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Deep Learning-Based ECG Classification for Arterial Fibrillation Detection

computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4805-4824页

作者： Muhammad Sohail Irshad Tehreem Masood Arfan Jaffar Muhammad Rashid Sheeraz Akram Abeer Aljohani Faculty of Computer Science&Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabad45000Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Applied CollegeTaibah UniversityMedina42353Saudi Arabia

The application of deep learning techniques in the medical field,specifically for Atrial Fibrillation(AFib)detection through Electrocardiogram(ECG)signals,has witnessed significant *** and timely diagnosis increases the patient’s chances of ***,issues like overfitting and inconsistent accuracy across datasets remain *** a quest to address these challenges,a study presents two prominent deep learning architectures,ResNet-50 and DenseNet-121,to evaluate their effectiveness in AFib *** aim was to create a robust detection mechanism that consistently performs *** such as loss,accuracy,precision,sensitivity,and Area Under the Curve(AUC)were utilized for *** findings revealed that ResNet-50 surpassed DenseNet-121 in all evaluated *** demonstrated lower loss rate 0.0315 and 0.0305 superior accuracy of 98.77%and 98.88%,precision of 98.78%and 98.89%and sensitivity of 98.76%and 98.86%for training and validation,hinting at its advanced capability for AFib *** insights offer a substantial contribution to the existing literature on deep learning applications for AFib detection from ECG *** comparative performance data assists future researchers in selecting suitable deep-learning architectures for AFib ***,the outcomes of this study are anticipated to stimulate the development of more advanced and efficient ECG-based AFib detection methodologies,for more accurate and early detection of AFib,thereby fostering improved patient care and outcomes.

关键词： Convolution neural network atrial fibrillation area under curve ECG false positive rate deep learning classification

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Online forecasting using neighbor-based incremental learning for electricity markets

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-18页

作者： Melgar-García, L. Gutiérrez-Avilés, D. Rubio-Escudero, C. Troncoso, A. Department of Artificial Intelligence Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid28660 Spain Department of Computer Science University of Seville Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n Seville41012 Spain Data Science and Big Data Lab Pablo de Olavide University Seville41013 Spain

Electricity market forecasting is very useful for the different actors involved in the energy sector to plan both the supply chain and market operation. Nowadays, energy demand data are data coming from smart meters and have to be processed in real-time for more efficient demand management. In addition, electricity prices data can present changes over time such as new patterns and new trends. Therefore, real-time forecasting algorithms for both demand and prices have to adapt and adjust to online data in order to provide timely and accurate responses. This work presents a new algorithm for electricity demand and prices forecasting in real-time. The proposed algorithm generates a prediction model based on the k-nearest neighbors algorithm, which is incrementally updated in an online scenario considering both changes to existing patterns and adding new detected patterns to the model. Both time-frequency and error threshold based model updates have been evaluated. Results using energy demand from 2007 to 2016 and prices data for different time periods from the Spanish electricity market are reported and compared with other benchmark algorithms. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Demand response

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Facial Expression Recognition with DToF Sensing

Facial Expression Recognition with DToF Sensing

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Li, Chengxiao Zhang, Xie Wu, Chenshu Department of Computer Science School of Computing and Data Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is crucial for understanding human emotions, with applications spanning from mental health assessment to marketing recommendation systems. However, existing camera-based methods raise privacy concerns, while RF-based approaches suffer from limited environmental generalizability and high cost. In this work, we propose ToFace, a FER system leveraging a low-cost (4.8$) Direct Time-of-Flight (DToF) sensor that has been available on commodity smartphones. This sensor provides an extremely low-resolution 8 × 8 depth map and a clear Field of View (FoV), significantly mitigating privacy concerns while avoiding the impact of ambient objects. Despite the benefits, the low-resolution depth map introduces significant challenges for precise expression recognition due to limited facial structure information. We first develop a physical model to extract additional spatial information from the intermediate sensor output, i.e., the transient histograms. We then propose a physics-integrated neural network to reconstruct a facial structure map comprising both depth and orientation for accurate expression recognition. We conduct real-world experiments with 12 users and compare our model with several baselines. The results demonstrate that ToFace achieves the highest recognition accuracy of 75%. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： direct time-of-flight sensor facial expression recognition internet of things sensing AI

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The most tenuous group query

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Frontiers of computer science 2023年第2期17卷 197-208页

作者： Na LI Huaijie ZHU Wenhao LU Ningning CUI Wei LIU Jian YIN Jianliang XU Wang-Chien LEE School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Guangzhou 510006China School of Artificial Intelligence Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Computer Science Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Computer Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityState College 19019USA

Rtecently a lot of works have been investigating to find the tenuous groups,i.e.,groups with few social interactions and weak relationships among members,for reviewer selection and psycho-educational group ***,the metrics(e.g.,k-triangle,k-line,and k-tenuity)used to measure the tenuity,require a suitable k value to be specified which is difficult for users without background ***,in this paper we formulate the most tenuous group(MTG)query in terms of the group distance and average group distance of a group measuring the tenuity to eliminate the influence of parameter k on the tenuity of the *** address the MTG problem,we first propose an exact algorithm,namely MTGVDIS,which takes priority to selecting those vertices whose vertex distance is large,to generate the result group,and also utilizes effective filtering and pruning *** MTGVDIS is not fast enough,we design an efficient exact algorithm,called MTG-VDGE,which exploits the degree metric to sort the vertexes and proposes a new combination order,namely degree and reverse based branch and bound(DRBB).MTG-VDGE gives priority to those vertices with small *** a large p,we further develop an approximation algorithm,namely MTG-VDLT,which discards candidate attendees with high degree to reduce the number of vertices to be *** experimental results on real datasets manifest that the proposed algorithms outperform existing approaches on both efficiency and group tenuity.

关键词： tenuous group pruning strategy social network group query

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Evaluation of Educational Fund Management and Operational Cost Efficiency: Analyzing U.S. Public Schools data

Evaluation of Educational Fund Management and Operational Co...

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2024 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Mechatronics System, AIMS 2024

作者： Eleeas, Kevina Nugraha Muljana, Richie Ayuningtyas, Lintang Diah Gunawan, Alexander Agung Santoso Setiawan, Karli Eka School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Data Science Program 11480 Indonesia School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Computer Science Department 11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350524

This study investigates the challenges and opportunities of managing educational funds and controlling operational costs in two educational systems. It examines how factors such as school infrastructure, technology integration, teacher professional development, and parental involvement influence educational funding and quality. This study also explores the importance of equitable and efficient fund allocation, especially for remote schools that face resource constraints and development gaps. To analyze the financial trends of educational fund management, this study applies three machine learning models: decision trees, random forests, and support vector machines. The results show that the random forest model has the highest overall accuracy (90%) and the decision tree model has perfect accuracy in classifying institutions based on local income. This study identifies the most relevant features and demonstrates the effectiveness of the models in categorizing institutions and evaluating the fund management performance in the education sector. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Decision trees

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Empowering Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Through Multi-Tagger Collaboration 27

Empowering Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Through Multi...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Zhao, Jin Xie, Jian Zhu, Tinghui Guo, Qian Li, Zhixu Xiao, Yanghua Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

Biomedical Named Entity Recognition (BioNER) plays a crucial role in automatically identifying specific categories of entities from biomedical texts. Currently, region-based methods have shown promising performance in BioNER. However, existing paradigms in the region-based methods suffer from inherent limitations, including the generation of negative samples, and the ignorance of token dependencies. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new paradigm, implemented as Token Cascade Tagger (TCT), which combines span identification and category classification. The TCT utilizes category information to enhance the correlation between the heads and tails of entities, effectively reducing the generation of negative samples. Additionally, we introduce a Token Dependency Tagger (TDT) that captures token dependencies within entity spans by identifying the longest span in a sentence. The TDT filters out incorrect spans and further improves the accuracy of span detection obtained from the TCT. Furthermore, we employ a multi-task learning framework to optimize both the TCT and TDT, leading to superior performance in BioNER. Extensive experiments on publicly available biomedical datasets demonstrate our method outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods, achieving 92.44%, 92.54%, and 81.26% on NCBI-Disease, BC5CDR, and GENIA, respectively, in terms of F1 score. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Multi-task learning

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LP norm regularized deep CNN classifier based on biwolf optimization for mitosis detection in histopathology images

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第6期16卷 3517-3536页

作者： Lijo, Jithy Janardhanan Subramanian, Saleema Department of Computer Science Christ University Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Statistics and Data Science Christ University Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Applications Christ Academy Institute for Advanced Studies Karnataka Bengaluru India

Mitosis detection, a crucial biomedical process, faces challenges like cell morphology variability, poor contrast, overcrowding, and limited annotated dataset availability. This research presents a novel method for mitosis detection in histopathological images highlighting two important contributions using a Bi-wolf optimization-based LP norm regularized deep Convolutional neural network (CNN) model. This hybrid optimization protocol is the key to the precise calibration of model parameters and effective training, which translates into optimal classifier performance. The results reveal that this model achieves high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values of 96.69%, 91.89%, and 97.74% respectively. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Biwolf optimization Feature extraction LP Norm Regularized deep CNN Pre-processing Yolo V5

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Risk Identification of data science Projects: A Literature Review

Risk Identification of Data Science Projects: A Literature R...

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2023 Learning. Knowledge. data. Analytics, LWDA 2023

作者： Holtkemper, Maike Potanin, Maria Oberst, Alexander Beecks, Christian University of Hagen Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Chair of Data Science Germany

While cost, time, and resources are considered to have a high impact on data science projects, risks are the key for the successful implementation of a project. The correct handling of risks has been proven to increase a project’s chances of success. Therefore, awareness of existing and emerging risks as well as their assessment play a major role in data science project management. In 2021, 87 percent of data science projects fail and are thus not implemented successfully. The path of successful implementation of data science projects in companies is more complex and uncertain than for conventional projects, in particular the identification and availability of the necessary skills in a company before and during the project. Regarding software engineering projects, the analysis and evaluation of potential risks is well-known, but for data science projects potential risks have not yet been analyzed at a larger scale. To identify the potential reasons for failure of data science projects, an in-depth understanding of potential risks and measures for mitigation these risks is inevitable. In this paper, we conduct a systematic literature review on risks of data science projects and present the top fifteen risks as first findings. Furthermore, we compare the identified risks to the major risks of software engineering projects to highlight similarities and differences between these two disciplines. The findings of our literature review can be used in guiding the development of future risk assessment systems for complex data science projects. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

关键词： Risk assessment

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CyberGuardian: An Interactive Assistant for Cybersecurity Specialists Using Large Language Models

CyberGuardian: An Interactive Assistant for Cybersecurity Sp...

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19th International Conference on Software Technologies, ICSOFT 2024

作者： Paduraru, Ciprian Patilea, Catalina Camelia Stefanescu, Alin Department of Computer Science University of Bucharest Romania Institute for Logic and Data Science Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587061

Cybersecurity plays an important role in protecting people and critical infrastructure. Sectors such as energy, defense and healthcare are increasingly at risk from cyber threats. To address these challenges, dedicated Security Operations Centers (SOCs) continuously monitor threats and respond to critical issues. Our research focuses on the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to optimize the tasks of SOCs and to support security professionals. In this work, we propose a framework, which we call CyberGuardian, whose main goal is to provide a chatbot application along with a set of tools to support SOC analysts in real-time cybersecurity tasks. We use state-of-the-art LLM techniques and start from a Llama 2 model, then fine-tune the base model using a new dataset containing mainly cybersecurity topics. The CyberGuardian framework has a plugin architecture that integrates processes such as Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), safeguard methods for interaction between human user and chatbot, integration with tools to manage tasks such as database interactions, code generation and execution, and plotting graphs just by specifying the task in a natural language. The work, along with the dataset we collected and reusable code to update or customize, is made available to the cybersecurity community as open source. © 2024 by SCITEPRESS – science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Critical infrastructures

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Deep Learning-Based Holistic Speaker Independent Visual Speech Recognition

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第6期4卷 1705-1713页

作者： Nemani, Praneeth Krishna, Ghanta Sai Ramisetty, Nikhil Sai, B Digvijay Sri Kumar, Santosh IIIT Naya Raipur Department of Computer Science and Engineering Raipur493661 India IIIT Naya Raipur Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Raipur493661 India

From a broader perspective, the objective of visual speech recognition (VSR) is to comprehend the speech spoken by an individual using visual deformations. However, some of the significant limitations of existing solutions include the dearth of training data, improper end-to-end deployed solutions, lack of holistic feature representation, and less accuracy. To resolve these limitations, this study proposes a novel, scalable, and robust VSR system that uses the videotape of the user to determine the word which is being spoken. In this regard, a customized 3-D convolutional neural network (3-D CNN) architecture is proposed by extracting the spatio-temporal features and eventually mapping the prediction probabilities of the elements in the corpus. We have created a customized dataset resembling the metadata contained in the MIRACL-VC1 dataset to validate the concept of person-independence. While being robust to a broad spectrum of lighting conditions across multiple devices, our model achieves a training accuracy of 80.2% and a testing accuracy of 77.9% in predicting the word spoken by the user. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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