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An Assessment Towards 2D and 3D Human Pose Estimation and its Applications to Activity Recognition: A Review

SN Computer science 2025年第2期6卷 1-24页

作者： Verma, Pratishtha Srivastava, Rajeev Tripathy, Santosh Kumar Department of Computer Engineering National Institute of Technology Haryana Kurukshetra India Computer Science and Engineering IIT BHU Varanasi India Department of Computing Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna Bihar Patna India

Human pose estimation (HPE) from images or video is not only a major issue of computer vision, but also it plays a vital role in many real-world applications. The most challenging problems of human pose estimation are the disparity of poses, disturbing background clutter, different camera views, changes in scene lighting conditions, and occlusion. To solve these issues, a significant amount of research effort has been considered in the past. In this paper, we explore various vision-based activity recognition using 2D and 3D human pose estimations. We explore the conventional system, which includes both statistical and deep learning-based approaches for HPE, and then explore the current progress of each one in comparison to existing ones. At last, we also present various current state-of-the-art human activity recognition (HAR) techniques that use HPE for recognition. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Human activity recognition (HAR) Human body model (HBM) Human pose estimation (HPE)

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Smart Glasses for Blind Assistance: A Lightweight and Ergonomic Approach 3

Smart Glasses for Blind Assistance: A Lightweight and Ergono...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Shreevatsan, S.S. Annambhotla, Yasasree Lasya Reji, Anaswara Belwal, Meena Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

Individuals who are blind or have reduced vision often struggle to navigate their environments, as traditional tools like canes offer limited information. While smart glasses have the potential to assist, existing models face challenges such as being heavy, uncomfortable, expensive, and lacking effective features for real-time navigation. These limitations hinder usability and diminish the overall user experience. This work presents a cost-effective prototype of lightweight and ergonomic smart glasses designed to enhance navigation and safety for individuals with visual impairments. By integrating obstacle detection sensors, real-time feedback mechanisms, and a user-centric design, the proposed solution aims to promote mobility, independence, and comfort while remaining accessible to a wider user base. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Obstacle detectors

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Detection of Brain Tumor Using U-Net Model Approach

Detection of Brain Tumor Using U-Net Model Approach

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International Conference on Smart Systems and Wireless Communication, SSWC 2024

作者： Patra, Arunima Paul, Krishnangshu Paul, Prithwineel Department of Computer Science and Engineering Institute of Engineering and Management Kolkata India Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Engineering and Management Kolkata India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computing Institute of Engineering & Management University of Engineering and Management Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819613472

This study introduces an innovative deep learning methodology leveraging the U-Net framework for medical image segmentation and lesion detection in brain tumors. U-net architecture contains encoder and decoder blocks which in turn are capable of capturing and propagation of information of the features. In this paper, for brain tumor segmentation, a U-Net Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is employed, utilizing multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and skip connections for precise tumor localization and segmentation. Through comprehensive experiments, we show that our method outperforms traditional techniques and current CNN models for medical image segmentation and lesion detection in brain tumors. Moreover, the proposed method can perform the task with higher accuracy. This tailored U-Net architecture demonstrates the potential for advancing medical image analysis, enabling precise segmentation and lesion detection, ultimately leading to improved patient care and treatment outcomes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Comprehensive Web Analysis of Automobile Websites: Performance, SEO, and Accessibility Insights

Comprehensive Web Analysis of Automobile Websites: Performan...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Computational, Communication and Information Technology, ICCCIT 2025

作者： Busetty, Abhishek Balam, Ruchith Chillakuru, Hari Radha, R. Saranya Devi, B. Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512965

The current research work proposes a difficultydriven comparison of three most visited automobile websites namely the Automobile Site1, Automobile Site2, Automobile Site3 on parameters including performance, Search engine optimization (SEO), accessibility and traffic. The research involves tool such as Yellow Labs, Google Page Speed Insight and Semrush with regard to the website's weight, loading time, user's interactions and search engine optimization. The findings reveal distinct strengths across the sites: From the three Automobile Site1 is the most optimized and accessibly friendly site, the factors of search engine friendliness is as follows. Looking at the traffic and users of Automobile Site2, it comfortably outclasses the other sites in terms of page views as well as the audience loyalty. At the same time, Automobile Site3 has relatively low first load time which indicates fast website browsing while it is still relatively weak in terms of its SEO and the usability of the site has to be improved in terms of theoretical potential. In conclusion, the realized comparison exposes the strengths and weaknesses of each site and is informative to future developments of the sites with an aim at better user interaction levels and competitive advantage. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Automobiles

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Voice over Internet Protocol: Custom SIP Server with QoS Optimization for Real-Time Communication 3

Voice over Internet Protocol: Custom SIP Server with QoS Opt...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Dinesh Krishna, B.V. Yogendrasai, P. Rajeev, S. Rajagopal, Shinu M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

VoIP is a revolutionary technology for transmission of voice over internet protocol than from plain telephony systems. But current VoIP solutions have some important issues which are packet loss, latency, and jitter especially when the network is in motion. This work outlines the design, implementation and performance of a locally developed VoIP system which includes a SIP Server Node, Sender Node and a Receiver Node. The SIP Server Node was designed nearly from the ground up to handle session initiation, packet forwarding, and adaptive QoS control. Both Sender and Receiver Nodes had facilities to record, compress and playback audio. The system’s performance was evaluated in a LAN environment, achieving significant improvements in Quality of Service (QoS) metrics: achieving low latency under 150 ms, 95% packet recovery and achieving a good audio quality with the MOS of 4.2. Evaluating the obtained results, it can be concluded that the proposed system is efficient in handling the issues of the packet-switched network and providing high-quality real time voice communication. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Packet loss

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Maximizing Throughput and Minimizing Latency: Evolutionary Algorithms for Optimizing Wireless Cellular Networks 3

Maximizing Throughput and Minimizing Latency: Evolutionary A...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Pechetti, Jyoshitha Yadav, Sneha Tarunya, G. Rajagopal, Shinu M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

In the rapidly evolving world of wireless cellular network, optimizing key parameters like data throughput and latency is of critical importance for ensuring high quality communication services. The proposed presents a novel approach to multi-objective optimization to enhance overall network performance using Genetic Algorithms (GA), Pareto, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). By employing optimization algorithms, a balance is sought in terms of trade-off of other parameters while maximizing data throughput and minimizing latency. Simulation layers indicate the comparative study further solidifies the efficacy of the value of evolutionary algorithms in optimizing wireless networks to satisfy the growing needs of high speed and less latency services in today’s communication landscape. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Enhancing Underwater Image Captioning Using Transformer Models and Augmented Terrestrial Datasets

Enhancing Underwater Image Captioning Using Transformer Mode...

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2025 International Conference on Pervasive Computational Technologies, ICPCT 2025

作者： Gamidi, Rohan Hemasri, M. Muppala, Tejaswi Vinitha Chowdary, A. Aiswariya Milan, K. Palaniswamy, Suja Amrita School of Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508685

Underwater environments present unique challenges for image analysis due to light attenuation, scattering, and color distortion, which significantly degrade image quality. These facts make simple operations such as image captioning, which is crucial in marine sciences, search, and conservation, challenging. Current datasets such as Flickr8K contain mostly terrestrial images and do not possess features distinctive to underwater environments therefore direct training of models is not possible in this context. To cover this gap, the current work combines a Transformer-based image captioning model with an enhanced underwater-specific image augmentation set. These augmentations mimic real-life underwater consequences such as RGB attenuation, Gaussian blur, muddy particles, noise, and gradient-based illumination distortions. The implemented model, learned and recursively tuned on the Flickr8k dataset, proves the ability to generate reasonable captions for underwater images even though the dataset belongs to Flickr8k providing a terrestrial environment. This is proven by the enhanced BLEU scores as well as from the results of the experiment which trained the translation model in less than ten percent of the dataset to show its flexibility on underwater scenarios but without necessitating the use of an underwater dataset. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Underwater imaging

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Integration of Traffic Shaping with Time-Sensitive Networking for Effective Traffic Management 3

Integration of Traffic Shaping with Time-Sensitive Networkin...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Penumada, Archana Reddy Gundapaneni, Divya Jyothi Chennupati, Akshitha Rajagopal, Shinu M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) has recently become an important standard to support time-sensitive reliable low-latency data transmission in industrial and real-time applications. This work explores the use of different traffic shaping algorithms, namely, credit-based shaping (CBS) and time-aware shaping (TAS) alongside frame preemption—a TSN instance which gives precedence to high-importance frames by means of lower-priority traffic interruption—to extend TSN’s traffic management capabilities. By controlling data flow and allowing for high priority packets to pass through unimpeded, traffic shaping algorithms serve an essential function in making the network more efficient and reducing congestion rates. The work compares these algorithms in isolation and also in combination over a network model, comprising of four switches and three end users for each switch, using the OMNeT++ simulation environment. This study aims to contribute insights into optimal shaping techniques for TSN, enhancing its suitability for critical network applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Traffic congestion

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Radius-Based Authentication: UFrames’ Novel Approach to Prevent Account Sharing 5th

Radius-Based Authentication: UFrames’ Novel Approach to Pre...

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5th International Conference on computing and Network Communications, CoCoNet 2023

作者： Vardhan, D. Sai Tanmayi, Doddapaneni Rakesh, Kakaraparthi Sreevidya, B. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819745395

OTT platforms such as Netflix and Amazon Prime have been in the market for more than a decade. They have come to full-fledged usage especially during the lockdown. The main reason for their magnanimous success is ease of use and feasibility to access unlimited content anywhere and anytime with basic Internet connection. The features in OTT have made accessing the content and viewing the content easy and delightful for the users. However, the "sharing account" option enabled for a single user to access the content from multiple devices is instead being used to share one account among multiple users, negatively affecting the business of OTT creators. In this paper, the focus is to build an OTT platform that proves advantageous to both users and providers. Besides the prevailing features that are found across platforms, including sign-in and sign-up functionalities, categorized content selection, and payment options, the proposed system enables automatic sign-out when the non-primary device strays beyond range from the primary device, content uploading, and more. Furthermore, there is a proposal to implement a GPS technology-based mechanism aimed at preventing users from sharing their accounts with others. The proposed approach conceptually and experimentally proves to be beneficial to the OTT platforms from a business perspective. The scheme is able to prevent users from sharing the account beyond a geographical limit, thus improving the profit. At the same time, these stringent requirements are developed in such a way that a balance is made between user experience, ease of use experience along with improved security measures. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Global positioning system

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Plant Care System with Automated Watering and Lighting for Optimal Growth 3

Plant Care System with Automated Watering and Lighting for O...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Anil Kumar, Ch. GnanaDeep, K. Pavan, M.M.S. Belwal, Meena Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

This research is interested in the design of an autonomous plant care system for optimal growth and it controls the supply of water and lighting in real time. Its application is, of course, best suited to indoor plants or greenhouses as sensors monitor both soil moisture and temperature and light intensity. Thus, all these current developed methods including drip irrigation systems, self-watering pots, grow lights with timingers, IoT-based plant monitors, and greenhouse climate controllers are only partially achieved and are done with the direct intervention of a human. So, the objective of the research is to design an automated system with integration of sensors and a controller from Arduino such that the plants continue growing healthy without the physical presence of the user due to its low maintenance. The question of human intervention in existing plant systems is considered in this research by designing an efficient, low-maintenance, and cost-effective solution for multiple plants with a focus on a solar-powered Arduino-based controller which uses the data received from incorporated soil moisture and light intensity sensors to guarantee plant growth without further human interference. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Soil moisture

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