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Detecting Double Mixed Compressed Images Based on Quaternion Convolutional Neural Network

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 657-671页

作者： Hao WANG Jinwei WANG Xuelong HU Bingtao HU Qilin YIN Xiangyang LUO Bin MA Jinsheng SUN Department of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of Education Department of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Management Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Qilu University of Technology

Detection of color images that have undergone double compression is a critical aspect of digital image *** the existence of various methods capable of detecting double Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG) compression,they are unable to address the issue of mixed double compression resulting from the use of different compression *** particular,the implementation of Joint Photographic Experts Group 2000(JPEG2000)as the secondary compression standard can result in a decline or complete loss of performance in existing *** tackle this challenge of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression,a detection method based on quaternion convolutional neural networks(QCNN) is *** QCNN processes the data as a quaternion,transforming the components of a traditional convolutional neural network(CNN) into a quaternion *** relationships between the color channels of the image are preserved,and the utilization of color information is ***,the method includes a feature conversion module that converts the extracted features into quaternion statistical features,thereby amplifying the evidence of double *** results indicate that the proposed QCNN-based method improves,on average,by 27% compared to existing methods in the detection of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression.

关键词： Color image forensics JPEG JPEG2000 Mixed double compression Quaternion convolutional neural network

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A Review of Lightweight Security and Privacy for Resource-Constrained IoT Devices

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 31-63页

作者： Sunil Kumar Dilip Kumar Ramraj Dangi Gaurav Choudhary Nicola Dragoni Ilsun You Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology JamshedpurJamshedpurIndia School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT University BhopalBhopal466114India Center for Industrial Software The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller InstituteUniversity of Southern DenmarkSonderborgOdenseDenmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of DenmarkLyngby2800Denmark Department of Information Security Cryptologyand MathematicsKookmin UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The widespread and growing interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)may be attributed to its usefulness in many different *** settings are probed for data,which is then transferred via linked *** are several hurdles to overcome when putting IoT into practice,from managing server infrastructure to coordinating the use of tiny *** it comes to deploying IoT,everyone agrees that security is the biggest *** is due to the fact that a large number of IoT devices exist in the physicalworld and thatmany of themhave constrained resources such as electricity,memory,processing power,and square *** research intends to analyse resource-constrained IoT devices,including RFID tags,sensors,and smart cards,and the issues involved with protecting them in such restricted *** lightweight cryptography,the information sent between these gadgets may be *** order to provide a holistic picture,this research evaluates and contrasts well-known algorithms based on their implementation cost,hardware/software efficiency,and attack resistance *** also emphasised how essential lightweight encryption is for striking a good cost-to-performance-to-security ratio.

关键词： IoT a sensor device lightweight cryptography block cipher smart card security and privacy

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The Progression of Competencies and Dispositions: How do Maturing software Engineers Compare? 54

The Progression of Competencies and Dispositions: How do Mat...

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54th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE 2024

作者： Clear, Tony Clear, Alison Auckland University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auckand New Zealand School of Computing Eastern Institute of technology Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351507

This research paper describes and extends the outcomes from an in- depth study investigating the difference in the expected skills requirements from junior software engineers to senior software engineers, and reflections on the findings from that study. It is a given that senior software engineers have more experience and skills than junior software engineers. However, a focus on their differing competencies and dispositions provides an enhanced mechanism for comparison. Gaps were identified in assessing 'professional knowledge' as categorized by the IEEE/ACM computing Curriculum Overview Report (CC2020), and in assessing 'dispositions'. It appeared that the specific scenario of comparing the expected competencies between junior and senior software engineers, tested the framework for assessing competencies developed in the CC2020 project and applied in its mapping to the IEEE/ACM Computer science (CS2013) approved curriculum. In this study into the difference between Junior and Senior software Engineers, an initial review of relevant literature was conducted. The review found that research analyzing job requirements for software engineers of different levels was limited;'experience' as a keyword was seldom mentioned;and a common distinction was made between 'soft' and 'hard' skills - the latter being skills that were 'technical', such as programming languages, frameworks, libraries, and tools, whereas soft skills referred to skills such as personality traits, attitudes, and teamwork skills. In our extension of that work the notion of soft skills was unpacked into professional skills and dispositions. The process of mapping from the CC2020 competency framework to the CS2013 curriculum had deliberately modelled how to represent a competency-based rather than a knowledge-based curriculum. The critical deficiency identified here was the limitation imposed by adopting a skills framework based on the cognitive taxonomy, and thereby unwittingly omitting the crucial compani

关键词： Mapping

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The Impact of Transformer Models and Regression Algorithms on Automated Short Answer Grading 5

The Impact of Transformer Models and Regression Algorithms o...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Advances in Electrical, computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies, ICAECT 2025

作者： Nampoothiri, Abhijith. N. Thushara, M.G. Pradeesh, N. Anand Krishna, K.R. Santhosh, Abhai Abhijith Kumar, S. Kumar, Suryan Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Applications Amritapuri India Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amritapuri India Omnex Software Solutions Pvt. Ltd Thoraipakkam Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356236

Grading short answer questions in higher education often poses significant challenges due to its subjective nature and time-consuming process. As educational institutions expand, the need for efficient and objective grading solutions becomes critical. This paper investigates the use of machine learning and natural language processing to automate the evaluation of short answer responses. Our study employs a two-phase methodology: first, several transformer models - including BERT, Sentence-BERT, T5, Genism, and XLNet - are used to transform text into numerical representations. In the second phase, various regression techniques, such as Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and AdaBoost, are applied to these representations to estimate scores. Our findings indicate that the combination of the BERT model with Random Forest performs the best, demonstrating superior accuracy with the lowest error metrics. This optimal model pairing is proposed for integration into the Ample Learning Management System (LMS) to enhance grading efficiency and provide quicker, more reliable feedback. The significant implications of this research provides teachers with a robust tool for automated grading, which can enhance the educational experience by delivering timely and accurate evaluations. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Teaching

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Identification of software Bugs by Analyzing Natural Language-Based Requirements Using Optimized Deep Learning Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4379-4397页

作者： Qazi Mazhar ul Haq Fahim Arif Khursheed Aurangzeb Noor ul Ain Javed Ali Khan Saddaf Rubab Muhammad Shahid Anwar Department of Computer Science and Engineering and International Bachelor’s Program in Informatics Yuan Ze UniversityZhongliTaoyuan320315Taiwan Department of Computer Science National University of PakistanRawalpindiPunjab46000Pakistan Department of Computer Software Engineering MCSNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science School of PhysicsEngineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldAL109ABUK Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272United Arab Emirates Department of AI and Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-SI13120South Korea

software project outcomes heavily depend on natural language requirements,often causing diverse interpretations and issues like ambiguities and incomplete or faulty *** are exploring machine learning to predict software bugs,but a more precise and general approach is *** bug prediction is crucial for software evolution and user training,prompting an investigation into deep and ensemble learning ***,these studies are not generalized and efficient when extended to other ***,this paper proposed a hybrid approach combining multiple techniques to explore their effectiveness on bug identification *** methods involved feature selection,which is used to reduce the dimensionality and redundancy of features and select only the relevant ones;transfer learning is used to train and test the model on different datasets to analyze how much of the learning is passed to other datasets,and ensemble method is utilized to explore the increase in performance upon combining multiple classifiers in a *** National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)and four Promise datasets are used in the study,showing an increase in the model’s performance by providing better Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(AUC-ROC)values when different classifiers were *** reveals that using an amalgam of techniques such as those used in this study,feature selection,transfer learning,and ensemble methods prove helpful in optimizing the software bug prediction models and providing high-performing,useful end mode.

关键词： Natural language processing software bug prediction transfer learning ensemble learning feature selection

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Stock Price Prediction using CuDNNLSTM and multiple CNN layers

Stock Price Prediction using CuDNNLSTM and multiple CNN laye...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things, AIBThings 2023

作者： Kanwal, Anika Chandrasekaran, Siva Akhunzada, Adnan Swinburne University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Melbourne Australia University of Doha for Science and Technology Department of Computing and Information Technology Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322347

Academic and financial sectors are interested in research areas that focus on understanding the patterns of financial activities and predicting their future changes. The daily movement of financial data involves complex, insufficient, and ambiguous information, making its prediction an extremely difficult endeavour. The issues of forecasting and analysing financial data is therefore complex and time-dependent. Deep neural networks (DNNs) can be used to solve nonlinear problems more effectively than conventional machine learning techniques. This study proposes an intelligent and optimal model CuDNNLSTM-Multi(1dCNN) for stock market price prediction using a hybrid of CUDA based Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Multiple One Dimensional Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs). A variety of models, including Multiple CuDNNLSTM-CNN, Multi-CuDNNLSTM, Multi (1dCNN), are used to compare the prediction performance of the proposed model. In terms of RMSE, MAE, and MAPE, the results show that the suggested model outperforms all hybrid and individual models. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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Enabling Collaborative and Green Generative AI Inference in Edge Networks

Enabling Collaborative and Green Generative AI Inference in ...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Tian, Meng Liu, Zhicheng Qiu, Chao Wang, Xiaofei Niyato, Dusit Leung, Victor C. M. Tianjin University College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China The University of British Columbia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vancouver Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

Recent advances in the diffusion model mark a significant leap in AI-generated image technology while extending its application to the Internet of Things (IoT). However, deploying these models on resource-constrained edge devices presents considerable challenges, primarily due to their high computational energy demands and stringent quality requirements. In response to these challenges, we introduce a collaborative inference system tailored for green edge networks. First, we propose a multi-exit U-ViT model that achieves the balance between inference quality and processing speed by allowing adaptive selection of exit points during diffusion for efficient processing. Next, we develop a novel generative AI-assisted reinforcement learning algorithm that controls the exit selections and offloading decisions of the device to achieve maximum global gain. Furthermore, we design a novel policy network incorporating an attention-based state-embedded policy network to enhance the algorithm's ability to perceive and make decisions about the state of the environment. Experimental results demonstrate that our system achieves energy-efficient inference while ensuring the quality of the generated content. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Road Traffic Accident Pattern Analysis with Data Mining 12

Road Traffic Accident Pattern Analysis with Data Mining

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12th International Conference on Awareness science and Technology, iCAST 2023

作者： Zhe Chai, Albe Bing Lau, Bee Theng Tsun Tee, Mark Kit McCarthy, Chris Faculty of Engineering Computing & Science Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Kuching Malaysia Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324693

The discovery of Road Traffic Accident (RTA) patterns is vital to formulate mitigation strategies based on the characteristics of RTA. Various studies have applied association rule mining for RTA pattern discovery. However, limited research has conducted a comparative analysis of RTA patterns in different regions. This work is necessary to identify the similarities and differences of RTA characteristics between different regions, especially the developed and developing countries with different RTA trends in fatality rates. This work explored the application of association rule mining (FP-Growth algorithm) to discover and compare the RTA patterns for developed and developing countries. The Orange Data Mining software is used to discover RTA patterns for Ethiopia (12,317 samples) and the UK (United Kingdom) (1,048,575 samples), representing developing and developed countries. Eventually, findings showed similarities and differences in RTA patterns between Ethiopia and the UK. Road characteristics and conditions are the common factors contributing to RTA severity levels, while other crucial factors include the light condition and speed limit. In conclusion, the discovery of RTA patterns in different regions is beneficial to assist in formulating strategies to reduce the risk of RTA. Future work is necessary to discover the RTA patterns from different perspectives, such as seasonal or periodical variations of RTA patterns. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Association rules

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Occluded Person Re-Identification using Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks 23

Occluded Person Re-Identification using Region-based Convolu...

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3rd International Conference on Human Machine Interaction, ICHMI 2023

作者： Islam, Atiqul Tsun, Mark Tee Kit Bee Theng, Lau Chua, Caslon Faculty of Engineering Computing & Science Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Kuching Malaysia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700088

The ability to continuously follow a target person in a dynamically changing environment remains a major challenge that indoor companion robots confront. Ongoing human following is complicated by close similarity matching and target occlusions. Person Re-Identification (re-ID) is a computer vision task that can help with the problem of intentional or unintentional occlusion of the subject or person of interest. Numerous research has been conducted on re-ID where the basic assumption is that the gallery set will only have non-occluded person images. This paper examines the problem from a human detection perspective and surveys the state-of-the-art of person re-ID, their achievement and shortcomings. A region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) Re-ID is proposed in this research. The findings from the prototyping and evaluation demonstrate that the proposed person Re-ID model is reliable for indoor re-ID situations. Thus, future works in this direction include investigating other factors, such as the number of persons in a scene and varying viewing angles of the probed target person, which can impact the performance of the proposed re-ID model. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Optimal Bounds for Distinct Quartics 51

Optimal Bounds for Distinct Quartics

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51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, ICALP 2024

作者： Charalampopoulos, Panagiotis Gawrychowski, Pawel Ghazawi, Samah School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences Birkbeck University of London United Kingdom Institute of Computer Science University of Wroclaw Poland Department of Computer Science University of Haifa Israel Department of Software Engineering Braude College of Engineering Karmiel Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773225

A fundamental concept related to strings is that of repetitions. It has been extensively studied in many versions, from both purely combinatorial and algorithmic angles. One of the most basic questions is how many distinct squares, i.e., distinct strings of the form UU, a string of length n can contain as fragments. It turns out that this is always O(n), and the bound cannot be improved to sublinear in n [Fraenkel and Simpson, JCTA 1998]. Several similar questions about repetitions in strings have been considered, and by now we seem to have a good understanding of their repetitive structure. For higher-dimensional strings, the basic concept of periodicity has been successfully extended and applied to design efficient algorithms – it is inherently more complex than for regular strings. Extending the notion of repetitions and understanding the repetitive structure of higher-dimensional strings is however far from complete. Quartics were introduced by Apostolico and Brimkov [TCS 2000] as analogues of squares in two dimensions. Charalampopoulos, Radoszewski, Rytter, Waleń, and Zuba [ESA 2020] proved that the number of distinct quartics in an n × n 2D string is O(n2 log2 n) and that they can be computed in O(n2 log2 n) time. Gawrychowski, Ghazawi, and Landau [SPIRE 2021] constructed an infinite family of n × n 2D strings with Ω(n2 log n) distinct quartics. This brings the challenge of determining asymptotically tight bounds. Here, we settle both the combinatorial and the algorithmic aspects of this question: the number of distinct quartics in an n × n 2D string is O(n2 log n) and they can be computed in the worst-case optimal O(n2 log n) time. As expected, our solution heavily exploits the periodic structure implied by occurrences of quartics. However, the two-dimensional nature of the problem introduces some technical challenges. Somewhat surprisingly, we overcome the final challenge for the combinatorial bound using a result of Marcus and Tardos [JCTA 2004] for permuta

关键词： Optimization

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