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IoMT Enabled Melanoma Detection Using Improved Region Growing Lesion Boundary Extraction

computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 6219-6237页

作者： Tanzila Saba Rabia Javed Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim Amjad Rehman Saeed Ali Bahaj Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Lab CCIS Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia School of Computing Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai81310Johor BahruMalaysia Department of Computer Science Lahore College for Women UniversityLahore54000Pakistan MIS Department College of Business Administration Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia

The Internet ofMedical Things(IoMT)and cloud-based healthcare applications,services are beneficial for better decision-making in recent *** is a deadly cancer with a highermortality rate than other skin cancer types such as basal cell,squamous cell,andMerkel ***,detection and treatment at an early stage can result in a higher chance of *** classical methods of detection are expensive and ***,they rely on a trained practitioner’s level,and the availability of the needed equipment is essential for the early detection of *** current improvement in computer-aided systems is providing very encouraging results in terms of precision and *** this article,we propose an improved region growing technique for efficient extraction of the lesion *** analysis and detection ofMelanoma are helpful for the expert *** CNN features are extracted using the pre-trained VGG-19 deep learning *** the end,the selected features are classified by *** proposed technique is gauged on openly accessible two datasets ISIC 2017 and *** the evaluation of our proposed framework,qualitative and quantitative experiments are *** suggested segmentation method has provided encouraging statistical results of Jaccard index 0.94,accuracy 95.7%on ISIC 2017,and Jaccard index 0.91,accuracy 93.3%on the PH2 *** results are notably better than the results of prevalent methods available on the same *** machine learning SVMclassifier executes significantly well on the suggested feature vector,and the comparative analysis is carried out with existing methods in terms of *** proposed method detects and classifies melanoma far better than other ***,our framework gained promising results in both segmentation and classification phases.

关键词： Deep features extraction lesion segmentation melanoma detection SVM VGG-19 healthcare IoMT public health

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Modeling Path Importance for E_ective Alzheimer's Disease Drug Repurposing

Modeling Path Importance for E_ective Alzheimer's Disease Dr...

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29th Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, PSB 2024

作者： Xiang, Shunian Lawrence, Patrick J. Peng, Bo Chiang, Chienwei Kim, Dokyoon Shen, Li Ning, Xia Biomedical Informatics Department The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Computer Science and Engineering Department The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Translational Data Analytics Institute The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789811286414

Recently, drug repurposing has emerged as an effective and resource-efficient paradigm for AD drug discovery. Among various methods for drug repurposing, network-based methods have shown promising results as they are capable of leveraging complex networks that integrate multiple interaction types, such as protein-protein interactions, to more effectively identify candidate drugs. However, existing approaches typically assume paths of the same length in the network have equal importance in identifying the therapeutic effect of drugs. Other domains have found that same length paths do not necessarily have the same importance. Thus, relying on this assumption may be deleterious to drug repurposing attempts. In this work, we propose MPI (Modeling Path Importance), a novel network-based method for AD drug repurposing. MPI is unique in that it prioritizes important paths via learned node embeddings, which can effectively capture a networks rich structural information. Thus, leveraging learned embeddings allows MPI to effectively differentiate the importance among paths. We evaluate MPI against a commonly used baseline method that identifies anti-AD drug candidates primarily based on the shortest paths between drugs and AD in the network. We observe that among the top-50 ranked drugs, MPI prioritizes 20.0% more drugs with anti-AD evidence compared to the baseline. Finally, Cox proportional-hazard models produced from insurance claims data aid us in identifying the use of etodolac, nicotine, and BBB-crossing ACE-INHs as having a reduced risk of AD, suggesting such drugs may be viable candidates for repurposing and should be explored further in future studies. © 2023 The Authors.

关键词： Embeddings

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Demo: CaseFinder: Automated Visual and Quantitative Analysis Tool for Police Narrative

Demo: CaseFinder: Automated Visual and Quantitative Analysis...

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IEEE International Conference on Connected Health: Applications, Systems and Engineering Technologies (CHASE)

作者： Martin Brown Dominic Thomas Md Abdullah Al Hafiz Khan Abm Adnan Azmee Monica Nandan Yang Pei Department of Data Science and Analytics Kennesaw State University Marietta USA Information Systems Kennesaw State University Marietta USA Computer Science Kennesaw State University Marietta USA Computer Science Social Work and Human Services Kennesaw State University Marietta USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350345018

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345025

This demonstration introduces the CaseFinder tool, a GUI designed to automate visualizations and quantitatively analyze 911 police reports. The tool allows for efficient data exploration for non-technical users integrating behavioral health-related keywords. By amalgamating diverse keyword category inputs, CaseFinder provides a holistic approach to analyzing reports by uncovering indications of behavioral health problems while including perspectives from multiple professional domains. Ultimately, CaseFinder aims to improve the understanding of the magnitude of the problem of behavioral health issues involved in 911 crises to mitigate reoccurrence.

关键词： Visualization Law enforcement Statistical analysis data visualization Graphical user interfaces

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A security framework for 5G-enabled wireless sensor networks based on blockchain technology

A security framework for 5G-enabled wireless sensor networks...

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2024 International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Communication Systems, ICKECS 2024

作者： Durgarao, M.S.P. Valluru, Dinesh Saraswathi, S. Malathi, P. Thilagam, K. Loganathan, S. Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Department of Computer Science & Engineering Andhra Pradesh Madanapalle India Mlritm Engineering College Department of Information Technology Hyderabad India Vel Tech High Tech Dr Rangarajan Dr Sakuntala Engineering College Dept of Cse - Aiml Tamil Nadu Chennai India Saveetha College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Simats Department of Data Analytics Tamilnadu Chennai India Velammal Engineering College Department of Ece Tamil Nadu Chennai India Paavai Engineering College Department of Ece Tamilnadu Namakkal India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359688

A novel blockchain-based security architecture is presented in this study as a solution to the difficulties associated with securing 5 G -enabled WSNs. To manage the uncertain and limited resources inherent in WSNs, the system employs cryptographic techniques, intelligent contracts, and decentralized consensus protocols. The findings of this exhaustive analysis indicate that the proposed approach significantly enhances the overall security stance of 5 G -enabled WSNs. This solution to reduce security risks and vulnerabilities in WSNs is practical and contributes to the growing body of knowledge regarding secure communication in the 5 G era. Subsequent investigations and practical implementations that integrate blockchain technology with 5G-enabled WSNs are made possible by these results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

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Beyond Scaleup: Knowledge-aware Parsimony Learning from Deep Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yao, Quanming Zhang, Yongqi Wang, Yaqing Yin, Nan Kwok, James Yang, Qiang Department of Electronic Engineering the Tsinghua University China Department of Data Science and Analytics Thrust the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications China Department of Computer Science and Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

The brute-force scaleup of training datasets, learnable parameters and computation power, has become a prevalent strategy for developing more robust learning models. However, due to bottlenecks in data, computation, and trust, the sustainability of this strategy is a serious concern. In this paper, we attempt to address this issue in a parsimonious manner (i.e., achieving greater potential with simpler models). The key is to drive models using domain-specific knowledge, such as symbols, logic, and formulas, instead of purely relying on scaleup. This approach allows us to build a framework that uses this knowledge as "building blocks" to achieve parsimony in model design, training, and interpretation. Empirical results show that our methods surpass those that typically follow the scaling law. We also demonstrate our framework in AI for science, specifically in the problem of drug-drug interaction prediction. We hope our research can foster more diverse technical roadmaps in the era of foundation models. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Towards Seamless Connectivity: Implementing 6G Communication Technologies in Next-Generation Networks 3

Towards Seamless Connectivity: Implementing 6G Communication...

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3rd International Conference for Advancement in Technology, ICONAT 2024

作者： Kalaiselvi, K. Sankar, R. Supriya, S. Kaushik, G. Swamy, Hemanth Devika, M. Saveetha College of Liberal Arts and Sciences SIMATS Department of Data Analytics Tamilnadu Chennai India Chennai Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India MLR Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hyderabad India Motorola Solutions United States Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering Department of AI& DS Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354171

Advanced wireless networks are essential given the increase in demand for smart services enabled by the Internet of Everything (IoE). Despite the fact that 5G networks could enable Internet of Everything (IoE)-based services, they can't meet all of the requirements needed to create intelligent applications. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the current infrastructure, there is an increasing demand to investigate the potential of 6G wireless communication technologies. Complex network optimization problems can be resolved by integrating artificial intelligence into sixth generation networks. An increasing user base and support for large-scale data-driven applications are essential given the fast evolving 6G landscape. In addition to highlighting network needs, critical supporting technologies, and a comparison of 5G and 6G networks, this study looks at recent advancements and trends in 6G technology. The report also explores new approaches to 6G connectivity, such as edge computing, backscatter communications, AI-driven IoT networks, and holographic beamforming, all of which are meant to support intelligent communities. In order to achieve the goal of 6Gbased IoT networks, it concludes by outlining potential research avenues. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of Everything

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Multi-Task Learning Using Facial Features for Mental Health Screening

Multi-Task Learning Using Facial Features for Mental Health ...

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IEEE International Conference on Big data

作者： Ricardo Flores Avantika Shrestha Ml Tlachac Elke A. Rundensteiner Data Science Department Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA USA Department of Information Systems and Analytics Center for Health and Behavioral Sciences Bryant University Smithfield RI USA Data Science Department Computer Science Department Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA USA

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are prevalent mental health conditions with severe physical and social impacts. They are expensive and detection is difficult, requiring substantial time from trained mental professionals. To alleviate this issue, recent studies explore the diagnostic potential of deep learning models trained on modalities extracted from clinical interview videos, conducted by a virtual agent. However, deep learning models are challenging to train because of the long sequences and small number of participants common in the mental health community. To combat these challenges, we leverage multi-task learning, using temporal facial features as input, to screen for MDD and PTSD. The multi-task architecture is based on a bidirectional GRU model with self-attention. We evaluate our multi-task model on temporal facial features extracted from responses to 15 clinical interview questions conducted by a virtual agent. The results suggest that multi-task learning increases the generalization performance compared to single-task learning. For MDD screening, multi-task learning improved the balanced accuracy over single-task learning for 11 of the 15 datasets. In fact, our multi-learning model increased the MDD screening ability by 25 percent to a balanced accuracy of 0.87 in some scenarios. This work provides valuable findings for the future of mental screening applications leveraging temporal facial features.

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PDC-ViT: Source Camera Identification using Pixel Difference Convolution and Vision Transformer

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Elharrouss, Omar Akbari, Younes Almaadeed, Noor Al-Maadeed, Somaya Khelifi, Fouad Bouridane, Ahmed Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science and Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Department of Computer and Information Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle United Kingdom Center for Data Analytics and Cybernetics University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Source camera identification has emerged as a vital solution to unlock incidents involving critical cases like terrorism, violence, and other criminal activities. The ability to trace the origin of an image/video can aid law enforcement agencies in gathering evidence and constructing the timeline of events. Moreover, identifying the owner of a certain device narrows down the area of search in a criminal investigation where smartphone devices are involved. This paper proposes a new pixel-based method for source camera identification, integrating Pixel Difference Convolution (PDC) with a Vision Transformer network (ViT), and named PDC-ViT. While the PDC acts as the backbone for feature extraction by exploiting Angular PDC (APDC) and Radial PDC (RPDC). These techniques enhance the capability to capture subtle variations in pixel information, which are crucial for distinguishing between different source cameras. The second part of the methodology focuses on classification, which is based on a Vision Transformer network. Unlike traditional methods that utilize image patches directly for training the classification network, the proposed approach uniquely inputs PDC features into the Vision Transformer network. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the PDC-ViT approach, it has been assessed on five different datasets, which include various image contents and video scenes. The method has also been compared with state-of-the-art source camera identification methods. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed system in terms of accuracy and robustness when compared to its competitors. For example, our proposed PDC-ViT has achieved an accuracy of 94.30%, 84%, 94.22% and 92.29% using the Vision dataset, Daxing dataset, Socrates dataset and QUFVD dataset, respectively. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Convolution

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Captions Speak Louder than Images (CASLIE): Generalizing Foundation Models for E-commerce from High-quality Multimodal Instruction data

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Ling, Xinyi Peng, Bo Du, Hanwen Zhu, Zhihui Ning, Xia Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University United States Translational Data Analytics Institute The Ohio State University United States Department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State University United States

Leveraging multimodal data to drive breakthroughs in e-commerce applications through Multimodal Foundation Models (MFMs) is gaining increasing attention from the research community. However, there are significant challenges that hinder the optimal use of multimodal e-commerce data by foundation models: (1) the scarcity of large-scale, high-quality multimodal benchmark datasets;and (2) the lack of effective multimodal information integration methods. To address these challenges, in this paper, we introduce MMECInstruct, the first-ever, large-scale, and high-quality multimodal instruction dataset for e-commerce. We also develop CASLIE, a simple, lightweight, yet effective framework for integrating multimodal information for e-commerce. Leveraging MMECInstruct, we fine-tune a series of e-commerce MFMs within CASLIE, denoted as CASLIE models. Our comprehensive evaluation demonstrates that CASLIE models substantially outperform 5 categories of advanced baseline models in the in-domain evaluation. Moreover, CASLIE models show strong generalizability to out-of-domain settings. MMECInstruct and CASLIE models are publicly accessible through https://***/CASLIE/. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Large datasets

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eCeLLM: Generalizing Large Language Models for E-commerce from Large-scale, High-quality Instruction data

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Peng, Bo Ling, Xinyi Chen, Ziru Sun, Huan Ning, Xia Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University United States Translational Data Analytics Institute The Ohio State University United States Department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State University United States

With tremendous efforts in developing effective e-commerce models, conventional e-commerce models show limited success in generalist e-commerce modeling, and suffer from unsatisfactory performance on new users and new products – a typical out-of-domain generalization challenge. Meanwhile, large language models (LLMs) demonstrate outstanding performance in generalist modeling and out-of-domain generalizability in many fields. Toward fully unleashing their power for e-commerce, in this paper, we construct ECInstruct, the first open-sourced, large-scale, and high-quality benchmark instruction dataset for e-commerce. Leveraging ECInstruct, we develop eCeLLM, a series of e-commerce LLMs, by instruction-tuning general-purpose LLMs. Our comprehensive experiments and evaluation demonstrate that eCeLLM models substantially outperform baseline models, including the most advanced GPT-4, and the state-of-the-art task-specific models in in-domain evaluation. Moreover, eCeLLM exhibits excellent generalizability to out-of-domain settings, including unseen products and unseen instructions, highlighting its superiority as a generalist e-commerce model. Both the ECInstruct dataset and the eCeLLM models show great potential in empowering versatile and effective LLMs for e-commerce. ECInstruct and eCeLLM models are publicly accessible through https://***/eCeLLM/. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Marketplaces

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