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Beyond Reality: Crafting Logical Systems for Autonomous Vehicles through Virtual Reality

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Beyond Reality: Crafting Logical Systems for Autonomous Vehi...

Communication & computing (WCONF), World Conference on

作者： N.K. Senthil Kumar Sumalatha A Dhivyabharathi R K. Suresh Kumar A. Hency Juliet S. Rajarajeswari Department of CSE School of Computing Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science Kristu Jayanti College Bengaluru Karnataka India Department of Computer Science and Engineering S.A. Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of MBA Panimalar Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Data Analytics Saveetha College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Science and Humanities Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (数字)9798350395327

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395334

The current paradigm for advancing autonomous driving functionalities on public roads predominantly operates within the tangible realm. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are equipped with an array of sensors, including Lidar, cameras, radar, GPS, and on-board-unit (OBU) modems, each actively collecting data about the surrounding environment. This data is then processed through sophisticated algorithms, enhancing the vehicle's situational awareness. In our pursuit of refining autonomous driving capabilities, we leverage the AVTSC Simulator as our chosen Autonomous Vehicle (AV) simulation environment. Notably, this simulator stands out for its ability to replicate realistic urban settings and seamlessly integrate with widely used platforms such as Apollo and ROS. By harnessing the capabilities of this simulation environment, we aim to bridge the gap between real-world testing and simulated scenarios. This abstract encapsulates the essence of our strategy, emphasizing the integration of advanced sensor technologies and simulation environments for the development of autonomous driving features. Preliminary results indicate a promising 94% success rate for the proposed methodology, showcasing the efficacy of our approach in enhancing the robustness and reliability of autonomous systems.

关键词： Laser radar Roads Virtual reality Modems Cameras Robustness Autonomous vehicles Testing Global Positioning System Sensor arrays

SurveilEdge: Real-time Video Query based on Collaborative Cloud-Edge Deep Learning

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SurveilEdge: Real-time Video Query based on Collaborative Cl...

IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE Computer and Communications Societies

作者： Shibo Wang Shusen Yang Cong Zhao National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics Xi’an Jiaotong University Department of Computing Imperial College London

ISBN: (数字)9781728164120

ISBN: (纸本)9781728164137

The real-time query of massive surveillance video data plays a fundamental role in various smart urban applications such as public safety and intelligent transportation. Traditional cloud-based approaches are not applicable because of high transmission latency and prohibitive bandwidth cost, while edge devices are often incapable of executing complex vision algorithms with low latency and high accuracy due to restricted resources. Given the infeasibility of both cloud-only and edge-only solutions, we present SurveilEdge, a collaborative cloud-edge system for real-time queries of large-scale surveillance video streams. Specifically, we design a convolutional neural network (CNN) training scheme to reduce the training time with high accuracy, and an intelligent task allocator to balance the load among different computing nodes and to achieve the latency-accuracy tradeoff for real-time queries. We implement SurveilEdge on a prototype 1 with multiple edge devices and a public Cloud, and conduct extensive experiments using real-world surveillance video datasets. Evaluation results demonstrate that SurveilEdge manages to achieve up to 7× less bandwidth cost and 5.4× faster query response time than the cloud-only solution; and can improve query accuracy by up to 43.9% and achieve 15.8× speedup respectively, in comparison with edge-only approaches.

关键词： Streaming media Cameras Surveillance Cloud computing Training Task analysis Real-time systems

Calibrating hypersonic turbulence flow models with the HIFiRE-1 experiment using data-driven machine-learned models

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chowdhary, Kenny Hoang, Chi Lee, Kookjin Ray, Jaideep Extreme-Scale Data Science and Analytics Department Sandia National Laboratories LivermoreCA94550 United States School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85281 United States

In this paper we study the efficacy of combining machine-learning methods with projection-based model reduction techniques for creating data-driven surrogate models of computationally expensive, high-fidelity physics models. Such surrogate models are essential for many-query applications e.g., engineering design optimization and parameter estimation, where it is necessary to invoke the high-fidelity model sequentially, many times. Surrogate models are usually constructed for individual scalar quantities. However there are scenarios where a spatially varying field needs to be modeled as a function of the model's input parameters. We develop a method to do so, using projections to represent spatial variability while a machine-learned model captures the dependence of the model's response on the inputs. The method is demonstrated on modeling the heat flux and pressure on the surface of the HIFiRE-1 geometry in a Mach 7.16 turbulent flow. The surrogate model is then used to perform Bayesian estimation of freestream conditions and parameters of the SST (Shear Stress Transport) turbulence model embedded in the high-fidelity (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) flow simulator, using wind-tunnel data. The paper provides the first-ever Bayesian calibration of a turbulence model for complex hypersonic turbulent flows. We find that the primary issues in estimating the SST model parameters are the limited information content of the heat flux and pressure measurements and the large model-form error encountered in a certain part of the flow. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Turbulence models

Stratified subsampling for regression analysis of big count response data

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2756卷

作者： Yeh-Ching Low Seng-Huat Ong Department of Computing and Information Systems School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University 47500 Selangor Malaysia Institute of Actuarial Science and Data Analytics UCSI University 56000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Count frequency data are found in many applications such as traffic accident analysis, car insurance claims, hospital admissions records and adverse vaccine reaction data. In some cases, these data have high zero counts and/or heavy tails due to cases such as no claim or no incidence in insurance and accident data, respectively. In regression modelling, the data size can be formidable due to either large sample size and/or large number of covariates or predictors which leads to computational challenges. Although many computer engineering solutions are available through supercomputers and parallel computing, there exists limitations due to cost and accessibility. As such, statistical solutions have been considered to ameliorate the challenges posed by regression modelling of big data. In general, these statistical solutions are classified as divide and conquer approach, fine-to-coarse method and subsampling methods. To address the problem of large data size in count regression modelling, we propose a stratified subsampling strategy according to frequency classes with shrinkage leveraging for statistical inference. An attractive feature of this strategy is in its ability to preserve the characteristics of data like over dispersion, high zero counts and/or heavy-tailed. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed stratified subsampling method in regression modelling with big count data. The regression analysis will be illustrated using a family of mixed Poisson regression models which have been shown to be flexible in its ability to model count data with high zero counts and/or a long tail.

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Towards Unified Token Learning for Vision-Language Tracking

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zheng, Yaozong Zhong, Bineng Liang, Qihua Li, Guorong Ji, Rongrong Li, Xianxian The Key Laboratory of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology Ministry of Education Guangxi Normal University Guilin541004 China The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multi-Source Information Mining and Security Guangxi Normal University Guilin541004 China The School of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Media Analytics and Computing Lab Department of Artificial Intelligence School of Informatics Xiamen University 361005 China

In this paper, we present a simple, flexible and effective vision-language (VL) tracking pipeline, termed MMTrack, which casts VL tracking as a token generation task. Traditional paradigms address VL tracking task indirectly with sophisticated prior designs, making them over-specialize on the features of specific architectures or mechanisms. In contrast, our proposed framework serializes language description and bounding box into a sequence of discrete tokens. In this new design paradigm, all token queries are required to perceive the desired target and directly predict spatial coordinates of the target in an auto-regressive manner. The design without other prior modules avoids multiple sub-tasks learning and hand-designed loss functions, significantly reducing the complexity of VL tracking modeling and allowing our tracker to use a simple cross-entropy loss as unified optimization objective for VL tracking task. Extensive experiments on TNL2K, LaSOT, LaSOText and OTB99-Lang benchmarks show that our approach achieves promising results, compared to other state-of-the-arts. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Modeling languages

Sparse online relative similarity learning

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yao, Dezhong Zhao, Peilin Yu, Chen Jin, Hai Li, Bin Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Data Analytics Department Institute for Infocomm Research A*STAR 138632 Singapore Economics and Management School Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China

For many data mining and machine learning tasks, the quality of a similarity measure is the key for their performance. To automatically find a good similarity measure from datasets, metric learning and similarity learning are proposed and studied extensively. Metric learning will learn a Mahalanobis distance based on positive semi-definite (PSD) matrix, to measure the distances between objectives, while similarity learning aims to directly learn a similarity function without PSD constraint so that it is more attractive. Most of the existing similarity learning algorithms are online similarity learning method, since online learning is more scalable than offline learning. However, most existing online similarity learning algorithms learn a full matrix with d2 parameters, where d is the dimension of the instances. This is clearly inefficient for high dimensional tasks due to its high memory and computational complexity. To solve this issue, we introduce several Sparse Online Relative Similarity (SORS) learning algorithms, which learn a sparse model during the learning process, so that the memory and computational cost can be significantly reduced. We theoretically analyze the proposed algorithms, and evaluate them on some real-world high dimensional datasets. Encouraging empirical results demonstrate the advantages of our approach in terms of efficiency and efficacy. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning algorithms

Large-scale analysis of neural activity and connectivity from high-density electroencephalographic data

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2024年 178卷 108704-108704页

作者： Taberna, Gaia Amaranta Samogin, Jessica Zhao, Mingqi Marino, Marco Guarnieri, Roberto Cuartas Morales, Ernesto Ganzetti, Marco Liu, Quanying Mantini, Dante Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group KU Leuven Leuven3001 Belgium Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China Department of General Psychology University of Padova Padova35131 Italy Dirección Académica Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede de La Paz La Paz202017 Colombia pRED Data & Analytics Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann–La Roche Ltd Basel4070 Switzerland Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China KU Leuven Brain Institute KU Leuven Leuven3000 Belgium

Introduction: High-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) is a technique used for the characterization of the neural activity and connectivity in the human brain. The analysis of EEG data involves several steps, including signal pre-processing, head modelling, source localization and activity/connectivity quantification. Visual check of the analysis steps is often necessary, making the process time- and resource-consuming and, therefore, not feasible for large datasets. Findings: Here we present the Noninvasive Electrophysiology Toolbox (NET), an open-source software for large-scale analysis of hdEEG data, running on the cross-platform MATLAB environment. NET combines all the tools required for a complete hdEEG analysis workflow, from raw signals to final measured values. By relying on reconstructed neural signals in the brain, NET can perform traditional analyses of time-locked neural responses, as well as more advanced functional connectivity and brain mapping analyses. The extracted quantitative neural data can be exported to provide broad compatibility with other software. Conclusions: NET is freely available (https://***/bind-group-kul/net) under the GNU public license for non-commercial use and open-source development, together with a graphical user interface (GUI) and a user tutorial. While NET can be used interactively with the GUI, it is primarily aimed at unsupervised automation to process large hdEEG datasets efficiently. Its implementation creates indeed a highly customizable program suitable for analysis automation and tight integration into existing workflows. © 2024

关键词： Electroencephalography

Applications of Generative Adversarial Networks in Neuroimaging and Clinical Neuroscience

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Rongguang Bashyam, Vishnu Yang, Zhijian Yu, Fanyang Tassopoulou, Vasiliki Chintapalli, Sai Spandana Skampardoni, Ioanna Sreepada, Lasya P. Sahoo, Dushyant Nikita, Konstantina Abdulkadir, Ahmed Wen, Junhao Davatzikos, Christos Center for AI and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Department of Clinical Neurosciences Lausanne University Hospital University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are one powerful type of deep learning models that have been successfully utilized in numerous fields. They belong to the broader family of generative methods, which learn to generate realistic data with a probabilistic model by learning distributions from real samples. In the clinical context, GANs have shown enhanced capabilities in capturing spatially complex, nonlinear, and potentially subtle disease effects compared to traditional generative methods. This review critically appraises the existing literature on the applications of GANs in imaging studies of various neurological conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, brain tumors, brain aging, and multiple sclerosis. We provide an intuitive explanation of various GAN methods for each application and further discuss the main challenges, open questions, and promising future directions of leveraging GANs in neuroimaging. We aim to bridge the gap between advanced deep learning methods and neurology research by highlighting how GANs can be leveraged to support clinical decision making and contribute to a better understanding of the structural and functional patterns of brain diseases. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

Automatic Diagnosis of Myocarditis Disease in Cardiac MRI Modality using Deep Transformers and Explainable Artificial Intelligence

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jafari, Mahboobeh Shoeibi, Afshin Ghassemi, Navid Heras, Jonathan Ling, Sai Ho Beheshti, Amin Zhang, Yu-Dong Wang, Shui-Hua Alizadehsani, Roohallah Gorriz, Juan M. Acharya, U. Rajendra Rokny, Hamid Alinejad Internship in BioMedical Machine Learning Lab The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney SydneyNSW2052 Australia Data Science and Computational Intelligence Institute University of Granada Spain Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of La Rioja La Rioja Spain Australia Data Analytics Lab Department of Computing Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Leicester Leicester United Kingdom Deakin University VIC3217 Australia Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge United Kingdom School of Mathematics Physics and Computing University of Southern Queensland Springfield Australia BioMedical Machine Learning Lab The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney SydneyNSW2052 Australia UNSW Data Science Hub The University of New South Wales SydneyNSW2052 Australia Research Centre Macquarie University Sydney2109 Australia

Myocarditis is a significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) that poses a threat to the health of many individuals by causing damage to the myocardium. The occurrence of microbes and viruses, including the likes of HIV, plays a crucial role in the development of myocarditis disease (MCD). The images produced during cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) scans are low contrast, which can make it challenging to diagnose cardiovascular diseases. In other hand, checking numerous CMRI slices for each CVD patient can be a challenging task for medical doctors. To overcome the existing challenges, researchers have suggested the use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer-aided diagnosis systems (CADS). The presented paper outlines a CADS for the detection of MCD from CMR images, utilizing deep learning (DL) methods. The proposed CADS consists of several steps, including dataset, preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and post-processing. First, the Z-Alizadeh dataset was selected for the experiments. Subsequently, the CMR images underwent various preprocessing steps, including denoising, resizing, as well as data augmentation (DA) via CutMix and MixUp techniques. In the following, the most current deep pre-trained and transformer models are used for feature extraction and classification on the CMR images. The findings of our study reveal that transformer models exhibit superior performance in detecting MCD as opposed to pre-trained architectures. In terms of DL architectures, the Turbulence Neural Transformer (TNT) model exhibited impressive accuracy, reaching 99.73% utilizing a 10-fold cross-validation approach. Additionally, to pinpoint areas of suspicion for MCD in CMRI images, the Explainable-based Grad Cam method was employed. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Diseases