumar, Deepika Kalra, Bhavya Kumar, Abhinav Hemanth, Jude D. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering New Delhi India Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Coimbatore India

Skin cancer poses a significant burden on mankind and healthcare systems globally, necessitating the development of effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. This paper introduces FusionEXNet, an innovative and interpretable fused deep-learning model for skin cancer detection. FusionEXNet leverages the strengths of EfficientNetV2S and XceptionNet architectures to extract robust features from dermoscopic images, achieving superior performance compared to individual models. While XceptionNet and EfficientNetV2S attained accuracies of 88.82% and 88.01%, respectively, FusionEXNet surpassed them with an impressive accuracy of 90.83%. To enhance model interpretability, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques, such as SmoothGrad and Faster Score-CAM, are integrated, providing valuable insights into the decision-making process. The model was trained and evaluated using the extensive HAM10000 dataset, consisting of over 10,000 high-resolution images across seven skin lesion categories. The proposed FusionEXNet model offers a reliable, accurate, and interpretable system for skin cancer detection, contributing to improved patient outcomes and more efficient diagnostic processes. This study underscores the potential of combining advanced CNN architectures with XAI methods to create powerful tools for dermatological diagnostics. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Deep learning

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An Initial Risk Assessment for Multimodal with LSTM-Based Trust Evaluation Framework for Autonomous Vehicle Security

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SN computer Science 2025年第2期6卷 1-15页

作者： Renjith, P.N. Balasubramani, S. Ramesh, K. Patnala, Eswar School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Campus Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India

This research aims to develop a new approach to increase the safety and reliability of Autonomous Vehicle (AV) through the proposed risk assessment framework, supported by the trust evaluation approach derived from a machine learning algorithm. This work proposes a comprehensive risk assessment model with real-time sensor data, Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), key communication reliability, environmental cognition, and Improved Long Short-Term Memory (I-LSTM). This framework is multidimensional compared to most conventional models, focusing primarily on assessing individual threat factors. Here, the machine learning portion is designed to evaluate and predict trust by quickly processing vast amounts of information from sensors, signals, and prior operation history. Such an approach to trust assessment enables the system to continuously evaluate the dependability of automated vehicle operation and identify threats to security with improved accuracy. The effectiveness of the performance of this method is substantiated by a number of stand-alone and live scenarios, where the model's performance is higher in perceiving possible risks, avoiding threats, and enhancing safety than the conventional approaches. The findings suggest that the safety regulations of the AVs will be improved by using a multi-dimensional risk assessment model and integrating the I-LSTM trust rating with 95.5% accuracy, 96.7% risk identification, and 180 ms response time. This will cause AV and its surrounding environment to be accepted by the public and used on the roads. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles LSTM model Machine learning Risk assessment Trust evaluation

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